NOAA Monthly U.S. Climate Divisional Database (NClimDiv)
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dateStamp: 2023-06-23
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title: NOAA Monthly U.S. Climate Divisional Database (NClimDiv)
alternateTitle: NClimDiv (Climate Indices)
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date: 2014-03-01
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date: 2015-03-15
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date: 2018-11-15
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Anchor: DOI doi:10.7289/V5M32STR
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code: NCEI DSI 9640_02
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individualName: Vose, Russell S.
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individualName: Applequist, Scott
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individualName: Squires, Mike
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individualName: Durre, Imke
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individualName: Menne, Matthew J.
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individualName: Menne, Matthew J.
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individualName: Williams, Claude N., Jr.
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individualName: Williams, Claude N., Jr.
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individualName: Fenimore, Chris
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individualName: Arndt, Derek
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abstract: This dataset replaces the previous Time Bias Corrected Divisional Temperature-Precipitation Drought Index. The new divisional data set (NClimDiv) is based on the Global Historical Climatological Network-Daily (GHCN-D) and makes use of several improvements to the previous data set. For the input data, improvements include additional station networks, quality assurance reviews and temperature bias adjustments. Perhaps the most extensive improvement is to the computational approach, which now employs climatologically aided interpolation. This 5km grid based calculation nCLIMGRID helps to address topographic and network variability. This data set is primarily used by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) National Climatic Data Center (NCDC) to issue State of the Climate Reports on a monthly basis. These reports summarize recent temperature and precipitation conditions and long-term trends at a variety of spatial scales, the smallest being the climate division level. Data at the climate division level are aggregated to compute statewide, regional and national snapshots of climate conditions. For CONUS, the period of record is from 1895-present. Derived quantities such as Standardized precipitation Index (SPI), Palmer Drought Indices (PDSI, PHDI, PMDI, and ZNDX) and degree days are also available for the CONUS sites. In March 2015, data for thirteen Alaskan climate divisions were added to the NClimDiv data set. Data for the new Alaskan climate divisions begin in 1925 through the present and are included in all monthly updates. Alaskan climate data include the following elements for divisional and statewide coverage: average temperature, maximum temperature (highs), minimum temperature (lows), and precipitation. The Alaska NClimDiv data were created and updated using similar methodology as that for the CONUS, but with a different approach to establishing the underlying climatology. The Alaska data are built upon the 1971-2000 PRISM averages whereas the CONUS values utilize a base climatology derived from the NClimGrid data set. As of November 2018, NClimDiv includes county data and additional inventory files.
purpose: The U.S. Climate Divisional Dataset is the only long-term temporally and spatially complete dataset from 1895 to the present for the Contiguous United States (CONUS) from NCEI. The dataset provides temperature, precipitation and drought indices, as well as heating and cooling degree days. Coverage is provided for U.S. climate divisions, states, multi-state regions, and the nation. Text output, and static and interactive graphs are available.
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fileDescription: Divisional Average Temperature Ranks, January-December 2014
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keyword: Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Temperature > Degree Days
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keyword: Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Temperature > Surface Temperature
keyword: Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Temperature > Temperature Anomalies
keyword: Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Temperature > Surface Temperature > Temperature Tendency
keyword: Earth Science > Atmosphere > Precipitation > Precipitation Amount
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useLimitation: Data is derived from all observations available at the time of data production.
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otherConstraints: Cite as: Vose, Russell S.; Applequist, Scott; Squires, Mike; Durre, Imke; Menne, Matthew J.; Williams, Claude N., Jr.; Fenimore, Chris; Gleason, Karin; Arndt, Derek (2014): NOAA Monthly U.S. Climate Divisional Database (NClimDiv). [indicate subset used]. NOAA National Climatic Data Center. doi:10.7289/V5M32STR [access date].
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otherConstraints: Distribution liability: NOAA and NCEI make no warranty, expressed or implied, regarding these data, nor does the fact of distribution constitute such a warranty. NOAA and NCEI cannot assume liability for any damages caused by any errors or omissions in these data. If appropriate, NCEI can only certify that the data it distributes are an authentic copy of the records that were accepted for inclusion in the NCEI archives.
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otherConstraints: Use liability: NOAA and NCEI cannot provide any warranty as to the accuracy, reliability, or completeness of furnished data. Users assume responsibility to determine the usability of these data. The user is responsible for the results of any application of this data for other than its intended purpose.
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title: Improved Historical Temperature and Precipitation Time Series for U.S. Climate Divisions
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description: ground condition
beginPosition: 1895-01-01
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timeInterval: 1
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fees: In most cases, electronic downloads of the data are free. However, fees may apply for custom orders, data certifications, copies of analog materials, and data distribution on physical media.
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statement: This dataset exhibits substantial differences with the previous Climate Divisional Dataset over the period 1895-2013. The first improvement is to the input data, which now include additional station records and contemporary bias adjustments (Menne and Williams, 2009). The second improvement is to the suite of climatic elements, which has been expanded to include both maximum and minimum temperature. The final (and far most extensive) improvement is to the computational methodology, which now addresses topographic and network variability via climatologically aided interpolation (Willmott and Robeson, 1995).
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description: Divisional values in NClimDiv were derived from area-weighted averages of grid-point estimates interpolated from station data. A nominal grid resolution of 5 km was used to ensure that all divisions had sufficient spatial sampling (only four small divisions had less than 100 points) and because the impact of elevation on precipitation is minimal below 5 km (Sharples et al., 2005). Station data were gridded via climatologically aided interpolation to minimize biases from topographic and network variability (Willmott and Robeson, 1995; Hamlet and Lettenmaier, 2005). In brief, this approach typically requires the creation of three grid types: first-guess grids of climate normals by month, and anomaly grids (i.e., departures from normal) for each year and month, and composite normal/anomaly grids for each year and month. The normal grids capture fine-scale detail using all stations whereas the anomaly grids capture broad departures from average using only the sites available at that time. Because anomalies exhibit less spatial variability than the mean field, the approach is usually viable for sparse networks (New et al., 2000), though some local features (e.g., inversions) may be understated if they do not occur on a climatological basis (Daly, 2006).
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processor: (CI_ResponsibleParty)
organisationName: NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information
role: (CI_RoleCode) processor
source: sd001
processStep: (LE_ProcessStep)
description: In March 2015, new Alaska data was included in the NClimDiv dataset. The Alaska NclimDiv data were created and updated using similar methodology as that for the CONUS, but with a different approach to establishing the underlying climatology. The Alaska data are built upon the 1971-2000 PRISM averages whereas the CONUS values utilize a base climatology derived from the nCLIMGRID dataset. Alaska data only includes the following elements: average temperature, maximum temperature (highs), minimum temperature (lows), and precipitation. National and derived quantities and products are not available for Alaska at this time. Please review documentation for more information.
dateTime: (missing)
processor: (CI_ResponsibleParty)
organisationName: NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information
role: (CI_RoleCode) processor
source: sd001
processStep: (LE_ProcessStep)
description: In November of 2018, an additiona county-level data file was added to the NClimDiv dataset. Also, additional station inventory files were added for reference.
dateTime: (missing)
processor: (CI_ResponsibleParty)
organisationName: NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information
role: (CI_RoleCode) processor
source: sd001
source: (LE_Source)
description: Divisions are calculated using the NOAA Monthly U.S. Climate Gridded Database (NClimGrid)
sourceCitation: (CI_Citation)
title: NOAA Monthly U.S. Climate Gridded Database (NClimGrid)
date: (CI_Date)
date: 2014-09-01
dateType: (CI_DateTypeCode) publication
identifier: (missing)
citedResponsibleParty: (CI_ResponsibleParty)
organisationName: NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information
role: (CI_RoleCode) originator
citedResponsibleParty: (CI_ResponsibleParty)
organisationName: (missing)
contactInfo: (CI_Contact)
onlineResource: (CI_OnlineResource)
linkage: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/metadata/geoportal/rest/metadata/item/gov.noaa.ncdc%3AC00332/html
protocol: HTTPS
applicationProfile: Web Browser
name: Landing Page for NOAA Monthly U.S. Climate Gridded Database (NClimGrid)
description: More information for NClimGrid can be found at the dataset landing page.
function: (CI_OnLineFunctionCode) download
role: (inapplicable)
sourceExtent: (EX_Extent)
geographicElement: (EX_GeographicBoundingBox)
extentTypeCode: 1
westBoundLongitude: -180.0
eastBoundLongitude: -66.0
southBoundLatitude: 24.0
northBoundLatitude: 71.5
temporalElement: (EX_TemporalExtent)
extent:
TimePeriod:
beginPosition: 1895-01-01
endPosition:
sourceStep: ps001
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dataQualityInfo: (DQ_DataQuality)
scope: (DQ_Scope)
level: (MD_ScopeCode) repository
levelDescription: (MD_ScopeDescription)
other: NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information
lineage: (LI_Lineage)
processStep: (LE_ProcessStep)
description: NOAA created the National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) by merging NOAA's National Climatic Data Center (NCDC), National Geophysical Data Center (NGDC), and National Oceanographic Data Center (NODC), including the National Coastal Data Development Center (NCDDC), per the Consolidated and Further Continuing Appropriations Act, 2015, Public Law 113-235. NCEI launched publicly on April 22, 2015.
dateTime:
DateTime: 2015-04-22T00:00:00
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metadataMaintenance: (MD_MaintenanceInformation)
maintenanceAndUpdateFrequency: (MD_MaintenanceFrequencyCode) asNeeded
maintenanceNote: Bulk metadata change applied on 2023-06-23. See version control repository history for metadata change details.
