Surface Weather, Signal Service and Weather Bureau
- identificationInfo
- distributionInfo
- dataQualityInfo
- dataQualityInfo
- metadataMaintenance
- acquisitionInformation
(MI_Metadata)
fileIdentifier: gov.noaa.ncdc:C01214
language: eng; USA
characterSet: (MD_CharacterSetCode) utf8
hierarchyLevel: (MD_ScopeCode) dataset
contact: (CI_ResponsibleParty)
organisationName: NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information
contactInfo: (CI_Contact)
address: (CI_Address)
electronicMailAddress: ncei.info@noaa.gov
onlineResource: (CI_OnlineResource)
linkage: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/contact
name: NCEI Contact Information
description: Information for contacts at NCEI.
function: (CI_OnLineFunctionCode) information
role: (CI_RoleCode) pointOfContact
dateStamp: 2023-09-08
metadataStandardName: ISO 19115-2 Geographic Information - Metadata - Part 2: Extensions for Imagery and Gridded Data
metadataStandardVersion: ISO 19115-2:2009(E)
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identificationInfo: (MD_DataIdentification)
citation: (CI_Citation)
title: Surface Weather, Signal Service and Weather Bureau
date: (CI_Date)
date: 2011
dateType: (CI_DateTypeCode) publication
identifier: (MD_Identifier)
code: NCEI Physical Archive Collection: SWSSWB
identifier: (MD_Identifier)
code: gov.noaa.ncdc:C01214
citedResponsibleParty: (CI_ResponsibleParty)
organisationName: DOC/NOAA/NESDIS/NCEI > National Centers for Environmental Information, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce
role: (CI_RoleCode) publisher
citedResponsibleParty: (CI_ResponsibleParty)
organisationName: United States Army Signal Service
role: (CI_RoleCode) originator
citedResponsibleParty: (CI_ResponsibleParty)
organisationName: United States Army Signal Service
role: (CI_RoleCode) author
citedResponsibleParty: (CI_ResponsibleParty)
organisationName: United States Weather Bureau
role: (CI_RoleCode) originator
citedResponsibleParty: (CI_ResponsibleParty)
organisationName: United States Weather Bureau
role: (CI_RoleCode) author
presentationForm: (CI_PresentationFormCode) imageHardcopy
abstract: Surface Weather, Signal Service and Weather Bureau (SWSSWB) Records primarily created by the United States Army Signal Service from 1819 until the paid and voluntary stations transitioned to the Weather Bureau in the early 1890s. The collection also includes publications of the Signal Service and independent observations collected by the Signal Service during the same time period. This collection differs from the Forts collection in that records were collated by NOAA rather than the National Archives. The bulk of the collection falls in the US Army Signal Service era between 1817 and the early 1890s. However, some record types carry over into the Weather Bureau era.
purpose: Systematically captured climate observations from the nineteenth century extend the climate record for the United States.
status: (MD_ProgressCode) historicalArchive
pointOfContact: (CI_ResponsibleParty)
organisationName: NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information
positionName: Customer Engagement Branch
contactInfo: (CI_Contact)
phone: (CI_Telephone)
voice: 1-828-271-4800
facsimile: 1-828-271-4876
address: (CI_Address)
deliveryPoint: 151 Patton Avenue
deliveryPoint: Veach-Baley Federal Building, Room 468
city: Asheville
administrativeArea: NC
postalCode: 28801-5001
country: USA
electronicMailAddress: ncei.orders@noaa.gov
onlineResource: (CI_OnlineResource)
linkage: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov
protocol: HTTPS
applicationProfile: Web Browser
name: NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI)
description: NCEI home page with information, data access and contact information.
function: (CI_OnLineFunctionCode) information
hoursOfService: 8:00 - 6:00 Eastern
role: (CI_RoleCode) pointOfContact
resourceMaintenance: (MD_MaintenanceInformation)
maintenanceAndUpdateFrequency: (MD_MaintenanceFrequencyCode) notPlanned
graphicOverview: (MD_BrowseGraphic)
fileName: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/metadata/images/C01214_SWSSWB.jpg
fileDescription: Browse image
fileType: JPEG
descriptiveKeywords: (MD_Keywords)
keyword: Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Pressure > Anticyclones/Cyclones
keyword: Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Pressure > Pressure Anomalies
keyword: Earth Science > Atmosphere > Precipitation > Solid Precipitation > Hail
keyword: Earth Science > Atmosphere > Precipitation > Precipitation Amount
keyword: Earth Science > Atmosphere > Precipitation > Precipitation Anomalies
keyword: Earth Science > Atmosphere > Precipitation > Precipitation Rate
keyword: Earth Science > Atmosphere > Precipitation > Liquid Precipitation > Rain
keyword: Earth Science > Atmosphere > Precipitation > Solid Precipitation > Ice Pellets > Sleet
keyword: Earth Science > Atmosphere > Precipitation > Solid Precipitation > Snow
keyword: Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Temperature > Surface Temperature > Air Temperature
keyword: Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Temperature > Surface Temperature > Maximum/Minimum Temperature
keyword: Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Temperature > Surface Temperature
keyword: Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Temperature > Surface Temperature > Temperature Anomalies
keyword: Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Winds > Surface Winds
type: (MD_KeywordTypeCode) theme
thesaurusName: (CI_Citation)
title: Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Science Keywords
date: (CI_Date)
date: 2018
dateType: (CI_DateTypeCode) revision
edition: Version 8.6
citedResponsibleParty: (CI_ResponsibleParty)
organisationName: Global Change Data Center, Science and Exploration Directorate, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC) National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)
contactInfo: (CI_Contact)
onlineResource: (CI_OnlineResource)
linkage: https://earthdata.nasa.gov/about/gcmd/global-change-master-directory-gcmd-keywords
protocol: HTTPS
applicationProfile: Web Browser
name: Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Keywords
description: The information provided on this page seeks to define how the GCMD Keywords are structured, used and accessed. It also provides information on how users can participate in the further development of the keywords.
function: (CI_OnLineFunctionCode) information
role: (CI_RoleCode) publisher
descriptiveKeywords: (MD_Keywords)
keyword: Atmospheric - Surface - Air Temperature
keyword: Atmospheric - Surface - Precipitation
keyword: Atmospheric - Surface - Air Pressure
keyword: Atmospheric - Surface - Wind Speed And Direction
keyword: Atmospheric - Upper-air - Cloud Properties
type: (MD_KeywordTypeCode) theme
thesaurusName: (CI_Citation)
title: Global Climate Observing System (GCOS) Essential Climate Variables (ECVs)
date: (CI_Date)
date: 2017
dateType: (CI_DateTypeCode) publication
edition: Release 2017
citedResponsibleParty: (CI_ResponsibleParty)
organisationName: World Meteorological Organization, United Nations
contactInfo: (CI_Contact)
onlineResource: (CI_OnlineResource)
linkage: https://public.wmo.int/en/programmes/global-climate-observing-system/essential-climate-variables
protocol: HTTP
applicationProfile: Information
name: GCOS Essential Climate Variables
description: Overview of the GCOS Essential Climate Variables.
function: (CI_OnLineFunctionCode) information
role: (CI_RoleCode) custodian
descriptiveKeywords: (MD_Keywords)
keyword: Continent > North America > United States Of America
type: (MD_KeywordTypeCode) place
thesaurusName: (CI_Citation)
title: Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Location Keywords
date: (CI_Date)
date: 2018
dateType: (CI_DateTypeCode) revision
edition: Version 8.6
citedResponsibleParty: (CI_ResponsibleParty)
organisationName: Global Change Data Center, Science and Exploration Directorate, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC) National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)
contactInfo: (CI_Contact)
onlineResource: (CI_OnlineResource)
linkage: https://earthdata.nasa.gov/about/gcmd/global-change-master-directory-gcmd-keywords
protocol: HTTPS
applicationProfile: Web Browser
name: Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Keywords
description: The information provided on this page seeks to define how the GCMD Keywords are structured, used and accessed. It also provides information on how users can participate in the further development of the keywords.
function: (CI_OnLineFunctionCode) information
role: (CI_RoleCode) publisher
descriptiveKeywords: (MD_Keywords)
keyword: Vertical Location > Land Surface
type: (MD_KeywordTypeCode) stratum
thesaurusName: (CI_Citation)
title: Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Location Keywords
date: (CI_Date)
date: 2018
dateType: (CI_DateTypeCode) revision
edition: Version 8.6
citedResponsibleParty: (CI_ResponsibleParty)
organisationName: Global Change Data Center, Science and Exploration Directorate, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC) National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)
contactInfo: (CI_Contact)
onlineResource: (CI_OnlineResource)
linkage: https://earthdata.nasa.gov/about/gcmd/global-change-master-directory-gcmd-keywords
protocol: HTTPS
applicationProfile: Web Browser
name: Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Keywords
description: The information provided on this page seeks to define how the GCMD Keywords are structured, used and accessed. It also provides information on how users can participate in the further development of the keywords.
function: (CI_OnLineFunctionCode) information
role: (CI_RoleCode) publisher
descriptiveKeywords: (MD_Keywords)
keyword: Thermometers
keyword: Wind Vanes
keyword: Rain Gauges
keyword: Barometers
keyword: Visual Observations
type: (MD_KeywordTypeCode) instrument
thesaurusName: (CI_Citation)
title: Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Instrument Keywords
date: (CI_Date)
date: 2018
dateType: (CI_DateTypeCode) revision
edition: Version 8.6
citedResponsibleParty: (CI_ResponsibleParty)
organisationName: Global Change Data Center, Science and Exploration Directorate, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC) National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)
contactInfo: (CI_Contact)
onlineResource: (CI_OnlineResource)
linkage: https://earthdata.nasa.gov/about/gcmd/global-change-master-directory-gcmd-keywords
protocol: HTTPS
applicationProfile: Web Browser
name: Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Keywords
description: The information provided on this page seeks to define how the GCMD Keywords are structured, used and accessed. It also provides information on how users can participate in the further development of the keywords.
function: (CI_OnLineFunctionCode) information
role: (CI_RoleCode) publisher
descriptiveKeywords: (MD_Keywords)
keyword: Meteorological Stations
type: (MD_KeywordTypeCode) platform
thesaurusName: (CI_Citation)
title: Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Platform Keywords
date: (CI_Date)
date: 2018
dateType: (CI_DateTypeCode) revision
edition: Version 8.6
citedResponsibleParty: (CI_ResponsibleParty)
organisationName: Global Change Data Center, Science and Exploration Directorate, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC) National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)
contactInfo: (CI_Contact)
onlineResource: (CI_OnlineResource)
linkage: https://earthdata.nasa.gov/about/gcmd/global-change-master-directory-gcmd-keywords
protocol: HTTPS
applicationProfile: Web Browser
name: Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Keywords
description: The information provided on this page seeks to define how the GCMD Keywords are structured, used and accessed. It also provides information on how users can participate in the further development of the keywords.
function: (CI_OnLineFunctionCode) information
role: (CI_RoleCode) publisher
descriptiveKeywords: (MD_Keywords)
keyword: Point Resolution
type: (MD_KeywordTypeCode) dataResolution
thesaurusName: (CI_Citation)
title: Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Horizontal Data Resolution Keywords
date: (CI_Date)
date: 2018
dateType: (CI_DateTypeCode) revision
edition: Version 8.6
citedResponsibleParty: (CI_ResponsibleParty)
organisationName: Global Change Data Center, Science and Exploration Directorate, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC) National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)
contactInfo: (CI_Contact)
onlineResource: (CI_OnlineResource)
linkage: https://earthdata.nasa.gov/about/gcmd/global-change-master-directory-gcmd-keywords
protocol: HTTPS
applicationProfile: Web Browser
name: Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Keywords
description: The information provided on this page seeks to define how the GCMD Keywords are structured, used and accessed. It also provides information on how users can participate in the further development of the keywords.
function: (CI_OnLineFunctionCode) information
role: (CI_RoleCode) publisher
descriptiveKeywords: (MD_Keywords)
keyword: Point Resolution
type: (MD_KeywordTypeCode) dataResolution
thesaurusName: (CI_Citation)
title: Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Vertical Data Resolution Keywords
date: (CI_Date)
date: 2018
dateType: (CI_DateTypeCode) revision
edition: Version 8.6
citedResponsibleParty: (CI_ResponsibleParty)
organisationName: Global Change Data Center, Science and Exploration Directorate, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC) National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)
contactInfo: (CI_Contact)
onlineResource: (CI_OnlineResource)
linkage: https://earthdata.nasa.gov/about/gcmd/global-change-master-directory-gcmd-keywords
protocol: HTTPS
applicationProfile: Web Browser
name: Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Keywords
description: The information provided on this page seeks to define how the GCMD Keywords are structured, used and accessed. It also provides information on how users can participate in the further development of the keywords.
function: (CI_OnLineFunctionCode) information
role: (CI_RoleCode) publisher
descriptiveKeywords: (MD_Keywords)
keyword: DOC/NOAA/NESDIS/NCDC > National Climatic Data Center, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce
keyword: DOC/NOAA/NESDIS/NCEI > National Centers for Environmental Information, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce
type: (MD_KeywordTypeCode) dataCentre
thesaurusName: (CI_Citation)
title: Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Data Center Keywords
date: (CI_Date)
date: 2018
dateType: (CI_DateTypeCode) revision
edition: Version 8.6
citedResponsibleParty: (CI_ResponsibleParty)
organisationName: Global Change Data Center, Science and Exploration Directorate, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC) National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)
contactInfo: (CI_Contact)
onlineResource: (CI_OnlineResource)
linkage: https://earthdata.nasa.gov/about/gcmd/global-change-master-directory-gcmd-keywords
protocol: HTTPS
applicationProfile: Web Browser
name: Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Keywords
description: The information provided on this page seeks to define how the GCMD Keywords are structured, used and accessed. It also provides information on how users can participate in the further development of the keywords.
function: (CI_OnLineFunctionCode) information
role: (CI_RoleCode) publisher
resourceConstraints: (MD_LegalConstraints)
useConstraints: (MD_RestrictionCode) otherRestrictions
otherConstraints: Cite this dataset when used as a source.
resourceConstraints: (MD_LegalConstraints)
accessConstraints: (MD_RestrictionCode) otherRestrictions
otherConstraints: Distribution liability: NOAA and NCEI make no warranty, expressed or implied, regarding these data, nor does the fact of distribution constitute such a warranty. NOAA and NCEI cannot assume liability for any damages caused by any errors or omissions in these data. If appropriate, NCEI can only certify that the data it distributes are an authentic copy of the records that were accepted for inclusion in the NCEI archives.
resourceConstraints: (MD_LegalConstraints)
useConstraints: (MD_RestrictionCode) otherRestrictions
otherConstraints: Use liability: NOAA and NCEI cannot provide any warranty as to the accuracy, reliability, or completeness of furnished data. Users assume responsibility to determine the usability of these data. The user is responsible for the results of any application of this data for other than its intended purpose.
aggregationInfo: (MD_AggregateInformation)
aggregateDataSetName: (CI_Citation)
title: Signal Station Inspection Reports
date: (missing)
identifier: (MD_Identifier)
code: gov.noaa.ncdc:C01075
citedResponsibleParty: (CI_ResponsibleParty)
organisationName: DOC/NOAA/NESDIS/NCEI > National Centers for Environmental Information, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce
role: (CI_RoleCode) distributor
citedResponsibleParty: (CI_ResponsibleParty)
organisationName: (missing)
contactInfo: (CI_Contact)
onlineResource: (CI_OnlineResource)
linkage: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/metadata/geoportal/rest/metadata/item/gov.noaa.ncdc:C01075/html
protocol: HTTPS
applicationProfile: Web Browser
name: Signal Station Inspection Reports
description: Inspection Reports from the Signal Service are also available from the Archive.
function: (CI_OnLineFunctionCode) information
role: (missing)
associationType: (DS_AssociationTypeCode) largerWorkCitation
initiativeType: (DS_InitiativeTypeCode) collection
aggregationInfo: (MD_AggregateInformation)
aggregateDataSetName: (CI_Citation)
title: Surface Weather Observations (Pre-1893) (Forts)
date: (missing)
citedResponsibleParty: (CI_ResponsibleParty)
organisationName: DOC/NOAA/NESDIS/NCEI > National Centers for Environmental Information, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce
role: (CI_RoleCode) distributor
citedResponsibleParty: (CI_ResponsibleParty)
organisationName: (missing)
contactInfo: (CI_Contact)
onlineResource: (CI_OnlineResource)
linkage: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/metadata/geoportal/rest/metadata/item/gov.noaa.ncdc:C01085/html
protocol: HTTPS
applicationProfile: Web Browser
name: Surface Weather Observations (Pre-1893) (Forts)
description: For more information about the very similar Forts collection, please follow the link.
function: (CI_OnLineFunctionCode) information
role: (missing)
associationType: (DS_AssociationTypeCode) crossReference
initiativeType: (DS_InitiativeTypeCode) collection
spatialRepresentationType: (MD_SpatialRepresentationTypeCode) textTable
language: eng; USA
topicCategory: (MD_TopicCategoryCode) climatologyMeteorologyAtmosphere
extent: (EX_Extent)
geographicElement: (EX_GeographicBoundingBox)
extentTypeCode: 1
westBoundLongitude: 172.0
eastBoundLongitude: -66.0
southBoundLatitude: 18.0
northBoundLatitude: 72.0
temporalElement: (EX_TemporalExtent)
extent:
TimePeriod:
description: ground condition
beginPosition: 1817-01-01
endPosition: 1954-12-31
supplementalInformation: Some data from this collection is available in a digital format. Please contact customer service for more information.
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distributionInfo: (MD_Distribution)
distributor: (MD_Distributor)
distributorContact: (CI_ResponsibleParty)
organisationName: NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information
contactInfo: (CI_Contact)
address: (CI_Address)
electronicMailAddress: ncei.info@noaa.gov
onlineResource: (CI_OnlineResource)
linkage: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/contact
name: NCEI Contact Information
description: Information for contacts at NCEI.
function: (CI_OnLineFunctionCode) information
role: (CI_RoleCode) distributor
distributionOrderProcess: (MD_StandardOrderProcess)
fees: In most cases, electronic downloads of the data are free. However, fees may apply for custom orders, data certifications, copies of analog materials, and data distribution on physical media.
orderingInstructions: Contact NCEI for other distribution options and instructions.
distributorFormat: (MD_Format)
name: XML
version: (missing)
distributorFormat: (MD_Format)
name: PAPER
version: (missing)
distributorFormat: (MD_Format)
name: MICROFICHE
version: (missing)
distributorFormat: (MD_Format)
name: PAPER
version: (missing)
distributorFormat: (MD_Format)
name: MICROFICHE
version: (missing)
distributorFormat: (MD_Format)
name: PDF
version: (missing)
distributorTransferOptions: (MD_DigitalTransferOptions)
onLine: (CI_OnlineResource)
linkage: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/metadata/geoportal/rest/metadata/item/gov.noaa.ncdc:C01214/html
protocol: HTTPS
applicationProfile: Landing Page
name: NCEI Dataset Landing Page
description: Landing page for the dataset.
function: (CI_OnLineFunctionCode) information
distributorTransferOptions: (MD_DigitalTransferOptions)
onLine: (CI_OnlineResource)
linkage: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/contact
protocol: HTTPS
applicationProfile: Web Browser
name: Contact NCEI
description: Contact NCEI for more information and to request access to the archived data. Requests are subject to NCEI order fulfillment constraints.
function: (CI_OnLineFunctionCode) offline
distributorTransferOptions: (MD_DigitalTransferOptions)
transferSize: (missing)
onLine: (CI_OnlineResource)
linkage: https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/EdadsV2/
protocol: HTTPS
applicationProfile: Download
name: EV2 Image Access System
description: Images can be found in multiple libraries within EV2 depending on data type or station type. Libraries include: COOP, Diaries and Journals, and Forts.
function: (CI_OnLineFunctionCode) download
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dataQualityInfo: (DQ_DataQuality)
scope: (DQ_Scope)
level: (MD_ScopeCode) dataset
extent: #boundingExtent
lineage: (LI_Lineage)
statement: NOAA received the data from the United States Army Signal Service and created a collection.
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dataQualityInfo: (DQ_DataQuality)
scope: (DQ_Scope)
level: (MD_ScopeCode) repository
levelDescription: (MD_ScopeDescription)
other: NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information
lineage: (LI_Lineage)
processStep: (LE_ProcessStep)
description: NOAA created the National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) by merging NOAA's National Climatic Data Center (NCDC), National Geophysical Data Center (NGDC), and National Oceanographic Data Center (NODC), including the National Coastal Data Development Center (NCDDC), per the Consolidated and Further Continuing Appropriations Act, 2015, Public Law 113-235. NCEI launched publicly on April 22, 2015.
dateTime:
DateTime: 2015-04-22T00:00:00
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metadataMaintenance: (MD_MaintenanceInformation)
maintenanceAndUpdateFrequency: (MD_MaintenanceFrequencyCode) asNeeded
maintenanceNote: Bulk metadata change applied on 2023-06-23. See version control repository history for metadata change details.
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acquisitionInformation: (MI_AcquisitionInformation)
instrument: (MI_Instrument)
identifier: (MD_Identifier)
code: RAIN GAUGES
type: (missing)
instrument: (MI_Instrument)
identifier: (MD_Identifier)
code: THERMOMETERS
type: (missing)
instrument: (MI_Instrument)
identifier: (MD_Identifier)
code: BAROMETERS
type: (missing)
instrument: (MI_Instrument)
identifier: (MD_Identifier)
code: WIND VANES
type: (missing)
platform: (MI_Platform)
identifier: (MD_Identifier)
code: METEOROLOGICAL STATIONS
description: (missing)
instrument: (missing)
