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EMAG2: Earth Magnetic Anomaly Grid (2-arc-minute resolution)


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    dateStamp:  2020-05-14
    metadataStandardName:  ISO 19115-2 Geographic Information - Metadata - Part 2: Extensions for Imagery and Gridded Data
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                title:  World Geodetic System 1984
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                    date:  2007-08-27
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            title:  EMAG2: Earth Magnetic Anomaly Grid (2-arc-minute resolution)
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                date:  2009-08-07
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                    date: (inapplicable)
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                  Anchor:  DOI doi:10.7289/V5MW2F2P
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                    title:  NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information
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                positionName:  Maus, S.
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        abstract:  EMAG2 is a global Earth Magnetic Anomaly Grid compiled from satellite, ship, and airborne magnetic measurements. It is a significant update of our previous candidate grid for the World Digital Magnetic Anomaly Map. The resolution has been improved from 3 arc-minutes to 2 arc-minutes, and the altitude has been reduced from 5 km to 4 km above the geoid. Additional grid and track line data have been included, both over land and the oceans. Wherever available, the original shipborne and airborne data were used instead of precompiled oceanic magnetic grids. Interpolation between sparse track lines in the oceans was improved by directional gridding and extrapolation, based on oceanic crustal age model. The longest wavelengths (>330 km) were replaced with the latests CHAMP satellite magnetic field model MF6.
        purpose:  Magnetic anomaly maps provide insight into the subsurface structure and composition of the Earth's crust. Over continental areas, magnetic anomalies illuminate geologic, tectonic, and geothermal evolution of crust and lithosphere. In the world's oceans, anomalies trending parallel to the isochrons (lines of equal age) reveal the temporal evolution of oceanic crust. Magnetic maps are widely used in the geological sciences and in resource exploration.
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            positionName:  NCEI Geomagnetic Modeling Team
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            fileName: http://geomag.colorado.edu/images/Looking_NW_at_Spain_s.jpg
            fileDescription:  EMAG2 looking north-west at Portugal/Spain from the Atlantic. Kursk (Russia) is seen as a strong anomaly in the background. The stripes on the left of the image are magnetic lineations due to sea-floor spreading.
            fileType:  jpg
        descriptiveKeywords:  (MD_Keywords)
            keyword:  Earth Science > Solid Earth > Geomagnetism > Magnetic Field
            keyword:  Earth Science > Solid Earth > Geomagnetism > Magnetic Intensity
            keyword:  Earth Science > Solid Earth > Geomagnetism > Magnetic Anomalies
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            otherConstraints:  Distribution liability: NOAA and NCEI make no warranty, expressed or implied, regarding these data, nor does the fact of distribution constitute such a warranty. NOAA and NCEI cannot assume liability for any damages caused by any errors or omissions in these data. If appropriate, NCEI can only certify that the data it distributes are an authentic copy of the records that were accepted for inclusion in the NCEI archives.
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            otherConstraints:  Use liability: NOAA and NCEI cannot provide any warranty as to the accuracy, reliability, or completeness of furnished data. Users assume responsibility to determine the usability of these data. The user is responsible for the results of any application of this data for other than its intended purpose.
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            useLimitation:  Produced by the NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information. Not subject to copyright protection within the United States.
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            useLimitation:  Not to be used for navigation. Although these data are of high quality and useful for planning and modeling purposes, they are not suitable for navigation. For navigation, please refer to the NOS nautical chart series.
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            otherConstraints:  Cite as: Maus, S.. 2009: EMAG2: Earth Magnetic Anomaly Grid (2-arc-minute resolution). Version 2. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information. https://doi.org/10.7289/V5MW2F2P. Accessed [date].
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                    beginPosition:  1946-01-01
                    endPosition:  2008-12-01
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          RecordType:  Grid Cell
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        dimension:  (MD_Band)
            descriptor:  Magnetic Anomaly
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                fees:  In most cases, electronic downloads of the data are free. However, fees may apply for custom orders, data certifications, copies of analog materials, and data distribution on physical media.
                orderingInstructions:  Contact NCEI for other distribution options and instructions.
            distributorFormat:  (MD_Format)
                name:  PDF
                version:  Version 2
                specification:  Full Resolution Map of EMAG2 as a poster
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                name:  JPG
                version:  Version 2
                specification:  Full Resolution Map of EMAG2 as a poster
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                version:  Version 2
                specification:  Full Resolution Map of EMAG2 as an image
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                name:  Article
                version:  Version 2
                specification:  Preprint of manuscript "EMAG2: A 2-arc-minute resolution Earth Magnetic Anomaly Grid compiled from satellite, airborne and marine magnetic measurements", submitted for publication to Geochem. Geophys. Geosyst.
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                specification:  ASCII grid of the magnetic total intensity at 4km above WGS84 ellipsoid.
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                name:  GIS TIFF
                version:  Version 2
                specification:  A georeferenced TIFF (GeoTIFF) with a resolution of 2 arc-minutes, which can be opened by ESRI ArcGIS or any other GIS application. The values (nT) are stored as 32-bit floating point.
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                name:  GMT Grid
                version:  Version 2
                specification:  A GMT (Generic Mapping Tools) compatible net CDF grid with resolution of 2-arc-minutes. The values (nT) are stored as 32-bit floating point.
            distributorFormat:  (MD_Format)
                name:  GeoTIFF
                version:  Version 2
                specification:  Color-relief: A 24-bit RGB georeferenced TIFF (GeoTIFF) color-relief visualization of the EMAG2 grid, which can be opened by ArcGIS or any other GIS application. The color scale legend is at http://geomag.colorado.edu/images/EMAG2_scale.png
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                    linkage: http://geomag.colorado.edu/emag2-earth-magnetic-anomaly-grid-2-arc-minute-resolution.html
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                    linkage: http://geomag.colorado.edu/images/EMAG2/EMAG2_poster_V2.pdf
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                    description:  PDF of Full Resolution Map of EMAG2 as a poster
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                    linkage: http://geomag.colorado.edu/images/EMAG2/EMAG2_image_V2.jpg
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                    description:  JPG of Full Resolution Map of EMAG2 as an image.
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                    linkage: http://geomag.colorado.edu/images/EMAG2/emag2.pdf
                    name:  EMAG2: A 2-arc-minute resolution Earth Magnetic Anomaly Grid compiled from satellite, airborne and marine magnetic measurements
                    description:  Preprint of manuscript "EMAG2: A 2-arc-minute resolution Earth Magnetic Anomaly Grid compiled from satellite, airborne and marine magnetic measurements", submitted for publication to Geochem. Geophys. Geosyst.
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                    linkage: http://geomag.colorado.edu/images/EMAG2/EMAG2.kmz
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                    linkage: http://geomag.colorado.edu/images/EMAG2/EMAG2_V2.xyz.gz
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                    description:  EMAG2 ASCII grid of the magnetic total intensity at 4km above WGS84 ellipsoid.
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                    linkage: http://geomag.colorado.edu/images/EMAG2/EMAG2_V2.tif
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                    description:  A georeferenced TIFF (GeoTIFF) with a resolution of 2-arc-minutes, which can be opened by ESRI ArcGIS or any other GIS application. The values (nT) are stored as 32-bit floating point.
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                    linkage: http://geomag.colorado.edu/images/EMAG2/EMAG2_V2.grd
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                    description:  A GMT (Generic Mapping Tools) compatible netCDF grid with resolution of 2-arc-minutes. The values (nT) are stored as 32-bit floating point.
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                    linkage: http://geomag.colorado.edu/images/EMAG2/EMAG2_image_V2.tif
                    name:  Color-relief
                    description:  A 24-bit RGB georeferenced TIFF (GeoTIFF) color-relief visualization of the EMAG2 grid, which can be opened by ArcGIS or any other GIS application.
                    function:  (CI_OnLineFunctionCode) download
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                    linkage: http://geomag.colorado.edu/images/EMAG2/EMAG2_no_directional_gridding_2009-01-06.xyz.gz
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                    description:  EMAG2 (Version 2.0) ASCII grid of the magnetic total intensity at 4km above WGS84 ellipsoid. This version was produced without directional gridding. Therefore, it has much sparser coverage but reflects more closely the actual measurements.
                    function:  (CI_OnLineFunctionCode) download
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                other:  NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information
        lineage:  (LI_Lineage)
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                description:  NOAA created the National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) by merging NOAA's National Climatic Data Center (NCDC), National Geophysical Data Center (NGDC), and National Oceanographic Data Center (NODC), including the National Coastal Data Development Center (NCDDC), per the Consolidated and Further Continuing Appropriations Act, 2015, Public Law 113-235. NCEI launched publicly on April 22, 2015.
                dateTime:
                  DateTime:  2015-04-22T00:00:00
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    dataQualityInfo:  (DQ_DataQuality)
        scope:  (DQ_Scope)
            level:  (MD_ScopeCode) model
        lineage:  (LI_Lineage)
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                description:  Merged grids at 4 km altitude above geoid using Least Squares Collocation.
                processingInformation:  (LE_Processing)
                    identifier:  (MD_Identifier)
                        code:  Processing steps were carried out collectively by the developers of the model. These developers are listed as authors of the associated paper "EMAG2: A 2-arc minute resolution Earth Magnetic Anomaly Grid compiled from satellite, airborne, and marine magnetic measurements" found at http://geomag.colorado.edu/images/EMAG2/emag2.pdf
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                            date:  2008-05-15
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                        title:  EMAG2: A 2-arc min resolution Earth Magnetic Anomaly Grid compiled from satellite, airborne, and marine magnetic measurements
                        date:  (CI_Date)
                            date:  2009-08-07
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                                    linkage: http://geomag.org/info/Smaus/Doc/emag2.pdf
                            role:  (CI_RoleCode) originator
                        ISSN:  1525-2027
                    algorithm:  (LE_Algorithm)
                        citation:  (CI_Citation)
                            title:  National Geophysical Data Center candidate for the World Digital Magnetic Anomaly Map
                            date:  (CI_Date)
                                date:  2007-06-29
                                dateType:  (CI_DateTypeCode) publication
                            citedResponsibleParty:  (CI_ResponsibleParty)
                                contactInfo:  (CI_Contact)
                                    onlineResource:  (CI_OnlineResource)
                                        linkage: http://geomag.org/info/Smaus/Doc/wdmam.pdf
                                role:
                        description:  Least Squares Collocation (LSC)
            processStep:  (LE_ProcessStep)
                description:  From all original ship and airborne measurements: subtracted main and external fields given by the Comprehensive Model (Sabaka et al., 2004)
                processingInformation:  (LE_Processing)
                    identifier:  (MD_Identifier)
                        code:  Processing steps were carried out collectively by the developers of the model. These developers are listed as authors of the associated paper "EMAG2: A 2-arc minute resolution Earth Magnetic Anomaly Grid compiled from satellite, airborne, and marine magnetic measurements" found at http://geomag.colorado.edu/images/EMAG2/emag2.pdf
                    softwareReference:  (CI_Citation)
                        title:  Generic Mapping Tools (GMT)
                        date:  (CI_Date)
                            date:  2008-05-15
                            dateType:  (CI_DateTypeCode) revision
                    algorithm:  (LE_Algorithm)
                        citation:  (CI_Citation)
                            title:  EMAG2: A 2-arc min resolution Earth Magnetic Anomaly Grid compiled from satellite, airborne, and marine magnetic measurements
                            date:  (CI_Date)
                                date:  2009-08-07
                                dateType:  (CI_DateTypeCode) publication
                            citedResponsibleParty:  (CI_ResponsibleParty)
                                contactInfo:  (CI_Contact)
                                    onlineResource:  (CI_OnlineResource)
                                        linkage: http://geomag.org/info/Smaus/Doc/emag2.pdf
                                role:  (CI_RoleCode) originator
                            ISSN:  1525-2027
                        description:  Main and external field subtraction from observations
            processStep:  (LE_ProcessStep)
                description:  Line-leveled the trackline data, minimizing misfits from neighboring and cross-over tracks.
                processingInformation:  (LE_Processing)
                    identifier:  (MD_Identifier)
                        code:  Processing steps were carried out collectively by the developers of the model. These developers are listed as authors of the associated paper "EMAG2: A 2-arc minute resolution Earth Magnetic Anomaly Grid compiled from satellite, airborne, and marine magnetic measurements" found at http://geomag.colorado.edu/images/EMAG2/emag2.pdf
                    softwareReference:  (CI_Citation)
                        title:  Generic Mapping Tools (GMT)
                        date:  (CI_Date)
                            date:  2008-05-15
                            dateType:  (CI_DateTypeCode) revision
                    algorithm:  (LE_Algorithm)
                        citation:  (CI_Citation)
                            title:  National Geophysical Data Center candidate for the World Digital Magnetic Anomaly Map
                            date:  (CI_Date)
                                date:  2007-06-29
                                dateType:  (CI_DateTypeCode) publication
                            citedResponsibleParty:  (CI_ResponsibleParty)
                                contactInfo:  (CI_Contact)
                                    onlineResource:  (CI_OnlineResource)
                                        linkage: http://geomag.org/info/Smaus/Doc/wdmam.pdf
                                role:
                        description:  Line-leveled the trackline data, reducing cross-over errors from 92 nT to 70 nT rms and the misfit to the merged grid from 121 nT to 97 nT rms.
            processStep:  (LE_ProcessStep)
                description:  Merged the trackline data with the grid at 4 km altitude using Least Squares Collocation with anisotropic correlation function (directional gridding).
                processingInformation:  (LE_Processing)
                    identifier:  (MD_Identifier)
                        code:  Processing steps were carried out collectively by the developers of the model. These developers are listed as authors of the associated paper "EMAG2: A 2-arc minute resolution Earth Magnetic Anomaly Grid compiled from satellite, airborne, and marine magnetic measurements" found at http://geomag.colorado.edu/images/EMAG2/emag2.pdf
                    softwareReference:  (CI_Citation)
                        title:  Generic Mapping Tools (GMT)
                        date:  (CI_Date)
                            date:  2008-05-15
                            dateType:  (CI_DateTypeCode) revision
                    algorithm:  (LE_Algorithm)
                        citation:  (CI_Citation)
                            title:  National Geophysical Data Center candidate for the World Digital Magnetic Anomaly Map
                            date:  (CI_Date)
                                date:  2007-06-29
                                dateType:  (CI_DateTypeCode) publication
                            citedResponsibleParty:  (CI_ResponsibleParty)
                                contactInfo:  (CI_Contact)
                                    onlineResource:  (CI_OnlineResource)
                                        linkage: http://geomag.org/info/Smaus/Doc/wdmam.pdf
                                role:
                        description:  Least Squares Collocation (LSC)
            processStep:  (LE_ProcessStep)
                description:  Substituted spherical harmonic degrees less than or equal to 120 (33 km wavelength) with CHAMP satellite magnetic anomaly model MF6 (Maus et al., 2008).
                processingInformation:  (LE_Processing)
                    identifier:  (MD_Identifier)
                        code:  Processing steps were carried out collectively by the developers of the model. These developers are listed as authors of the associated paper "EMAG2: A 2-arc minute resolution Earth Magnetic Anomaly Grid compiled from satellite, airborne, and marine magnetic measurements" found at http://geomag.colorado.edu/images/EMAG2/emag2.pdf
                    softwareReference:  (CI_Citation)
                        title:  Generic Mapping Tools (GMT)
                        date:  (CI_Date)
                            date:  2008-05-15
                            dateType:  (CI_DateTypeCode) revision
                    algorithm:  (LE_Algorithm)
                        citation:  (CI_Citation)
                            title:  EMAG2: A 2-arc min resolution Earth Magnetic Anomaly Grid compiled from satellite, airborne, and marine magnetic measurements
                            date:  (CI_Date)
                                date:  2009-08-07
                                dateType:  (CI_DateTypeCode) publication
                            citedResponsibleParty:  (CI_ResponsibleParty)
                                contactInfo:  (CI_Contact)
                                    onlineResource:  (CI_OnlineResource)
                                        linkage: http://geomag.org/info/Smaus/Doc/emag2.pdf
                                role:  (CI_RoleCode) originator
                            ISSN:  1525-2027
                        description:  Input data from the CHAMP satellite magnetic anomaly model MF6.
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    metadataMaintenance:  (MD_MaintenanceInformation)
        maintenanceAndUpdateFrequency:  (MD_MaintenanceFrequencyCode) asNeeded
        maintenanceNote:  Modified for compliance to NCEI Template v1.2.