NOAA Climate Data Record (CDR) of AVHRR Surface Reflectance, Version 4 (Version Superseded)
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title: NOAA Climate Data Record (CDR) of AVHRR Surface Reflectance, Version 4 (Version Superseded)
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abstract: *Note: This dataset version has been superseded by a newer version. It is highly recommended that users access the current version. Users should only use this version for special cases, such as reproducing studies that used this version.* This dataset contains gridded daily surface reflectance and brightness temperatures derived from the Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) sensors onboard eight NOAA polar orbiting satellites: NOAA-7, -9, -11, -14, -16, -17, -18 and -19. Surface reflectance from AVHRR channels 1 and 2 (at 640 and 860 nm) are a NOAA Climate Data Record (CDR). The dataset spans from 1981 to 10 days before the present, and was processed from the AVHRR Global Area Coverage (GAC) Level 1b dataset. AVHRR GAC observations are packaged into data arrays with latitude and longitude dimensions of 3600 x 7200 covering the globe at 0.05 degree spatial resolution. This dataset is one of the Land Surface CDR products produced by the NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC) and the University of Maryland (UMD). Other Land Surface CDR products include the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), Leaf Area Index (LAI) and Fraction of Absorbed Photosynthetically Active Radiation (FAPAR). Improvements made for Version 4 include 1) additional data from NOAA satellites extending the time period, 2) improved geolocation accuracy from use of OLE instead of TLE, 3) center of the grid is used as the reference, and 4) data value of a grid cell is computed as an average of available good observations. The dataset is in the netCDF-4 file format following ACDD and CF Conventions. The dataset is accompanied by algorithm documentation, data flow diagram and source code for the NOAA CDR Program.
purpose: This dataset provides scientific researchers a high quality Climate Data Record (CDR) of land surface reflectance. Surface Reflectance provides a measure of the fraction of incoming solar radiation that is reflected from Earth's surface in two spectral ranges of the Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) sensors: red (around 640 nm) and the near infrared (around 860 nm). As a key variable, Surface Reflectance supplies the primary input for essentially all higher-level land surface geophysical parameters. The Surface Reflectance CDR delivers valuable surface information dating back to 1981 as a daily product on a 0.05 degree by 0.05 degree grid.
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deliveryPoint: 151 Patton Avenue
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postalCode: 28801-5001
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keyword: Earth Science > Land Surface > Surface Radiative Properties > Reflectance
keyword: Earth Science > Spectral/Engineering > Infrared Wavelengths > Brightness Temperature
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keyword: Geographic Region > Global Land
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keyword: NOAA-7 > National Oceanic & Atmospheric Administration-7
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keyword: DOC/NOAA/NESDIS/NCEI > National Centers for Environmental Information, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce
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useLimitation: *Note: This dataset version has been superseded by a newer version. It is highly recommended that users access the current version. Users should only use this version for special cases, such as reproducing studies that used this version.*
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useLimitation: Data for some days in the CDR series may be missing for one or more of the following reasons: 1) input GAC data was not available, 2) the data day was found to contain significant geolocation residual error, or 3) noisy input data.
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useLimitation: The time variable in the data files has values that are too large by one (1) day. See the Technical Note.
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useLimitation: See the Algorithm Theoretical Basis Document (ATBD) for a description of this dataset's use limitations.
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otherConstraints: Cite as: Vermote, Eric; Justice, Chris; Csiszar, Ivan; Eidenshink, Jeff; Myneni, Ranga B.; Baret, Frederic; Masuoka, Ed; Wolfe, Robert E.; Claverie, Martin; NOAA CDR Program. (2014): NOAA Climate Data Record (CDR) of AVHRR Surface Reflectance, Version 4. [indicate subset used]. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information. https://doi.org/10.7289/V5TM782M. Accessed [date].
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otherConstraints: See the Use Agreement for this dataset available on the CDR page.
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otherConstraints: Distribution liability: NOAA and NCEI make no warranty, expressed or implied, regarding these data, nor does the fact of distribution constitute such a warranty. NOAA and NCEI cannot assume liability for any damages caused by any errors or omissions in these data. If appropriate, NCEI can only certify that the data it distributes are an authentic copy of the records that were accepted for inclusion in the NCEI archives.
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otherConstraints: Use liability: NOAA and NCEI cannot provide any warranty as to the accuracy, reliability, or completeness of furnished data. Users assume responsibility to determine the usability of these data. The user is responsible for the results of any application of this data for other than its intended purpose.
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citedResponsibleParty: (CI_ResponsibleParty)
organisationName: Roy, David
role: (CI_RoleCode) coAuthor
citedResponsibleParty: (CI_ResponsibleParty)
organisationName: Ju, Junchang
role: (CI_RoleCode) coAuthor
citedResponsibleParty: (CI_ResponsibleParty)
organisationName: Schaaf, Crystal
role: (CI_RoleCode) coAuthor
citedResponsibleParty: (CI_ResponsibleParty)
organisationName: Liu, Jicheng
role: (CI_RoleCode) coAuthor
citedResponsibleParty: (CI_ResponsibleParty)
organisationName: Privette, Jeffrey
role: (CI_RoleCode) coAuthor
citedResponsibleParty: (CI_ResponsibleParty)
organisationName: Pinheiro, Ana
role: (CI_RoleCode) coAuthor
citedResponsibleParty: (CI_ResponsibleParty)
organisationName: IEEE
role: (CI_RoleCode) publisher
citedResponsibleParty: (CI_ResponsibleParty)
organisationName: (missing)
contactInfo: (CI_Contact)
onlineResource: (CI_OnlineResource)
linkage: https://doi.org/10.1109/IGARSS.2007.4422974
protocol: HTTPS
applicationProfile: Web Browser
name: Conference proceeding published July 2007 by the IEEE
description: Pedelty, J., Devadiga, S., Masuoka, E., Brown, M., Pinzon, J., Tucker, C., … Pinheiro, A. (2007). Generating a long-term land data record from the AVHRR and MODIS Instruments. 2007 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium. IEEE. https://doi.org/10.1109/igarss.2007.4422974
function: (CI_OnLineFunctionCode) information
role: (missing)
associationType: (DS_AssociationTypeCode) crossReference
initiativeType: (DS_InitiativeTypeCode) sciencePaper
aggregationInfo: (MD_AggregateInformation)
aggregateDataSetName: (CI_Citation)
title: Other publications that cite this dataset
date: (missing)
citedResponsibleParty: (CI_ResponsibleParty)
organisationName: (missing)
contactInfo: (CI_Contact)
onlineResource: (CI_OnlineResource)
linkage: https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=10.7289/V5TM782M+OR+10.1109%2FIGARSS.2007.4422974
protocol: HTTPS
applicationProfile: Web Browser
name: Google Scholar search results
description: Search results for publications that cite this dataset by its DOI(s).
function: (CI_OnLineFunctionCode) information
role: (missing)
associationType: (DS_AssociationTypeCode) crossReference
initiativeType: (DS_InitiativeTypeCode) project
aggregationInfo: (MD_AggregateInformation)
aggregateDataSetName: (CI_Citation)
title: NOAA Climate Data Record (CDR) of Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), Version 4
date: (CI_Date)
date: 2014-05-21
dateType: (CI_DateTypeCode) publication
citedResponsibleParty: (CI_ResponsibleParty)
organisationName: NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information
role: (CI_RoleCode) publisher
citedResponsibleParty: (CI_ResponsibleParty)
organisationName: (missing)
contactInfo: (CI_Contact)
onlineResource: (CI_OnlineResource)
linkage: https://doi.org/10.7289/V5PZ56R6
protocol: HTTPS
applicationProfile: Web Browser
name: NCEI landing page for Normalized Difference Vegetation Index, Version 4
description: Related dataset landing page.
function: (CI_OnLineFunctionCode) information
role: (missing)
associationType: (DS_AssociationTypeCode) crossReference
initiativeType: (DS_InitiativeTypeCode) project
aggregationInfo: (MD_AggregateInformation)
aggregateDataSetName: (CI_Citation)
title: NOAA Climate Data Record (CDR) of Leaf Area Index (LAI) and Fraction of Absorbed Photosynthetically Active Radiation (FAPAR), Version 4
date: (CI_Date)
date: 2014-12-31
dateType: (CI_DateTypeCode) publication
citedResponsibleParty: (CI_ResponsibleParty)
organisationName: NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information
role: (CI_RoleCode) publisher
citedResponsibleParty: (CI_ResponsibleParty)
organisationName: (missing)
contactInfo: (CI_Contact)
onlineResource: (CI_OnlineResource)
linkage: https://doi.org/10.7289/V5M043BX
protocol: HTTPS
applicationProfile: Web Browser
name: NCEI landing page for Leaf Area Index and FAPAR, Version 4
description: Related dataset landing page.
function: (CI_OnLineFunctionCode) information
role: (missing)
associationType: (DS_AssociationTypeCode) crossReference
initiativeType: (DS_InitiativeTypeCode) project
spatialRepresentationType: (MD_SpatialRepresentationTypeCode) grid
language: eng; USA
topicCategory: (MD_TopicCategoryCode) climatologyMeteorologyAtmosphere
environmentDescription: The CDR code is run on an 8-core 2.5GHz 64-bit Xeon server, running CentOS Linux 5.9 x86_64. The code was compiled with C-compiler GCC 4.4.7. The main C-libraries were: HDF5 8.88, HDF 4.2r4, NetCDF 4.2, Zlib 1.2, szip. A full year of AVH09C1 and AVH13C1 products were processed in 3.5 days corersponding approximately to a 100x speed.
extent: (EX_Extent)
geographicElement: (EX_GeographicBoundingBox)
extentTypeCode: 1
westBoundLongitude: -180.0
eastBoundLongitude: 180.0
southBoundLatitude: -90.0
northBoundLatitude: 90.0
temporalElement: (EX_TemporalExtent)
extent:
TimePeriod:
description: ground condition
beginPosition: 1981-06-24
endPosition: 2019-07-11
timeInterval: 1
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contentInfo: (MI_CoverageDescription)
attributeDescription:
RecordType: AVHRR-Land_v004_AVH09C1_NOAA-XX_YYYYMMDD_cYYYYMMDDHHMMSS.nc
contentType: (MD_CoverageContentTypeCode) physicalMeasurement
dimension: (MD_Band)
sequenceIdentifier:
MemberName:
aName: latitude
attributeType:
TypeName:
aName: float
descriptor: latitude (latitude)
units: http://example.org/someUnitsDictionary.xml#degrees_north
dimension: (MD_Band)
sequenceIdentifier:
MemberName:
aName: longitude
attributeType:
TypeName:
aName: float
descriptor: longitude (longitude)
units: http://example.org/someUnitsDictionary.xml#degrees_east
dimension: (MD_Band)
sequenceIdentifier:
MemberName:
aName: time
attributeType:
TypeName:
aName: float
descriptor: time (time)
units: http://example.org/someUnitsDictionary.xml#days%20since%201981-01-01%2000%3A00%3A00
dimension: (MD_Band)
sequenceIdentifier:
MemberName:
aName: SREFL_CH1
attributeType:
TypeName:
aName: short
descriptor: NOAA Climate Data Record of Surface Reflectance at 640 nm (surface_bidirectional_reflectance)
units: http://example.org/someUnitsDictionary.xml#1
dimension: (MD_Band)
sequenceIdentifier:
MemberName:
aName: SREFL_CH2
attributeType:
TypeName:
aName: short
descriptor: NOAA Climate Data Record of Surface Reflectance at 860 nm (surface_bidirectional_reflectance)
units: http://example.org/someUnitsDictionary.xml#1
dimension: (MD_Band)
sequenceIdentifier:
MemberName:
aName: BT_CH3
attributeType:
TypeName:
aName: short
descriptor: Brightness Temperature at 3.75 microns (toa_brightness_temperature)
units: http://example.org/someUnitsDictionary.xml#Kelvin
dimension: (MD_Band)
sequenceIdentifier:
MemberName:
aName: BT_CH4
attributeType:
TypeName:
aName: short
descriptor: Brightness Temperature at 11.0 microns (toa_brightness_temperature)
units: http://example.org/someUnitsDictionary.xml#Kelvin
dimension: (MD_Band)
sequenceIdentifier:
MemberName:
aName: BT_CH5
attributeType:
TypeName:
aName: short
descriptor: Brightness Temperature at 12.0 microns (toa_brightness_temperature)
units: http://example.org/someUnitsDictionary.xml#Kelvin
dimension: (MD_Band)
sequenceIdentifier:
MemberName:
aName: SREFL_CH3
attributeType:
TypeName:
aName: short
descriptor: Surface Reflectance at 3.75 microns
units: http://example.org/someUnitsDictionary.xml#1
dimension: (MD_Band)
sequenceIdentifier:
MemberName:
aName: SZEN
attributeType:
TypeName:
aName: short
descriptor: Solar Zenith Angle (solar_zenith_angle)
units: http://example.org/someUnitsDictionary.xml#degrees
dimension: (MD_Band)
sequenceIdentifier:
MemberName:
aName: VZEN
attributeType:
TypeName:
aName: short
descriptor: View Zenith Angle (sensor_zenith_angle)
units: http://example.org/someUnitsDictionary.xml#degrees
dimension: (MD_Band)
sequenceIdentifier:
MemberName:
aName: RELAZ
attributeType:
TypeName:
aName: short
descriptor: Relative Azimuth (relative_sensor_azimuth_angle)
units: http://example.org/someUnitsDictionary.xml#degrees
dimension: (MD_Band)
sequenceIdentifier:
MemberName:
aName: TIMEOFDAY
attributeType:
TypeName:
aName: short
descriptor: Time since Start of Data Day
units: http://example.org/someUnitsDictionary.xml#h%20since%202010-01-05%2000%3A00%3A00
dimension: (MD_Band)
sequenceIdentifier:
MemberName:
aName: QA
attributeType:
TypeName:
aName: short
descriptor: Quality Control
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distributionInfo: (MD_Distribution)
distributor: (MD_Distributor)
distributorContact: (CI_ResponsibleParty)
organisationName: NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information
contactInfo: (CI_Contact)
address: (CI_Address)
electronicMailAddress: ncei.info@noaa.gov
onlineResource: (CI_OnlineResource)
linkage: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/contact
name: NCEI Contact Information
description: Information for contacts at NCEI.
function: (CI_OnLineFunctionCode) information
role: (CI_RoleCode) distributor
distributionOrderProcess: (MD_StandardOrderProcess)
fees: In most cases, electronic downloads of the data are free. However, fees may apply for custom orders, data certifications, copies of analog materials, and data distribution on physical media.
orderingInstructions: Contact NCEI for other distribution options and instructions.
distributorFormat: (MD_Format)
name: NetCDF
version: 4
specification: The NetCDF data files comply with the Climate and Forecast (CF) Metadata Conventions and the NetCDF Attribute Convention for Dataset Discovery (ACDD).
distributorTransferOptions: (MD_DigitalTransferOptions)
onLine: (CI_OnlineResource)
linkage: https://doi.org/10.7289/V5TM782M
protocol: HTTPS
applicationProfile: Landing Page
name: NCEI Dataset Landing Page
description: Landing page for the dataset.
function: (CI_OnLineFunctionCode) information
distributorTransferOptions: (MD_DigitalTransferOptions)
onLine: (CI_OnlineResource)
linkage: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/contact
protocol: HTTPS
applicationProfile: Web Browser
name: Contact NCEI
description: Contact NCEI for more information and to request access to the archived data. Requests are subject to NCEI order fulfillment constraints.
function: (CI_OnLineFunctionCode) offline
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dataQualityInfo: (DQ_DataQuality)
scope: (DQ_Scope)
level: (MD_ScopeCode)
extent: #boundingExtent
lineage: (LI_Lineage)
statement: This dataset was produced by the NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC) and the University of Maryland (UMD), and is archived at the NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI).
processStep: (LE_ProcessStep)
description: For a description of the processing steps, see the Algorithm Theoretical Basis Document and the Data Flow Diagram for this dataset.
processor: (CI_ResponsibleParty)
organisationName: NASA Goddard Space Flight Center
role: (CI_RoleCode) processor
processor: (CI_ResponsibleParty)
organisationName: University of Maryland
role: (CI_RoleCode) processor
source: sd001
source: sd002
source: sd003
source: sd004
source: sd005
source: sd006
source: sd007
source: sd008
processingInformation: (LE_Processing)
identifier: (MD_Identifier)
code: CDR Version 4
softwareReference: (CI_Citation)
title: AVHRR Surface Reflectance Source Code
date: (CI_Date)
date: 2014
dateType: (CI_DateTypeCode) publication
citedResponsibleParty: (CI_ResponsibleParty)
organisationName: NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information
role: (CI_RoleCode) publisher
documentation: (CI_Citation)
title: Flowcharts Vegetation CDR
date: (CI_Date)
date: 2013
dateType: (CI_DateTypeCode) publication
citedResponsibleParty: (CI_ResponsibleParty)
organisationName: NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information
role: (CI_RoleCode) publisher
algorithm: (LE_Algorithm)
citation: (CI_Citation)
title: Climate Algorithm Theoretical Basis Document (C-ATBD)
date: (CI_Date)
date: 2013
dateType: (CI_DateTypeCode) publication
citedResponsibleParty: (CI_ResponsibleParty)
organisationName: NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information
role: (CI_RoleCode) publisher
description: See Algorithm Citation
source: (LE_Source)
description: (missing)
sourceCitation: (CI_Citation)
title: NOAA AVHRR Global Area Coverage (GAC) Level 1b dataset
date: (missing)
citedResponsibleParty: (CI_ResponsibleParty)
organisationName: (missing)
role: (missing)
sourceStep: ps001
source: (LE_Source)
description: (missing)
sourceCitation: (CI_Citation)
title: Navy One Line Element (OLE)
date: (missing)
citedResponsibleParty: (CI_ResponsibleParty)
organisationName: (missing)
role: (missing)
sourceStep: ps001
source: (LE_Source)
description: (missing)
sourceCitation: (CI_Citation)
title: Clock correction table and Vicarious Calibration LUT
date: (missing)
citedResponsibleParty: (CI_ResponsibleParty)
organisationName: (missing)
role: (missing)
sourceStep: ps001
source: (LE_Source)
description: (missing)
sourceCitation: (CI_Citation)
title: TOMS ozone data (39 km x 39 km at nadir)
date: (missing)
citedResponsibleParty: (CI_ResponsibleParty)
organisationName: (missing)
role: (missing)
sourceStep: ps001
source: (LE_Source)
description: (missing)
sourceCitation: (CI_Citation)
title: NCEP Reanalysis water vapor (0.5 degree)
date: (missing)
citedResponsibleParty: (CI_ResponsibleParty)
organisationName: (missing)
role: (missing)
sourceStep: ps001
source: (LE_Source)
description: (missing)
sourceCitation: (CI_Citation)
title: Stratospheric and Tropospheric Aerosol Climatology
date: (missing)
citedResponsibleParty: (CI_ResponsibleParty)
organisationName: (missing)
role: (missing)
sourceStep: ps001
source: (LE_Source)
description: (missing)
sourceCitation: (CI_Citation)
title: USGS digital elevation model (DEM) (0.05 degree)
date: (missing)
citedResponsibleParty: (CI_ResponsibleParty)
organisationName: (missing)
role: (missing)
sourceStep: ps001
source: (LE_Source)
description: (missing)
sourceCitation: (CI_Citation)
title: MODIS land/water mask, BRDF database, and BRDF-corrected reflectance climatology (0.05 degree)
date: (missing)
citedResponsibleParty: (CI_ResponsibleParty)
organisationName: (missing)
role: (missing)
sourceStep: ps001
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dataQualityInfo: (DQ_DataQuality)
scope: (DQ_Scope)
level: (MD_ScopeCode) repository
levelDescription: (MD_ScopeDescription)
other: NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information
lineage: (LI_Lineage)
processStep: (LE_ProcessStep)
description: NOAA created the National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) by merging NOAA's National Climatic Data Center (NCDC), National Geophysical Data Center (NGDC), and National Oceanographic Data Center (NODC), including the National Coastal Data Development Center (NCDDC), per the Consolidated and Further Continuing Appropriations Act, 2015, Public Law 113-235. NCEI launched publicly on April 22, 2015.
dateTime:
DateTime: 2015-04-22T00:00:00
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dataQualityInfo: (DQ_DataQuality)
scope: (DQ_Scope)
level: (MD_ScopeCode) dataset
levelDescription: (MD_ScopeDescription)
other: Data Stewardship
report: (DQ_ConceptualConsistency)
nameOfMeasure: Data Stewardship Maturity Assessment
measureIdentification: (MD_Identifier)
code: MM-Stew
measureDescription: The Data Stewardship Maturity Matrix (DSMM) is a unified framework that defines criteria for each of nine components based on measurable practices, which can be used to apply a progressive, 6-level rating to an individual dataset, representing stewardship maturity stages rated as Not Assessed or Not Available (Level 0), adHoc (Level 1), minimum (Level 2), intermediate (Level 3), advanced (Level 4), and optimal (Level 5).
evaluationMethodDescription: Data Stewardship Maturity Assessment was evaluated by the metadata content editor for the NOAA OneStop project using the Scientific Data Stewardship Maturity Assessment Model Template v4.0.
evaluationProcedure: (CI_Citation)
title: The Scientific Data Stewardship Maturity Assessment Model Template
date: (CI_Date)
date: 2016-06-27
dateType: (CI_DateTypeCode) publication
edition: NCDC-CICS-SMM_0001_Rev.1 v4.0 06/27/2016
identifier: (MD_Identifier)
code:
Anchor: DOI link doi:10.10.6084/m9.figshare.1211954
citedResponsibleParty: (CI_ResponsibleParty)
individualName: Peng, Ge
organisationName: CICS-NC/NCEI
role: (CI_RoleCode) author
citedResponsibleParty: (CI_ResponsibleParty)
organisationName: (inapplicable)
contactInfo: (CI_Contact)
onlineResource: (CI_OnlineResource)
linkage: https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.1211954
protocol: HTTPS
applicationProfile: Web Browser
name: The Scientific Data Stewardship Maturity Assessment Model Template
description: Landing page for quality evaluation procedure.
function: (CI_OnLineFunctionCode) information
role: (inapplicable)
dateTime:
DateTime: 2016-06-27T00:00:00
result: (DQ_QuantitativeResult)
valueUnit: (inapplicable)
value:
Record:
CodeListValue: intermediate
value:
Record:
CodeListValue: minimal
value:
Record:
CodeListValue: minimal
value:
Record:
CodeListValue: advanced
value:
Record:
CodeListValue: intermediate
value:
Record:
CodeListValue: advanced
value:
Record:
CodeListValue: intermediate
value:
Record:
CodeListValue: advanced
value:
Record:
CodeListValue: advanced
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metadataMaintenance: (MD_MaintenanceInformation)
maintenanceAndUpdateFrequency: (MD_MaintenanceFrequencyCode) asNeeded
maintenanceNote: Bulk metadata change applied on 2023-06-23. See version control repository history for metadata change details.
