Earth System Research Laboratory Halocarbons and Other Atmospheric Trace Gases Otto Instrument Measurements
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title: Earth System Research Laboratory Halocarbons and Other Atmospheric Trace Gases Otto Instrument Measurements
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individualName: David Nance
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abstract: The Halocarbons and other Atmospheric Trace Species (HATS) group aims to quantify the atmospheric burden, and the distributions and magnitudes of sources and sinks for nitrous oxide and other halogen containing compounds. They utilize numerous types of platforms, including ground-based stations, towers, ships, aircraft, and balloons to accomplish their mission. HATS measures chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) at measurement sites spanning the globe. CFCs are non-toxic, non-flammable chemicals that contain carbon, chlorine, and fluorine atoms. CFCs were used as solvents, refrigerants, and aerosol sprays. While inert in the troposphere, they decompose in the stratosphere to release chlorine for destructive reactions with ozone. This process eventually led to the creation of the "Ozone Hole" over the Antarctic. Monitoring the amounts of CFCs and other trace gases is important, both for tracking the growth and recovery of the Ozone Hole, and because many upward trending trace gases are potent and durable greenhouse gases. Automated flask sampling electron capture gas chromatograph ("Otto"): The Otto instrument has been in continuous use since late 1994 when the original Pre-Otto system was entering retirement. Since 1994, Otto has continued to analyze samples from the seven sites used by the Pre-Otto system. As of 2017, Otto's sampling network has expanded to include weekly air sampling at six additional sites including Summit Station, Greenland (SUM), Mace Head, Ireland (MHD), Park Falls, Wisconsin (LEF), Harvard Forest, Massachusetts (HFM), Cape Kumukahi, Hawaii (KUM), and Palmer Station, Antarctica (PSA). Sampling at Trinidad Head, California (THD), Grifton, North Carolina (ITN), and Ushuaia, Argentina (USH) has also come and gone during this period. The original three gases measured by GC-ECD since 1977 (N2O, CFC-12 and CFC-11) were extended to include CFC-113, CH3CCl3, CCl4 and SF6 when Otto came online. Through the Big Earth Data Initiative (BEDI), ESRL/GMD has taken their data collection and converted files into NetCDF-4, a self-describing format.
purpose: The general mission of the Halocarbons and other Atmospheric Trace Species group is to quantify the distributions and magnitudes of sources and sinks for atmospheric nitrous oxide (N2O) and halogen containing compounds.
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keyword: Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Chemistry > Nitrogen Compounds > Nitrous Oxide
keyword: Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Chemistry > Halocarbons And Halogens > Chlorofluorocarbons
keyword: Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Chemistry > Halocarbons And Halogens > Carbon Tetrachloride
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keyword: EARTH SCIENCE > ATMOSPHERE > ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY > HALOCARBONS AND HALOGENS > METHYL CHLOROFORM
keyword: EARTH SCIENCE > ATMOSPHERE > ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY > SULFUR COMPOUNDS > SULFUR HEXAFLUORIDE
keyword: OZONE DEPLETING SUBSTANCES
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otherConstraints: Cite as: Dutton, Geoff; Nance, David; Hall, Bradley; and NOAA ESRL (2017): Earth System Research Laboratory Halocarbons and Other Atmospheric Trace Gases Otto Instrument Measurements, Version 1. [indicate subset used]. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information. doi:10.7289/V55D8Q3V [access date].
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otherConstraints: The information contained herein is provided as a public service, with the understanding that the NOAA/ESRL Global Monitoring Divison makes no warranties, either expressed or implied, concerning the accuracy, completeness, reliability, or suitability of the information. If you use this data in a publication or report, we would appreciate that you contact the principal investigators (PIs) first and discuss your interests. The PIs can discuss the quality of the data and any potential problems with its analysis. The data should be cited in presentations or publications along the following lines: %s data from the NOAA/ESRL/GMD halocarbons flask program.
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otherConstraints: Distribution liability: NOAA and NCEI make no warranty, expressed or implied, regarding these data, nor does the fact of distribution constitute such a warranty. NOAA and NCEI cannot assume liability for any damages caused by any errors or omissions in these data. If appropriate, NCEI can only certify that the data it distributes are an authentic copy of the records that were accepted for inclusion in the NCEI archives.
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otherConstraints: Use liability: NOAA and NCEI cannot provide any warranty as to the accuracy, reliability, or completeness of furnished data. Users assume responsibility to determine the usability of these data. The user is responsible for the results of any application of this data for other than its intended purpose.
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title: Earth System Research Laboratory Halocarbons and Other Atmospheric Trace Gases Old Flask Gas Chromatograph (GC) Measurements
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environmentDescription: The GC equipment used to analyze air samples dates to around 1990. Custom developed control software was written in early 1990s vintage Microsoft Visual Basic. Hewlett Packard ChemStation software dating to the mid-1990s is used to evaluate chromatographic peak responses. These measures are stored in a mid-1990s vintage Microsoft Access database file. From this point, a series of workstation/desktop scale computers dating from the early 1990s to the mid-2010s has been used to process and reprocess peak response measures into mixing ratios using a collection of custom developed routines coded in MS Visual Basic, IDL, and Python.
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statement: Air samples were collected in flasks at field sites and transported to NOAA/ESRL/GMD in Boulder, Colorado for analysis by electron capture gas chromatograph (GC-ECD). Data reduction was conducted on a desktop computer.
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description: Multiple flask samples are connected to a sampling manifold to set up a run that sequentially draws and injects samples onto the GC. Each air sample is alternated with injections from two reference gases, and the output signal from the ECD is transferred into HP ChemStation software for recording and analysis. Analyzed peak response measures from ChemStation, along with other information about each sample injection, are recorded into a Microsoft Access database file. Originally, these data were accessed and reduced to atmospheric mixing ratios using calibration curves determined from nearby (in time) responses to two reference gases, one at near background mixing ratios and the other diluted with "zero air" to ~90% of background. Each calibration curve was a line drawn through the two reference points. An updated processing method was developed and implemented in 2008 that uses reference gas response ratios accumulated throughout Otto's 20+ year history to assess and compensate for any nonlinear response characteristics and reference-dependent response biases. Quality control measures are in place at many points along the reduction path.
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organisationName: DOC/NOAA/ESRL/GMD > Global Monitoring Division, Earth System Research Laboratory, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce
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source: sd001
processingInformation: (LE_Processing)
identifier: (missing)
documentation: (CI_Citation)
title: HATS GC-ECD Analysis of Flask Samples on "Otto"
date: (CI_Date)
date: 2015-04
dateType: (CI_DateTypeCode) publication
citedResponsibleParty: (CI_ResponsibleParty)
organisationName: DOC/NOAA/ESRL/GMD > Global Monitoring Division, Earth System Research Laboratory, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce
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linkage: ftp://aftp.cmdl.noaa.gov/data/hats/doc/HATSflaskECDanalysis.pdf
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name: HATS GC-ECD Analysis of Flask Samples on "Otto"
description: Otto Instrument Data Processing
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description: ESRL GMD HATS OTTO Instrument Measurements
sourceCitation: (CI_Citation)
title: Earth System Research Laboratory Halocarbons and Other Atmospheric Trace Gases Otto Instrument Measurements
date: (missing)
citedResponsibleParty: (CI_ResponsibleParty)
organisationName: DOC/NOAA/ESRL/GMD > Global Monitoring Division, Earth System Research Laboratory, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce
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eastBoundLongitude: 180.0
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northBoundLatitude: 90.0
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extent:
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beginPosition: 1994-11-15
endPosition:
sourceStep: ps001
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dataQualityInfo: (DQ_DataQuality)
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level: (MD_ScopeCode) repository
levelDescription: (MD_ScopeDescription)
other: NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information
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description: NOAA created the National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) by merging NOAA's National Climatic Data Center (NCDC), National Geophysical Data Center (NGDC), and National Oceanographic Data Center (NODC), including the National Coastal Data Development Center (NCDDC), per the Consolidated and Further Continuing Appropriations Act, 2015, Public Law 113-235. NCEI launched publicly on April 22, 2015.
dateTime:
DateTime: 2015-04-22T00:00:00
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metadataMaintenance: (MD_MaintenanceInformation)
maintenanceAndUpdateFrequency: (MD_MaintenanceFrequencyCode) asNeeded
maintenanceNote: Bulk metadata change applied on 2023-06-23. See version control repository history for metadata change details.