Ionosonde Stations
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language: eng; USA
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individualName: Justin Mabie
organisationName: DOC/NOAA/NESDIS/NCEI > National Centers for Environmental Information, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce
positionName: Space and Terrestrial Weather Specialist
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voice: (303) 497-6135
facsimile: (303) 497-6513
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deliveryPoint: 325 Broadway, Mail Code E/GC4
city: Boulder
administrativeArea: CO
postalCode: 80305-3328
country: USA
electronicMailAddress: Justin.Mabie@noaa.gov
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dateStamp: 2015-09-18
metadataStandardName: ISO 19115-2 Geographic Information - Metadata - Part 2: Extensions for Imagery and Gridded Data
metadataStandardVersion: ISO 19115-2:2009(E)
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title: Ionosonde Stations
date: (CI_Date)
date: 1958-01-01
dateType: (CI_DateTypeCode) publication
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organisationName: NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information
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linkage: http://spidr.ngdc.noaa.gov
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name: Ionosonde Data
description: Information, search capabilities and data downloads
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linkage: https://www.ngdc.noaa.gov/stp/IONO
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name: Ionosonde Data Archive
description: Ionosonde Data
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abstract: Ionograms are recorded tracings of reflected high frequency radio pulses generated by an ionosonde. Unique relationships exist between the sounding frequency and the ionization densities which can reflect it. As the sounder sweeps from lower to higher frequencies, the signal rises above the noise of commercial radio sources and records the return signal reflected from the different layers of the ionosphere. These echoes form characteristic patterns of "traces" that comprise the ionogram. Radio pulses travel more slowly within the ionosphere than in free space, therefore, the apparent or "virtual" height is recorded instead of a true height. For frequencies approaching the level of maximum plasma frequency in a layer, the virtual height tends to infinity, because the pulse must travel a finite distance at effectively zero speed. The frequencies at which this occurs are called the critical frequencies. Characteristic values of virtual heights (designated as h'E, h'F, and h'F2, etc.) and critical frequencies (designated as foE, foF1, and foF2, etc.) of each layer are scaled, manually or by computer, from these ionograms. Typically, an ionosonde station obtains one ionogram recording every 15 minutes. When the scaling is done manually only the hourly recordings are routinely reduced to numerical data. Modern ionosondes with computer-driven automatic scaling procedures routinely scale all the ionograms recorded. The resulting numerical values, along with the original ionograms and station reports, are archived at five World Data Centers (WDCs) for Ionosphere. The ionosphere is divided into four broad regions called D,E, F, and topside. These regions may be further divided into several regularly occurring layers, such as F1 or F2.D Region: The region between about 75 and 95km above the Earth in which the relatively weak) ionization is mainly responsible for absorption of high-frequency radio waves. E Region: The region between about 95 and 150km above the Earth that marks the height of the regular daytime E layer. Other subdivisions isolating separate layers of irregular occurrence within this region are also labeled with an E prefix, such as the thick layer, E2, and a highly variable thin layer, Sporadic E. Ions in this region are mainly O2+. F Region: The region above about 150km in which the important reflecting layer, F2, is found. Other layers within this region are also described using the prefix F, such as a temperate-latitude regular stratification, F1, and a low-latitude, semi-regular stratification, F1.5. Ions in the lower part of the F layer are mainly NO+ and are predominantly O+ in the upper part. The F layer is the region of primary interest for radio communications.
purpose: To produce Ionograms
status: (MD_ProgressCode) underDevelopment
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individualName: Justin Mabie
organisationName: DOC/NOAA/NESDIS/NCEI > National Centers for Environmental Information, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce
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keyword: Sun-Earth >Interactions >Solar Energetic Particle Properties >Particle Density >Electron Density height Profile
keyword: Spectral/Engineering >Radar >Radar Reflectivity
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title: Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Project Keywords
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date: 2020-01-09
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edition: 9.1
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organisationName: NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Earth Science Data and Information System
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keyword: Vertical Location > Ionosphere
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title: NASA/GCMD Location Keywords
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keyword: DOC/NOAA/NESDIS/NCEI > National Centers for Environmental Information, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce
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useLimitation: While every effort has been made to ensure that these data are accurate and reliable within the limits of the current state of the art, NOAA cannot assume liability for any damages caused by any errors or omissions in the data, nor as a result of the failure of the data to function on a particular system. NOAA makes no warranty, expressed or implied, nor does the fact of distribution constitute such a warranty.
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language: eng; USA
topicCategory: (MD_TopicCategoryCode) geoscientificInformation
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northBoundLatitude: 90
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extent:
TimePeriod:
beginPosition: 1958-01-01
endPosition:
supplementalInformation: Every Ionosonde station has it's own metadata record in Spidr and also in the Ionosonde Record Set here in the NMMR
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distributionInfo: (MD_Distribution)
distributionFormat: (MD_Format)
name: via ftp: SAO, EDP GIF, PNG, MMM, 16C, RSF, SDF, GRM, DFT and SKY via Spidr: ASCII, XML Matlab
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individualName: Justin Mabie
organisationName: DOC/NOAA/NESDIS/NCEI > National Centers for Environmental Information, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce
positionName: Space and Terrestrial Weather Specialist
contactInfo: (CI_Contact)
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voice: (303) 497-6135
facsimile: (303) 497-6513
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deliveryPoint: 325 Broadway, Mail Code E/GC4
city: Boulder
administrativeArea: CO
postalCode: 80305-3328
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linkage: ftp://ftp.ngdc.noaa.gov/ionosonde
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name: Index of STP/Ionosphere
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linkage: http://spidr.ngdc.noaa.gov
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linkage: ftp://ftp.ngdc.noaa.gov/ionosonde
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other: NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information
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description: NOAA created the National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) by merging NOAA's National Climatic Data Center (NCDC), National Geophysical Data Center (NGDC), and National Oceanographic Data Center (NODC), including the National Coastal Data Development Center (NCDDC), per the Consolidated and Further Continuing Appropriations Act, 2015, Public Law 113-235. NCEI launched publicly on April 22, 2015.
dateTime:
DateTime: 2015-04-22T00:00:00
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metadataMaintenance: (MD_MaintenanceInformation)
maintenanceAndUpdateFrequency: (MD_MaintenanceFrequencyCode) annually
maintenanceNote: This metadata was automatically generated from the Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata: Extensions for Remote Sensing Metadata standard (version FGDC-STD-012-2002) using the 2012-08-08 version of the FGDC RSE to ISO 19115-2 transform.
maintenanceNote: Translated from FGDC 2012-10-10T11:08:33.458-06:00
maintenanceNote: This record was automatically modified on 2015-09-18 to include references to NCEI where applicable.
contact: (CI_ResponsibleParty)
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positionName: Metadata Specialist
role: (CI_RoleCode) editor
contact: (CI_ResponsibleParty)
individualName: Justin Mabie
organisationName: DOC/NOAA/NESDIS/NCEI > National Centers for Environmental Information, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce
positionName: Space and Terrestrial Weather Specialist
contactInfo: (CI_Contact)
phone: (CI_Telephone)
voice: (303) 497-6135
facsimile: (303) 497-6513
address: (CI_Address)
deliveryPoint: 325 Broadway, Mail Code E/GC4
city: Boulder
administrativeArea: CO
postalCode: 80305-3328
country: USA
electronicMailAddress: Justin.Mabie@noaa.gov
role: (CI_RoleCode) pointOfContact