International Best Track Archive for Climate Stewardship (IBTrACS) Project, Version 4
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title: International Best Track Archive for Climate Stewardship (IBTrACS) Project, Version 4
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date: 2019-02-15
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Anchor: DOI doi:10.25921/82ty-9e16
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abstract: The International Best Track Archive for Climate Stewardship (IBTrACS) provides location and intensity for global tropical cyclones. The data span from the 1840s to present, generally providing data at 3-hour intervals. While the best track data is focused on position and intensity (maximum sustained wind speed or minimum central pressure), other parameters are provided by some agencies (e.g., radius of maximum winds, environmental pressure, radius of hurricane force winds, etc.) and are likewise provided in IBTrACS. Files are available subset by Basin or time period, where basins include: East Pacific, North Atlantic, North Indian, South Atlantic, South Indian, South Pacific, and the West Pacific. Time periods include: All data, since 1980, and the last 3 years.
purpose: Users: reinsurance, forecasters, media, emergency managers, climate monitoring, etc. Use cases: To understand the distribution, frequency and intensity of tropical cyclones. The primary benefit of this dataset is the inclusion of many sources of tropical cyclone data in one place.
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fileDescription: A sample plot of one year of tropical cyclone tracks available in IBTrACS.
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keyword: Earth Science > Human Dimensions > Natural Hazards > Tropical Cyclones > Hurricanes
keyword: Earth Science > Human Dimensions > Natural Hazards > Tropical Cyclones > Cyclones
keyword: Earth Science > Human Dimensions > Natural Hazards > Tropical Cyclones > Typhoons
keyword: Earth Science > Atmosphere > Weather Events > Monsoons
keyword: Earth Science > Atmosphere > Precipitation > Liquid Precipitation > Rain
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useLimitation: The primary limitation is that information is limited to known tropical systems. So those not observed are not recorded (this is much more prevalent prior to satellite observations). Another limitation is that various agencies have different practices when it comes to reporting maximum sustained wind speeds. This makes comparing winds between basins or through time problematic because changes in agencies, personnel or practices can mask underlying climatological shifts (and vice versa).
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otherConstraints: Cite as: Knapp, Kenneth R.; Diamond, Howard J.; Kossin, James P.; Kruk, Michael C.; Schreck, Carl J. III (2018). International Best Track Archive for Climate Stewardship (IBTrACS) Project, Version 4. [indicate subset used]. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information. https://doi.org/10.25921/82ty-9e16 [access date].
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otherConstraints: Users are also asked to cite: Knapp, K. R., M. C. Kruk, D. H. Levinson, H. J. Diamond, and C. J. Neumann, 2010: The International Best Track Archive for Climate Stewardship (IBTrACS): Unifying tropical cyclone best track data. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 91, 363-376. doi:10.1175/2009BAMS2755.1
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otherConstraints: Distribution liability: NOAA and NCEI make no warranty, expressed or implied, regarding these data, nor does the fact of distribution constitute such a warranty. NOAA and NCEI cannot assume liability for any damages caused by any errors or omissions in these data. If appropriate, NCEI can only certify that the data it distributes are an authentic copy of the records that were accepted for inclusion in the NCEI archives.
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otherConstraints: Use liability: NOAA and NCEI cannot provide any warranty as to the accuracy, reliability, or completeness of furnished data. Users assume responsibility to determine the usability of these data. The user is responsible for the results of any application of this data for other than its intended purpose.
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title: The International Best Track Archive for Climate Stewardship (IBTrACS): Unifying tropical cyclone best track data.
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language: eng; USA
topicCategory: (MD_TopicCategoryCode) climatologyMeteorologyAtmosphere
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fees: In most cases, electronic downloads of the data are free. However, fees may apply for custom orders, data certifications, copies of analog materials, and data distribution on physical media.
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statement: Prior to receiving the data at NCEI, there is some uncertainty in the lineage as data processing practices at some agencies are better documented than others. The data are produced from real time (during the season) and post-season analysis of TC observations. Thus, there is some uncertainty on what observations were available at a given agency, what practices were in place that might affect intensity estimates and what practices and procedural thresholds were used to track some systems but not others.
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processStep: (LE_ProcessStep)
description: Identify similar storms and merge data.
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citation: (CI_Citation)
title: A Technique for Combining Global Tropical Cyclone Best Track Data
date: (CI_Date)
date: 2010-04-01
dateType: (CI_DateTypeCode) publication
citedResponsibleParty: (CI_ResponsibleParty)
organisationName: American Meteorological Society
role: (missing)
citedResponsibleParty: (CI_ResponsibleParty)
organisationName: (missing)
contactInfo: (CI_Contact)
onlineResource: (CI_OnlineResource)
linkage: https://doi.org/10.1175/2009JTECHA1267.1
protocol: HTTPS
applicationProfile: Web Browser
name: A Technique for Combining Global Tropical Cyclone Best Track Data
description: DOI of the reference
function: (CI_OnLineFunctionCode) information
role: (missing)
description: See Algorithm Citation
processStep: (LE_ProcessStep)
description: Produce track data for individual storms
rationale: Once storms as identified as potentially the same, then analysis is performed to define tracks and output all data into intermediate netCDF files.
dateTime: (missing)
processor: (CI_ResponsibleParty)
organisationName: DOC/NOAA/NESDIS/NCEI > National Centers for Environmental Information, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce
role: (CI_RoleCode) processor
source: sd012
processStep: (LE_ProcessStep)
description: Reformat track data by basin and date.
rationale: Many customers need on subsets of IBTrACS. Tracks are split by basin (e.g., North Atlantic, Eastern Pacific, Western Pacific, North Indian, South Indian and South Pacific) or by time period (all years, ears since 1980 or last 3 years). The result are file sets in 3 formats: CSV, shapefile and netCDF.
dateTime: (missing)
processor: (CI_ResponsibleParty)
organisationName: DOC/NOAA/NESDIS/NCEI > National Centers for Environmental Information, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce
role: (CI_RoleCode) processor
source: (LE_Source)
description: U.S. National Hurricane Center Best Track Data
sourceCitation: (CI_Citation)
title: Cyclone data from National Hurricane Center
date: (missing)
citedResponsibleParty: (CI_ResponsibleParty)
organisationName: National Hurricane Center
role: (CI_RoleCode) originator
citedResponsibleParty: (CI_ResponsibleParty)
organisationName: (missing)
contactInfo: (CI_Contact)
onlineResource: (CI_OnlineResource)
linkage: ftp://ftp.nhc.noaa.gov/atcf/archive/
applicationProfile: Web Browser
name: Cyclone data from National Hurricane Center
description: FTP location for historic NHC best tracks
function: (CI_OnLineFunctionCode) information
role: (missing)
sourceStep: ps001
source: (LE_Source)
description: U.S. Joint Typhoon Warning Center best track data
sourceCitation: (CI_Citation)
title: Cyclone data from Joint Typhoon Warning Center
date: (missing)
citedResponsibleParty: (CI_ResponsibleParty)
organisationName: Joint Typhoon Warning Center
role: (CI_RoleCode) originator
citedResponsibleParty: (CI_ResponsibleParty)
organisationName: (missing)
contactInfo: (CI_Contact)
onlineResource: (CI_OnlineResource)
linkage: http://www.metoc.navy.mil/jtwc/jtwc.html?best-tracks
applicationProfile: Web Browser
name: Cyclone data from Joint Typhoon Warning Center
description: Best track data source files.
function: (CI_OnLineFunctionCode) information
role: (missing)
sourceStep: ps001
source: (LE_Source)
description: RSMC Tokyo (Japanese Meteorological Agency)
sourceCitation: (CI_Citation)
title: Cyclone data from RSMC Tokyo (JMA)
date: (missing)
citedResponsibleParty: (CI_ResponsibleParty)
organisationName: RSMC Tokyo (JMA)
role: (CI_RoleCode) originator
citedResponsibleParty: (CI_ResponsibleParty)
organisationName: (missing)
contactInfo: (CI_Contact)
onlineResource: (CI_OnlineResource)
linkage: https://www.jma.go.jp/jma/jma-eng/jma-center/rsmc-hp-pub-eg/besttrack.html
protocol: HTTPS
applicationProfile: Web Browser
name: Cyclone data from RSMC Tokyo (JMA)
description: Website providing access to JMA best track data
function: (CI_OnLineFunctionCode) information
role: (missing)
sourceStep: ps001
source: (LE_Source)
description: Chinese Metorological Administration best track data from the Shanghai Typhoon Institute
sourceCitation: (CI_Citation)
title: Cyclone data from Chinese Meteorological Administration - Shanghai Typhoon Institute
date: (missing)
citedResponsibleParty: (CI_ResponsibleParty)
organisationName: Chinese Meteorological Administration - Shanghai Typhoon Institute
role: (CI_RoleCode) originator
citedResponsibleParty: (CI_ResponsibleParty)
organisationName: (missing)
contactInfo: (CI_Contact)
onlineResource: (CI_OnlineResource)
linkage: http://tcdata.typhoon.org.cn/en/zjljsjj_zlhq.html
applicationProfile: Web Browser
name: Cyclone data from Chinese Meteorological Administration - Shanghai Typhoon Institute
description: Website providing access to CMA best track data
function: (CI_OnLineFunctionCode) information
role: (missing)
sourceStep: ps001
source: (LE_Source)
description: HKO best tracks data. Data are not available online. The BT file is usually emailed to NCEI upon request.
sourceCitation: (CI_Citation)
title: Cyclone data from Hong Kong Observatory
date: (missing)
citedResponsibleParty: (CI_ResponsibleParty)
organisationName: Hong Kong Observatory
role: (CI_RoleCode) originator
sourceStep: ps001
source: (LE_Source)
description: IMD best track data
sourceCitation: (CI_Citation)
title: Cyclone data from RSMC New Delhi (IMD)
date: (missing)
citedResponsibleParty: (CI_ResponsibleParty)
organisationName: RSMC New Delhi (IMD)
role: (CI_RoleCode) originator
citedResponsibleParty: (CI_ResponsibleParty)
organisationName: (missing)
contactInfo: (CI_Contact)
onlineResource: (CI_OnlineResource)
linkage: http://www.rsmcnewdelhi.imd.gov.in/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=48&Itemid=194&lang=en
applicationProfile: Web Browser
name: Cyclone data from RSMC New Delhi (IMD)
description: Data is provided in an Excel spreadsheet. Spreadsheet is converted to CSV file for ingest into the IBTrACS dataset.
function: (CI_OnLineFunctionCode) information
role: (missing)
sourceStep: ps001
source: (LE_Source)
description: La Reunion best track data. No public URL is available. Data are emailed to NCEI when requested.
sourceCitation: (CI_Citation)
title: Cyclone data from Cyclone data from RSMC La Reunion (MeteoFrance)
date: (missing)
citedResponsibleParty: (CI_ResponsibleParty)
organisationName: Cyclone data from RSMC La Reunion (MeteoFrance)
role: (CI_RoleCode) originator
sourceStep: ps001
source: (LE_Source)
description: BoM best track data
sourceCitation: (CI_Citation)
title: Bureau of Meteorology (Australia)
date: (missing)
citedResponsibleParty: (CI_ResponsibleParty)
organisationName: Bureau of Meteorology (Australia)
role: (CI_RoleCode) originator
citedResponsibleParty: (CI_ResponsibleParty)
organisationName: (missing)
contactInfo: (CI_Contact)
onlineResource: (CI_OnlineResource)
linkage: http://www.bom.gov.au/clim_data/IDCKMSTM0S.csv
applicationProfile: Web Browser
name: Bureau of Meteorology (Australia)
description: The database at this URL is updated frequently and will often contain operational (i.e., not reanalyzed or best track-ed) data for recent storms.
function: (CI_OnLineFunctionCode) information
role: (missing)
sourceStep: ps001
source: (LE_Source)
description: RSMC Nadi Best Track data
sourceCitation: (CI_Citation)
title: Cyclone data from Cyclone data from RSMC Nadi (Fiji). No publicly accessible URL. This data is emailed to NCEI (Howard Diamond or Ken Knapp) when requested.
date: (missing)
citedResponsibleParty: (CI_ResponsibleParty)
organisationName: RSMC Nadi (Fiji)
role: (CI_RoleCode) originator
sourceStep: ps001
source: (LE_Source)
description: TCWC Wellington best track data. No publicly accessible URL. This data is emailed to NCEI (Howard Diamond or Ken Knapp) when requested.
sourceCitation: (CI_Citation)
title: Cyclone data from TCWC Wellington (New Zealand)
date: (missing)
citedResponsibleParty: (CI_ResponsibleParty)
organisationName: TCWC Wellington (New Zealand)
role: (CI_RoleCode) originator
sourceStep: ps001
source: (LE_Source)
description: This step uses reformatted best track data from the previous step (converting raw data to standardized Best Track data).
sourceCitation: (CI_Citation)
title: Reformatted BestTrack data
date: (missing)
citedResponsibleParty: (CI_ResponsibleParty)
organisationName: DOC/NOAA/NESDIS/NCEI > National Centers for Environmental Information, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce
role: (CI_RoleCode) processor
citedResponsibleParty: (CI_ResponsibleParty)
organisationName: (missing)
role: (missing)
sourceStep: ps002
source: (LE_Source)
description: This step is completed using data from the previous "merge" step along with the reformatted original BT data.
sourceCitation: (CI_Citation)
title: Merged Best Track data
date: (missing)
citedResponsibleParty: (CI_ResponsibleParty)
organisationName: (missing)
role: (missing)
citedResponsibleParty: (CI_ResponsibleParty)
organisationName: (missing)
role: (missing)
sourceStep: ps003
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dataQualityInfo: (DQ_DataQuality)
scope: (DQ_Scope)
level: (MD_ScopeCode) repository
levelDescription: (MD_ScopeDescription)
other: NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information
lineage: (LI_Lineage)
processStep: (LE_ProcessStep)
description: NOAA created the National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) by merging NOAA's National Climatic Data Center (NCDC), National Geophysical Data Center (NGDC), and National Oceanographic Data Center (NODC), including the National Coastal Data Development Center (NCDDC), per the Consolidated and Further Continuing Appropriations Act, 2015, Public Law 113-235. NCEI launched publicly on April 22, 2015.
dateTime:
DateTime: 2015-04-22T00:00:00
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metadataMaintenance: (MD_MaintenanceInformation)
maintenanceAndUpdateFrequency: (MD_MaintenanceFrequencyCode) asNeeded
maintenanceNote: Bulk metadata change applied on 2023-07-06. See version control repository history for metadata change details.
