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Historical Land-Cover Change and Land-Use Conversions Global Dataset


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            title:  Historical Land-Cover Change and Land-Use Conversions Global Dataset
            alternateTitle:  Land-Cover
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                date:  2012-09-06
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                code:  NCEI DSI 9821_01
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        abstract:  A set of three estimates of land-cover types and annual transformations of land use are provided on a global 0.5 x0.5 degree lat/lon grid at annual time steps. The longest of the three estimates spans 1770-2010. The dataset presented here takes into account land-cover change due to four major land-use/management activities: (1) cropland expansion and abandonment, (2) pastureland expansion and abandonment, (3) urbanization, and (4) secondary forest regrowth due to wood harvest. Due to uncertainties associated with estimating historical agricultural (crops and pastures) land use, the study uses three widely accepted global reconstruction of cropland and pastureland in combination with common wood harvest and urban land data set to provide three distinct estimates of historical land-cover change and underlying land-use conversions. Hence, these distinct historical reconstructions offer a wide range of plausible regional estimates of uncertainty and extent to which different ecosystem have undergone changes. The three estimates use a consistent methodology, and start with a common land-cover map during pre-industrial conditions (year 1765), taking different courses as determined by the land-use/management datasets (cropland, pastureland, urbanization and wood harvest) to attain forest area distributions close to satellite estimates of forests for contemporary period. The satellite based estimates of forest area are based on MODIS sensor. All data uses the WGS84 spatial coordinate system for mapping.
        purpose:  This dataset was developed to understand the consequences of historical changes in land use and land cover for ecosystem goods and services. In particular, the data sets can be used to study how global land-cover changes have influenced climate, biogeochemical cycles, water cycle, biodiversity, etc. This data set can be used directly within spatially-explicit climate and biogeochemical models. The data are unique by providing a complete reconstruction of the past, and, in terms of details in land-cover types and methodology, are also relatively flexible to implement in other models. The dataset provides new avenues for climate models to study how uncertainties in historical land-cover change translate into uncertainties in quantifying its impacts on environmental variables of interest.
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            individualName:  Prasanth Meiyappan
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            otherConstraints:  Distribution liability: NOAA and NCEI make no warranty, expressed or implied, regarding these data, nor does the fact of distribution constitute such a warranty. NOAA and NCEI cannot assume liability for any damages caused by any errors or omissions in these data. If appropriate, NCEI can only certify that the data it distributes are an authentic copy of the records that were accepted for inclusion in the NCEI archives.
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                            name:  Farming the planet: 1. Geographic distribution of global agricultural lands in the year 2000
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                title:  The HYDE 3.1 spatially explicit database of human-induced land-use change over the past 12,000 years
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                title:  Carbon flux to the atmosphere from land use changes: 1850-2005. In: A Compendium of Data on Global Change.
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                            name:  Carbon flux to the atmosphere from land use changes: 1850-2005. In: A Compendium of Data on Global Change.
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                title:  Three distinct global estimates of historical land-cover change and land-use conversions for over 200 years
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                title:  CO₂ emissions from land-use change affected more by nitrogen cycle than by the choice of land-cover data
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                citedResponsibleParty:  (CI_ResponsibleParty)
                    organisationName: (missing)
                    contactInfo:  (CI_Contact)
                        onlineResource:  (CI_OnlineResource)
                            linkage: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/gcb.12207/abstract
                            applicationProfile:  Web Browser
                            name:  CO₂ emissions from land-use change affected more by nitrogen cycle than by the choice of land-cover data
                            description:  Science paper with more information about the science and production of the dataset.
                            function:  (CI_OnLineFunctionCode) information
                    role: (missing)
            aggregateDataSetIdentifier:  (MD_Identifier)
                code:  DOI: 10.1111/gcb.12207
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            initiativeType:  (DS_InitiativeTypeCode) sciencePaper
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        spatialResolution:  (MD_Resolution)
            distance:
              Distance:  50000
        language:  eng; USA
        topicCategory:  (MD_TopicCategoryCode) imageryBaseMapsEarthCover
        topicCategory:  (MD_TopicCategoryCode) farming
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                westBoundLongitude:  -180.0
                eastBoundLongitude:  180.0
                southBoundLatitude:  -90.0
                northBoundLatitude:  90.0
            temporalElement:  (EX_TemporalExtent)
                extent:
                  TimePeriod:
                    description:  ground condition
                    beginPosition:  1770-01-01
                    endPosition:  2010-12-31
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    distributionInfo:  (MD_Distribution)
        distributor:  (MD_Distributor)
            distributorContact:  (CI_ResponsibleParty)
                organisationName:  NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information
                contactInfo:  (CI_Contact)
                    address:  (CI_Address)
                        electronicMailAddress:  ncei.info@noaa.gov
                    onlineResource:  (CI_OnlineResource)
                        linkage: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/contact
                        name:  NCEI Contact Information
                        description:  Information for contacts at NCEI.
                        function:  (CI_OnLineFunctionCode) information
                role:  (CI_RoleCode) distributor
            distributionOrderProcess:  (MD_StandardOrderProcess)
                fees:  In most cases, electronic downloads of the data are free. However, fees may apply for custom orders, data certifications, copies of analog materials, and data distribution on physical media.
                orderingInstructions:  Contact NCEI for other distribution options and instructions.
            distributorFormat:  (MD_Format)
                name:  XML
                version: (missing)
            distributorFormat:  (MD_Format)
                name:  netCDF-3
                version: (missing)
                specification:
                fileDecompressionTechnique:
            distributorFormat:  (MD_Format)
                name:  netCDF-3
                version: (missing)
                specification:
                fileDecompressionTechnique:
            distributorTransferOptions:  (MD_DigitalTransferOptions)
                onLine:  (CI_OnlineResource)
                    linkage: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/metadata/geoportal/rest/metadata/item/gov.noaa.ncdc:C00814/html
                    protocol:  HTTPS
                    applicationProfile:  Landing Page
                    name:  NCEI Dataset Landing Page
                    description:  Landing page for the dataset.
                    function:  (CI_OnLineFunctionCode) information
            distributorTransferOptions:  (MD_DigitalTransferOptions)
                transferSize:
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                onLine:  (CI_OnlineResource)
                    linkage: ftp://eclipse.ncdc.noaa.gov/san2/landcover/
                    applicationProfile:  Download
                    name:  FTP Download for the Historical Land-Cover Change and Land-Use Dataset
                    description:  Direct download of netCDF files using FTP
                    function:  (CI_OnLineFunctionCode) download
            distributorTransferOptions:  (MD_DigitalTransferOptions)
                transferSize:
                  Real:  50
                onLine:  (CI_OnlineResource)
                    linkage: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/thredds/satellite/landcover.html
                    protocol:  HTTPS
                    applicationProfile:  THREDDS
                    name:  THREDDS catalog server
                    description:  Download the Historical Land-Cover Change and Land-Use Dataset using THREDDS catalog and subsetting service
                    function:  (CI_OnLineFunctionCode) download
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    dataQualityInfo:  (DQ_DataQuality)
        scope:  (DQ_Scope)
            level:  (MD_ScopeCode)
            extent:  #boundingExtent
        lineage:  (LI_Lineage)
            statement:  Data were researched and produced by University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign's Department of Atmospheric Sciences.
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    dataQualityInfo:  (DQ_DataQuality)
        scope:  (DQ_Scope)
            level:  (MD_ScopeCode) repository
            levelDescription:  (MD_ScopeDescription)
                other:  NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information
        lineage:  (LI_Lineage)
            processStep:  (LE_ProcessStep)
                description:  NOAA created the National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) by merging NOAA's National Climatic Data Center (NCDC), National Geophysical Data Center (NGDC), and National Oceanographic Data Center (NODC), including the National Coastal Data Development Center (NCDDC), per the Consolidated and Further Continuing Appropriations Act, 2015, Public Law 113-235. NCEI launched publicly on April 22, 2015.
                dateTime:
                  DateTime:  2015-04-22T00:00:00
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    metadataMaintenance:  (MD_MaintenanceInformation)
        maintenanceAndUpdateFrequency:  (MD_MaintenanceFrequencyCode) asNeeded
        maintenanceNote:  Bulk metadata change applied on 2023-06-23. See version control repository history for metadata change details.