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Earth System Research Laboratory Long-Term Surface Aerosol Measurements


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        citation:  (CI_Citation)
            title:  Earth System Research Laboratory Long-Term Surface Aerosol Measurements
            alternateTitle:  ESRL Aerosol Measurements
            date:  (CI_Date)
                date:  1974-01-01
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                  Anchor:  DOI doi:10.7289/V55T3HJF
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                code:  NCEI DSI 3276_01
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                code:  gov.noaa.ncdc:C01539
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                individualName:  Sheridan, Patrick
                organisationName:  DOC/NOAA/ESRL/GMD > Global Monitoring Division, Earth System Research Laboratory, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce
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                individualName:  Hageman, Derek
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        abstract:  Aerosol measurements began at the NOAA Earth System Research Laboratory (ESRL) Global Monitoring Division (GMD) baseline observatories in the mid-1970's with the purpose of detecting a response, or lack of response, of atmospheric aerosols to changing conditions on a global scale. In 1992 ESRL/GMD expanded its aerosol research program to include regional aerosol monitoring stations due to anthropogenic aerosols creating a significant perturbation in the Earth's radiative balance on regional scales. The goals of this regional-scale monitoring program are to characterize means, variability, and trends of climate-forcing properties of different types of aerosols, and the factors that control them. In situ measurements of aerosol optical properties (including light absorption, total scattering, hemispheric backscattering, and total aerosol number concentration) are made at monitoring sites at hourly time resolution. The basic aerosol measurement system consists of a nephelometer (measures aerosol light scattering), absorption photometer (measures light absorption), and a condensation nuclei counter (measures particle number concentration). Data from the aerosol monitoring stations are updated several times a day. Following collection of the raw data at the station, the data are inspected through automatic and manual contamination screenings to eliminate contamination from local pollution sources. Automatic screenings use measured wind speed, direction, and/or total particle number concentration to flag contaminated data. Manual screening is more subjective, relying on the station scientist to evaluate the data in the context of automated contamination flags and their knowledge of the site. Data applications indicate the importance of continuing to provide long-term aerosol in-situ measurements for use in analysis of trends and climatologies, evaluation of model simulations of aerosol climatologies, and behavior and validation of remote sensing retrievals of aerosol optical properties. GMD's measurements also provide ground-truth for satellite measurements and global models, as well as key aerosol parameters for global-scale models. Through the Big Earth Data Initiative (BEDI), ESRL/GMD has taken their data collection and converted files into NetCDF-4, a self-describing format.
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            keyword:  Earth Science > Atmosphere > Aerosols > Aerosol Backscatter
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            keyword:  Earth Science > Atmosphere > Aerosols > Aerosol Particle Properties
            keyword:  Earth Science > Atmosphere > Aerosols > Aerosol Light Scattering Coefficient
            keyword:  Earth Science > Atmosphere > Aerosols > Aerosol Light Absorption Coefficient
            keyword:  Earth Science > Atmosphere > Aerosols > Aerosol Number Concentration
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            otherConstraints:  Cite as: Sheridan, Patrick; Hageman, Derek and NOAA ESRL (2017): Earth System Research Laboratory Long-Term Surface Aerosol Measurements, Version 1. [indicate subset used]. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI). doi:10.7289/V55T3HJF [access date].
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            otherConstraints:  The information contained herein is provided as a public service, with the understanding that the NOAA/ESRL Global Monitoring Divison makes no warranties, either expressed or implied, concerning the accuracy, completeness, reliability, or suitability of the information.
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            otherConstraints:  Distribution liability: NOAA and NCEI make no warranty, expressed or implied, regarding these data, nor does the fact of distribution constitute such a warranty. NOAA and NCEI cannot assume liability for any damages caused by any errors or omissions in these data. If appropriate, NCEI can only certify that the data it distributes are an authentic copy of the records that were accepted for inclusion in the NCEI archives.
        resourceConstraints:  (MD_LegalConstraints)
            useConstraints:  (MD_RestrictionCode) otherRestrictions
            otherConstraints:  Use liability: NOAA and NCEI cannot provide any warranty as to the accuracy, reliability, or completeness of furnished data. Users assume responsibility to determine the usability of these data. The user is responsible for the results of any application of this data for other than its intended purpose.
        aggregationInfo:  (MD_AggregateInformation)
            aggregateDataSetName:  (CI_Citation)
                title:  Aerosol Documentation
                date: (missing)
                citedResponsibleParty:  (CI_ResponsibleParty)
                    organisationName:  DOC/NOAA/ESRL/GMD > Global Monitoring Division, Earth System Research Laboratory, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce
                    role:  (CI_RoleCode) author
                citedResponsibleParty:  (CI_ResponsibleParty)
                    organisationName: (missing)
                    contactInfo:  (CI_Contact)
                        onlineResource:  (CI_OnlineResource)
                            linkage: ftp://aftp.cmdl.noaa.gov/aerosol/README.txt
                            applicationProfile:  Web Browser
                            name:  Aerosol ReadMe documentation
                            description:  ESRL/GMD FTP Aerosol Documentation
                            function:  (CI_OnLineFunctionCode) information
                    role: (missing)
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            initiativeType:  (DS_InitiativeTypeCode) userGuide
        spatialRepresentationType:  (MD_SpatialRepresentationTypeCode) grid
        language:  eng; USA
        topicCategory:  (MD_TopicCategoryCode) climatologyMeteorologyAtmosphere
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                westBoundLongitude:  -180.0
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                northBoundLatitude:  90.0
            temporalElement:  (EX_TemporalExtent)
                extent:
                  TimePeriod:
                    description:  ground condition
                    beginPosition:  1974-01-01
                    endPosition:
                    timeInterval:  1
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    distributionInfo:  (MD_Distribution)
        distributor:  (MD_Distributor)
            distributorContact:  (CI_ResponsibleParty)
                organisationName:  NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information
                contactInfo:  (CI_Contact)
                    address:  (CI_Address)
                        electronicMailAddress:  ncei.info@noaa.gov
                    onlineResource:  (CI_OnlineResource)
                        linkage: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/contact
                        name:  NCEI Contact Information
                        description:  Information for contacts at NCEI.
                        function:  (CI_OnLineFunctionCode) information
                role:  (CI_RoleCode) distributor
            distributionOrderProcess:  (MD_StandardOrderProcess)
                fees:  In most cases, electronic downloads of the data are free. However, fees may apply for custom orders, data certifications, copies of analog materials, and data distribution on physical media.
                orderingInstructions:  Contact NCEI for other distribution options and instructions.
            distributorFormat:  (MD_Format)
                name:  XML
                version: (missing)
            distributorFormat:  (MD_Format)
                name:  HTML
                version: (missing)
            distributorFormat:  (MD_Format)
                name:  netCDF
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            distributorFormat:  (MD_Format)
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                version:  4
            distributorTransferOptions:  (MD_DigitalTransferOptions)
                onLine:  (CI_OnlineResource)
                    linkage: https://doi.org/10.7289/V55T3HJF
                    protocol:  HTTPS
                    applicationProfile:  Landing Page
                    name:  NCEI Dataset Landing Page
                    description:  Landing page for the dataset.
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            distributorTransferOptions:  (MD_DigitalTransferOptions)
                transferSize: (missing)
                onLine:  (CI_OnlineResource)
                    linkage: https://esrl.noaa.gov/gmd/aero/index.html
                    protocol:  HTTPS
                    applicationProfile:  Information
                    name:  ESRL GMD Aerosols
                    description:  Project page with dataset information.
                    function:  (CI_OnLineFunctionCode) information
            distributorTransferOptions:  (MD_DigitalTransferOptions)
                transferSize: (missing)
                onLine:  (CI_OnlineResource)
                    linkage: ftp://aftp.cmdl.noaa.gov/aerosol/
                    applicationProfile:  Download
                    name:  ESRL Direct Download
                    description:  Direct download for data
                    function:  (CI_OnLineFunctionCode) download
            distributorTransferOptions:  (MD_DigitalTransferOptions)
                transferSize: (missing)
                onLine:  (CI_OnlineResource)
                    linkage: https://www.esrl.noaa.gov/gmd/dv/data/index.php?category=aerosols
                    protocol:  HTTPS
                    applicationProfile:  Data Search Application
                    name:  ESRL/GMD FTP Data Finder
                    description:  Use this web page to find specific data files available from the public ftp file archive of the ESRL Global Monitoring Division.
                    function:  (CI_OnLineFunctionCode) search
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    dataQualityInfo:  (DQ_DataQuality)
        scope:  (DQ_Scope)
            level:  (MD_ScopeCode) dataset
            extent:  #boundingExtent
        lineage:  (LI_Lineage)
            statement:  Raw data are transferred from station computers to a central server, where station mentors perform quality assurance checks on the data. Known corrections to the data are applied, and final averages are calculated. Data are then archived at NCEI.
            processStep:  (LE_ProcessStep)
                description:  Quality assurance checks on the raw data.
                dateTime: (missing)
                processor:  (CI_ResponsibleParty)
                    organisationName:  DOC/NOAA/ESRL/GMD > Global Monitoring Division, Earth System Research Laboratory, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce
                    role:  (CI_RoleCode) processor
                source:  sd001
            source:  (LE_Source)
                description:  Global Monitoring Division Baseline Observatories and Regional Stations
                sourceCitation:  (CI_Citation)
                    title:  GMD Observatory Operations (OBOP)
                    date:  (CI_Date)
                        date:  1974-01-01
                        dateType:  (CI_DateTypeCode) publication
                    citedResponsibleParty:  (CI_ResponsibleParty)
                        organisationName:  DOC/NOAA/ESRL/GMD > Global Monitoring Division, Earth System Research Laboratory, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce
                        role:  (CI_RoleCode) owner
                    citedResponsibleParty:  (CI_ResponsibleParty)
                        organisationName: (missing)
                        contactInfo:  (CI_Contact)
                            onlineResource:  (CI_OnlineResource)
                                linkage: https://www.esrl.noaa.gov/gmd/obop/
                                protocol:  HTTPS
                                applicationProfile:  Web Browser
                                name:  GMD Observatory Operations (OBOP)
                                description:  NOAA/ESRL/GMD operates atmospheric baseline observatories where numerous insitu, remote atmospheric, and solar measurements are conducted. Stations were established to sample remote, "pure" air.
                                function:  (CI_OnLineFunctionCode) information
                        role: (missing)
                sourceExtent:  (EX_Extent)
                    geographicElement:  (EX_GeographicBoundingBox)
                        extentTypeCode:  1
                        westBoundLongitude:  -180.0
                        eastBoundLongitude:  180.0
                        southBoundLatitude:  -90.0
                        northBoundLatitude:  90.0
                    temporalElement:  (EX_TemporalExtent)
                        extent:
                          TimePeriod:
                            beginPosition:  1974-01-01
                            endPosition:
                sourceStep:  ps001
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    dataQualityInfo:  (DQ_DataQuality)
        scope:  (DQ_Scope)
            level:  (MD_ScopeCode) repository
            levelDescription:  (MD_ScopeDescription)
                other:  NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information
        lineage:  (LI_Lineage)
            processStep:  (LE_ProcessStep)
                description:  NOAA created the National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) by merging NOAA's National Climatic Data Center (NCDC), National Geophysical Data Center (NGDC), and National Oceanographic Data Center (NODC), including the National Coastal Data Development Center (NCDDC), per the Consolidated and Further Continuing Appropriations Act, 2015, Public Law 113-235. NCEI launched publicly on April 22, 2015.
                dateTime:
                  DateTime:  2015-04-22T00:00:00
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    metadataMaintenance:  (MD_MaintenanceInformation)
        maintenanceAndUpdateFrequency:  (MD_MaintenanceFrequencyCode) asNeeded
        maintenanceNote:  Bulk metadata change applied on 2023-06-23. See version control repository history for metadata change details.