NOAA Next Generation Radar (NEXRAD) Level 2 Base Data
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title: NOAA Next Generation Radar (NEXRAD) Level 2 Base Data
alternateTitle: Weather Radar (Level II)
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date: 1991
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Anchor: DOI doi:10.7289/V5W9574V
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abstract: This dataset consists of Level II weather radar data collected from Next-Generation Radar (NEXRAD) stations located in the contiguous United States, Alaska, Hawaii, U.S. territories and at military base sites. NEXRAD is a network of 160 high-resolution Doppler weather radars operated by the NOAA National Weather Service (NWS), the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), and the U.S. Air Force (USAF). Doppler radars detect atmospheric precipitation and winds, which allow scientists to track and anticipate weather events, such as rain, ice pellets, snow, hail, and tornadoes, as well as some non-weather objects like birds and insects. NEXRAD stations use the Weather Surveillance Radar - 1988, Doppler (WSR-88D) system. This is a 10 cm wavelength (S-Band) radar that operates at a frequency between 2,700 and 3,000 MHz. The radar system operates in two basic modes: a slow-scanning Clear Air Mode (Mode B) for analyzing air movements when there is little or no precipitation activity in the area, and a Precipitation Mode (Mode A) with a faster scan for tracking active weather. The two modes employ nine Volume Coverage Patterns (VCPs) to adequately sample the atmosphere based on weather conditions. A VCP is a series of 360 degree sweeps of the antenna at pre-determined elevation angles and pulse repetition frequencies completed in a specified period of time. The radar scan times 4.5, 5, 6 or 10 minutes depending on the selected VCP. The NEXRAD products are divided into multiple data processing levels. The lower Level II data contain the three meteorological base data quantities at original resolution: reflectivity, mean radial velocity, and spectrum width. With the advent of dual polarization beginning in 2011, additional base products of differential reflectivity, correlation coefficient and differential phase are available. Level II data are recorded at all NWS and most USAF and FAA WSR-88D sites. From the Level II quantities, computer processing generates numerous meteorological analysis Level 3 products. NEXRAD data are acquired by the NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) for archiving and dissemination to users. Data coverage varies by station and ranges from June 1991 to 1 day from present. Most stations began observing in the mid-1990s, and most period of records are continuous.
purpose: Level-2 NEXRAD data include three meteorological base data quantities: reflectivity, mean radial velocity, and spectrum width. With the advent of dual polarization beginning in 2011, additional base products of differential reflectivity, correlation coefficient and differential phase are available.
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keyword: Earth Remote Sensing Instruments > Active Remote Sensing > Profilers/Sounders > Radar Sounders > NEXRAD > NEXt Generation RADar
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otherConstraints: Cite as: NOAA National Weather Service (NWS) Radar Operations Center (1991): NOAA Next Generation Radar (NEXRAD) Level 2 Base Data. [indicate subset used]. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information. doi:10.7289/V5W9574V [access date].
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otherConstraints: Distribution liability: NOAA and NCEI make no warranty, expressed or implied, regarding these data, nor does the fact of distribution constitute such a warranty. NOAA and NCEI cannot assume liability for any damages caused by any errors or omissions in these data. If appropriate, NCEI can only certify that the data it distributes are an authentic copy of the records that were accepted for inclusion in the NCEI archives.
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beginPosition: 1991-06-05
endPosition:
supplementalInformation: During 2008, the WSR-88D radars were upgraded to produce increased spatial resolution data, called Super Resolution. The earlier (Legacy Resolution) data before 2008 provides radar reflectivity at 1.0 degree azimuthal by 1 km range gate resolution to a range of 460 km, and Doppler velocity and spectrum width at 1.0 degree azimuthal by 250 m range gate resolution to a range of 230 km. The upgraded Super Resolution data provides radar reflectivity at 0.5 degree azimuthal by 250 m range gate resolution to a range of 460 km, and Doppler velocity and spectrum width at 0.5 degree azimuthal by 250 m range gate resolution to a range of 300 km. Super resolution makes a compromise of slightly decreased noise reduction for a large gain in resolution. In 2010, the deployment of the Dual Polarization (Dual Pol) capability to NEXRAD sites began with the first operational Dual Pol radar in May 2011. Dual Pol radar capability adds vertical polarization to the previous horizontal radar waves, in order to more accurately discern the return signal. This allows the radar to better distinguish between types of precipitation (e.g., rain, hail and snow), improves rainfall estimates, improves data retrieval in mountainous terrain, and aids in removal of non-weather artifacts.
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contentInfo: (MD_ImageDescription)
attributeDescription: (inapplicable)
contentType: (inapplicable)
processingLevelCode: (MD_Identifier)
authority: (CI_Citation)
title: Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata: Extensions for Remote Sensing Metadata - Appendix B, NOAA Data Product Levels
date: (CI_Date)
date: 2002-10-09
dateType: (CI_DateTypeCode) publication
edition: FGDC-STD-012-2002
citedResponsibleParty: (CI_ResponsibleParty)
organisationName: Federal Geographic Data Committee Secretariat c/o U.S. Geological Survey
contactInfo: (CI_Contact)
address: (CI_Address)
deliveryPoint: 590 National Center
city: Reston
administrativeArea: VA
postalCode: 20192
role: (CI_RoleCode) publisher
citedResponsibleParty: (CI_ResponsibleParty)
organisationName: Standards Working Group, Federal Geographic Data Committee
role: (CI_RoleCode) originator
citedResponsibleParty: (CI_ResponsibleParty)
organisationName: (missing)
contactInfo: (CI_Contact)
onlineResource: (CI_OnlineResource)
linkage: https://www.fgdc.gov/standards/projects/FGDC-standards-projects/csdgm_rs_ex/MetadataRemoteSensingExtens.pdf
protocol: HTTPS
applicationProfile: Information
name: Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata: Extensions for Remote Sensing Metadata, FGDC-STD-012-2002
description: The purpose of this standard is to provide extensions to the Federal Geographic Data Committee (FGDC) Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata for describing geospatial data obtained from remote sensing.
function: (CI_OnLineFunctionCode) information
role: (inapplicable)
code: NOAA Level 2
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distributionInfo: (MD_Distribution)
distributor: (MD_Distributor)
distributorContact: (CI_ResponsibleParty)
organisationName: NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information
contactInfo: (CI_Contact)
address: (CI_Address)
electronicMailAddress: ncei.info@noaa.gov
onlineResource: (CI_OnlineResource)
linkage: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/contact
name: NCEI Contact Information
description: Information for contacts at NCEI.
function: (CI_OnLineFunctionCode) information
role: (CI_RoleCode) distributor
distributionOrderProcess: (MD_StandardOrderProcess)
fees: In most cases, electronic downloads of the data are free. However, fees may apply for custom orders, data certifications, copies of analog materials, and data distribution on physical media.
orderingInstructions: Contact NCEI for other distribution options and instructions.
distributorFormat: (MD_Format)
name: Native Binary
version: (missing)
fileDecompressionTechnique: Unix Zip (.Z), GNU zip (.gz), or Bzip2 compression, and tape archive (.tar) may be applied to data files retrieved from the NCEI archive.
distributorTransferOptions: (MD_DigitalTransferOptions)
onLine: (CI_OnlineResource)
linkage: https://doi.org/10.7289/V5W9574V
protocol: HTTPS
applicationProfile: Landing Page
name: NCEI Dataset Landing Page
description: Landing page for the dataset.
function: (CI_OnLineFunctionCode) information
distributorTransferOptions: (MD_DigitalTransferOptions)
onLine: (CI_OnlineResource)
linkage: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/products/radar/next-generation-weather-radar
protocol: HTTPS
applicationProfile: Information
name: NCEI NEXRAD page
description: Informational resources for NEXRAD Radar Data.
function: (CI_OnLineFunctionCode) information
distributorTransferOptions: (MD_DigitalTransferOptions)
onLine: (CI_OnlineResource)
linkage: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/search/data-search/weather-radar-level-ii
protocol: HTTPS
applicationProfile: Data Search Application
name: NCEI Data Search
description: Search the data archive to submit an order via the interface or download files if available.
function: (CI_OnLineFunctionCode) search
distributorTransferOptions: (MD_DigitalTransferOptions)
onLine: (CI_OnlineResource)
linkage: https://registry.opendata.aws/noaa-nexrad/
protocol: HTTPS
applicationProfile: Web Browser
name: NEXRAD on Amazon Web Service (AWS)
description: Amazon documentation for accessing the complete NEXRAD Level 2 archive on AWS S3 cloud storage.
function: (CI_OnLineFunctionCode) information
distributorTransferOptions: (MD_DigitalTransferOptions)
onLine: (CI_OnlineResource)
linkage: https://s3.amazonaws.com/noaa-nexrad-level2/index.html
protocol: HTTPS
applicationProfile: Download
name: AWS S3 Explorer
description: Browse the NEXRAD Level 2 archive via the AWS S3 Explorer.
function: (CI_OnLineFunctionCode) download
distributorTransferOptions: (MD_DigitalTransferOptions)
onLine: (CI_OnlineResource)
linkage: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/maps/radar/
protocol: HTTPS
applicationProfile: Map Search Application
name: NCEI GIS Map Viewer
description: Dynamic GIS mapping application to locate stations and data for selected layers.
function: (CI_OnLineFunctionCode) search
distributorTransferOptions: (MD_DigitalTransferOptions)
onLine: (CI_OnlineResource)
linkage: https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/nexradinv/
protocol: HTTPS
applicationProfile: Web Browser
name: NCEI NEXRAD Data Inventory Search
description: Search for radar data and estimated VCP mode by station ID, location, and date via a text-based interface.
function: (CI_OnLineFunctionCode) search
distributorTransferOptions: (MD_DigitalTransferOptions)
onLine: (CI_OnlineResource)
linkage: https://gis.ncdc.noaa.gov/arcgis/rest/services/cdo/nexrad/MapServer
protocol: HTTPS
applicationProfile: REST
name: NCEI NEXRAD Map Server
description: ArcGIS Server REST API for the dataset.
function: (CI_OnLineFunctionCode) download
distributorTransferOptions: (MD_DigitalTransferOptions)
onLine: (CI_OnlineResource)
linkage: https://gis.ncdc.noaa.gov/arcgis/services/cdo/nexrad/MapServer/WMSServer?request=GetCapabilities&service=WMS
protocol: HTTPS
applicationProfile: WMS
name: NCEI NEXRAD WMS
description: Web Map Service for the dataset.
function: (CI_OnLineFunctionCode) download
distributorTransferOptions: (MD_DigitalTransferOptions)
onLine: (CI_OnlineResource)
linkage: https://gis.ncdc.noaa.gov/arcgis/services/cdo/nexrad/MapServer/WFSServer?request=GetCapabilities&service=WFS
protocol: HTTPS
applicationProfile: WFS
name: NCEI NEXRAD WFS
description: Web Feature Service for the dataset.
function: (CI_OnLineFunctionCode) download
distributorTransferOptions: (MD_DigitalTransferOptions)
onLine: (CI_OnlineResource)
linkage: https://gis.ncdc.noaa.gov/kml/nexrad.kmz
protocol: HTTPS
applicationProfile: KML
name: KMZ file for dataset
description: Direct download link for KMZ file.
function: (CI_OnLineFunctionCode) download
distributorTransferOptions: (MD_DigitalTransferOptions)
onLine: (CI_OnlineResource)
linkage: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/products/radar/radar-display-conversion-tools
protocol: HTTPS
applicationProfile: Web Browser
name: NEXRAD Display and Conversion Tools
description: Information on free visualization, analysis, and decoding tools for the radar data format.
function: (CI_OnLineFunctionCode) information
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dataQualityInfo: (DQ_DataQuality)
scope: (DQ_Scope)
level: (MD_ScopeCode) dataset
lineage: (LI_Lineage)
statement: NEXRAD Level 2 data were collected by the NOAA National Weather Service (NWS) and are archived by the NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI).
processStep: (LE_ProcessStep)
description: Radar signals are processed to Level 2 data at radar sites.
dateTime: (unknown)
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dataQualityInfo: (DQ_DataQuality)
scope: (DQ_Scope)
level: (MD_ScopeCode) repository
levelDescription: (MD_ScopeDescription)
other: NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information
lineage: (LI_Lineage)
processStep: (LE_ProcessStep)
description: NOAA created the National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) by merging NOAA's National Climatic Data Center (NCDC), National Geophysical Data Center (NGDC), and National Oceanographic Data Center (NODC), including the National Coastal Data Development Center (NCDDC), per the Consolidated and Further Continuing Appropriations Act, 2015, Public Law 113-235. NCEI launched publicly on April 22, 2015.
dateTime:
DateTime: 2015-04-22T00:00:00
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dataQualityInfo: (DQ_DataQuality)
scope: (DQ_Scope)
level: (MD_ScopeCode) dataset
levelDescription: (MD_ScopeDescription)
other: Data Stewardship
report: (DQ_ConceptualConsistency)
nameOfMeasure: Data Stewardship Maturity Assessment
measureIdentification: (MD_Identifier)
code: MM-Stew
measureDescription: The Data Stewardship Maturity Matrix (DSMM) is a unified framework that defines criteria for each of nine components based on measurable practices, which can be used to apply a progressive, 6-level rating to an individual dataset, representing stewardship maturity stages rated as Not Assessed or Not Available (Level 0), adHoc (Level 1), minimum (Level 2), intermediate (Level 3), advanced (Level 4), and optimal (Level 5).
evaluationMethodDescription: Data Stewardship Maturity Assessment was evaluated by the metadata content editor for the NOAA OneStop project using the Scientific Data Stewardship Maturity Assessment Model Template v4.0.
evaluationProcedure: (CI_Citation)
title: The Scientific Data Stewardship Maturity Assessment Model Template
date: (CI_Date)
date: 2016-11-28
dateType: (CI_DateTypeCode) publication
edition: NCDC-CICS-SMM_0001_Rev.1 v4.0 11/28/2016
identifier: (MD_Identifier)
code:
Anchor: DOI link doi:10.10.6084/m9.figshare.1211954
citedResponsibleParty: (CI_ResponsibleParty)
individualName: Peng, Ge
organisationName: CICS-NC/NCEI
role: (CI_RoleCode) author
citedResponsibleParty: (CI_ResponsibleParty)
organisationName: (inapplicable)
contactInfo: (CI_Contact)
onlineResource: (CI_OnlineResource)
linkage: https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.1211954
protocol: HTTPS
applicationProfile: Web Browser
name: The Scientific Data Stewardship Maturity Assessment Model Template
description: Landing page for quality evaluation procedure.
function: (CI_OnLineFunctionCode) information
role: (inapplicable)
dateTime:
DateTime: 2016-11-28T00:00:00
result: (DQ_QuantitativeResult)
valueUnit: (inapplicable)
value:
Record:
CodeListValue: intermediate
value:
Record:
CodeListValue: optimal
value:
Record:
CodeListValue: intermediate
value:
Record:
CodeListValue: optimal
value:
Record:
CodeListValue: optimal
value:
Record:
CodeListValue: advanced
value:
Record:
CodeListValue: advanced
value:
Record:
CodeListValue: advanced
value:
Record:
CodeListValue: intermediate
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metadataMaintenance: (MD_MaintenanceInformation)
maintenanceAndUpdateFrequency: (MD_MaintenanceFrequencyCode) asNeeded
maintenanceNote: Bulk metadata change applied on 2023-06-23. See version control repository history for metadata change details.
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acquisitionInformation: (MI_AcquisitionInformation)
instrument: (MI_Instrument)
identifier: (MD_Identifier)
code: NEXRAD > NEXt Generation RADar
type: (missing)
operation: (MI_Operation)
identifier: (MD_Identifier)
code: NEXRAD > NEXt Generation Weather RADar
status: (missing)
parentOperation: (inapplicable)
platform: (MI_Platform)
identifier: (MD_Identifier)
code: National Weather Service
description: (missing)
instrument: (missing)
