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Sub-daily meteorological data collected at Montevergine Observatory (Southern Apennines), Italy from 1884-01-01 to 1963-12-31 (NCEI Accession 0205785)

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This work presents the rescue of the sub-daily meteorological observations collected at Montevergine Observatory (hereafter, MVOBS) from 1884 to 1963. MVOBS is located on the Southern Apennines (40.936502 N, 14.729150 E) at an elevation of 1280 m above sea level (asl). The sub-daily dataset consists of three daily observations (performed at about 8:00, 14:00 and 20:00 hours) of several atmospheric variables. The data, originally available only on paper, have been digitized following the World Meteorological Organization standard practices. The following variables: dry bulb temperature, wet bulb temperature, water vapor pressure, relative humidity, atmospheric pressure, cloud cover, rainfall, snowfall, equivalent liquid precipitation underwent a dedicated quality control process. After a cross-check based on a manual inspection, three consecutive quality control tests have been applied:- Gross error test: verifies if the data are within acceptable range limits. Data passing this test have been labeled as QC = 1, otherwise they have been labeled as QC = 8 (bad data) or QC = 9 (suspicious data);- Tolerance test: flags the values that are above or below monthly climatological limits, defined according to probability distribution model. This test has been applied to all investigated parameters, except of cloud cover. Data that have passed gross and tolerance test have been labeled as QC = 2;- Temporal coherency test: checks the rate of change, flagging unrealistic jumps in adjacent values This test has not been applied to rainfall, snowfall and cloud cover records. Data that have passed gross, tolerance and temporal coherency tests have been labeled as QC = 3. The quality flag value is associated to each measurement/observation and is indicated in a dedicated column for each variable. Furthermore, a set of additional parameters, not statistically quality controlled, is provided including the following variables: cloud type, precipitation type, wind direction, wind speed, cloud direction, snow depth, low level cloud base height and low level cloud cover. Historical notes from the observer in the original language (Italian) are also provided.

Time coverage may vary according to the parameter, missing data are represented by NaN. Two different version of the dataset are provided in excel format: "subdaily_data_MVOBS_raw" includes all the observed parameters without any quality control procedure. "subdaily_data_MVOBS_QC_VARIABLES" including data from all the variables that have been checked with the statistical quality control procedures.
  • Cite as: Capozzi, Vincenzo; Cotroneo, Yuri; Castagno, Pasquale; De Vivo, Carmela; Komar, Andrew; Guariglia, Riccardo; Budillon, Giorgio (2019). Sub-daily meteorological data collected at Montevergine Observatory (Southern Apennines), Italy from 1884-01-01 to 1963-12-31 (NCEI Accession 0205785). [indicate subset used]. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information. Dataset. https://doi.org/10.25921/cx3g-rj98. Accessed [date].
gov.noaa.nodc:0205785
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Distribution Formats
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Distributor NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information
+1-301-713-3277
NCEI.Info@noaa.gov
Dataset Point of Contact NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information
ncei.info@noaa.gov
Time Period 1884-01-01 to 1963-12-31
Spatial Bounding Box Coordinates
West: 14.72915
East: 14.72915
South: 40.936502
North: 40.936502
Spatial Coverage Map
General Documentation
Associated Resources
Publication Dates
  • publication: 2019-10-25
Data Presentation Form Digital table - digital representation of facts or figures systematically displayed, especially in columns
Dataset Progress Status Complete - production of the data has been completed
Historical archive - data has been stored in an offline storage facility
Data Update Frequency As needed
Supplemental Information
Submission Package ID: RK4CYE
Purpose We present a new high quality sub-daily meteorological dataset that can be of highly interest for the scientific community. In particular, MVOBSV dataset can enhance the understanding of high altitude weather and climate variability and contributes to improve the accuracy of reanalysis products prior the 1950s.
Use Limitations
  • accessLevel: Public
  • Distribution liability: NOAA and NCEI make no warranty, expressed or implied, regarding these data, nor does the fact of distribution constitute such a warranty. NOAA and NCEI cannot assume liability for any damages caused by any errors or omissions in these data. If appropriate, NCEI can only certify that the data it distributes are an authentic copy of the records that were accepted for inclusion in the NCEI archives.
Dataset Citation
  • Cite as: Capozzi, Vincenzo; Cotroneo, Yuri; Castagno, Pasquale; De Vivo, Carmela; Komar, Andrew; Guariglia, Riccardo; Budillon, Giorgio (2019). Sub-daily meteorological data collected at Montevergine Observatory (Southern Apennines), Italy from 1884-01-01 to 1963-12-31 (NCEI Accession 0205785). [indicate subset used]. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information. Dataset. https://doi.org/10.25921/cx3g-rj98. Accessed [date].
Cited Authors
Principal Investigators
Collaborators
Contributors
Resource Providers
Points of Contact
Publishers
Theme keywords NODC DATA TYPES THESAURUS NODC OBSERVATION TYPES THESAURUS WMO_CategoryCode
  • oceanography
Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Science Keywords Originator Keywords
  • Equivalent Liquid Precipitation (ELP)
  • Station pressure
  • precipitation_type_hail
  • precipitation_type_rain
  • precipitation_type_snow
  • precipitation_type_snowgrains
  • rainfall
  • snowfall
  • vapor pressure
Data Center keywords NODC COLLECTING INSTITUTION NAMES THESAURUS NODC SUBMITTING INSTITUTION NAMES THESAURUS
Instrument keywords NODC INSTRUMENT TYPES THESAURUS Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Instrument Keywords Originator Instruments
  • hygrograph
  • psycrometer
Originator Project Names
  • EPIMETEO - “Development and application of new methodologies for the analysis of meteorological data acquired with traditional and innovative techniques” Parthenope University of Naples
  • EPIMETEO - “Sviluppo e applicazione di nuove metodologie per l’analisi di dati meteorologici acquisiti con tecniche tradizionali e innovative” Parthenope University of Naples
Project keywords Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Project Keywords
Keywords NCEI ACCESSION NUMBER
Use Constraints
  • Cite as: Capozzi, Vincenzo; Cotroneo, Yuri; Castagno, Pasquale; De Vivo, Carmela; Komar, Andrew; Guariglia, Riccardo; Budillon, Giorgio (2019). Sub-daily meteorological data collected at Montevergine Observatory (Southern Apennines), Italy from 1884-01-01 to 1963-12-31 (NCEI Accession 0205785). [indicate subset used]. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information. Dataset. https://doi.org/10.25921/cx3g-rj98. Accessed [date].
Access Constraints
  • Use liability: NOAA and NCEI cannot provide any warranty as to the accuracy, reliability, or completeness of furnished data. Users assume responsibility to determine the usability of these data. The user is responsible for the results of any application of this data for other than its intended purpose.
Fees
  • In most cases, electronic downloads of the data are free. However, fees may apply for custom orders, data certifications, copies of analog materials, and data distribution on physical media.
Lineage information for: dataset
Processing Steps
  • 2019-10-25T16:44:29Z - NCEI Accession 0205785 v1.1 was published.
Output Datasets
Lineage information for: dataset
Processing Steps
  • Parameter or Variable: PRESSURE - BAROMETRIC [BAROMETRIC PRESSURE] (measured); Units: hPa; Observation Category: in situ; Sampling Instrument: barometers; Sampling and Analyzing Method: Three daily direct measurements; Data Quality Method: The quality level of the data has been assessed through a first visual inspection and three consecutive objective statistical methods: A-Gross error test: verifies if the data are within acceptable range limits. Data passing this test have been labelled as QC = 1, otherwise they have been labelled as QC = 8 (bad data) or QC = 9 (suspicious data); B-Tolerance test: flags the values that are above or below monthly climatological limits, defined according to probability distribution model. Data that have passed gross and tolerance test have been labelled as QC = 2; C-Temporal coherency test: checks the rate of change, flagging unrealistic jumps in adjacent values. Data that have passed gross, tolerance and temporal coherency tests have been labelled as QC = 3..
  • Parameter or Variable: AIR TEMPERATURE - DRY BULB (measured); Units: centidegrees Celsius; Observation Category: in situ; Sampling Instrument: Psychrometer; Sampling and Analyzing Method: Three daily direct measurements; Data Quality Method: The quality level of the data has been assessed through a first visual inspection and three consecutive objective statistical methods: A-Gross error test: verifies if the data are within acceptable range limits. Data passing this test have been labelled as QC = 1, otherwise they have been labelled as QC = 8 (bad data) or QC = 9 (suspicious data); B-Tolerance test: flags the values that are above or below monthly climatological limits, defined according to probability distribution model. Data that have passed gross and tolerance test have been labelled as QC = 2; C-Temporal coherency test: checks the rate of change, flagging unrealistic jumps in adjacent values. Data that have passed gross, tolerance and temporal coherency tests have been labelled as QC = 3..
  • Parameter or Variable: AIR TEMPERATURE - WET BULB (measured); Units: centidegrees Celsius; Observation Category: in situ; Sampling Instrument: Psychrometer; Sampling and Analyzing Method: Three daily direct measurements; Data Quality Method: The quality level of the data has been assessed through a first visual inspection and three consecutive objective statistical methods: A-Gross error test: verifies if the data are within acceptable range limits. Data passing this test have been labelled as QC = 1, otherwise they have been labelled as QC = 8 (bad data) or QC = 9 (suspicious data); B-Tolerance test: flags the values that are above or below monthly climatological limits, defined according to probability distribution model. Data that have passed gross and tolerance test have been labelled as QC = 2; C-Temporal coherency test: checks the rate of change, flagging unrealistic jumps in adjacent values. Data that have passed gross, tolerance and temporal coherency tests have been labelled as QC = 3..
  • Parameter or Variable: PARTIAL PRESSURE OF WATER VAPOR (calculated); Units: hPa; Observation Category: in situ; Sampling Instrument: Psychrometer; Sampling and Analyzing Method: Three daily retrievals from psychrometric measurements; Data Quality Method: The quality level of the data has been assessed through a first visual inspection and three consecutive objective statistical methods: A-Gross error test: verifies if the data are within acceptable range limits. Data passing this test have been labelled as QC = 1, otherwise they have been labelled as QC = 8 (bad data) or QC = 9 (suspicious data); B-Tolerance test: flags the values that are above or below monthly climatological limits, defined according to probability distribution model. Data that have passed gross and tolerance test have been labelled as QC = 2; C-Temporal coherency test: checks the rate of change, flagging unrealistic jumps in adjacent values. Data that have passed gross, tolerance and temporal coherency tests have been labelled as QC = 3..
  • Parameter or Variable: RELATIVE HUMIDITY (calculated); Units: percent; Observation Category: in situ; Sampling Instrument: Psychrometer; Sampling and Analyzing Method: Three daily retrievals. This parameter is mainly retrieved from psychrometric measurements, except for some sporadic direct measurement performed using a Thermo-hygrograph. The different measurement type is indicated in a dedicated file column.; Data Quality Method: The quality level of the data has been assessed through a first visual inspection and three consecutive objective statistical methods: A-Gross error test: verifies if the data are within acceptable range limits. Data passing this test have been labelled as QC = 1, otherwise they have been labelled as QC = 8 (bad data) or QC = 9 (suspicious data); B-Tolerance test: flags the values that are above or below monthly climatological limits, defined according to probability distribution model. Data that have passed gross and tolerance test have been labelled as QC = 2; C-Temporal coherency test: checks the rate of change, flagging unrealistic jumps in adjacent values. Data that have passed gross, tolerance and temporal coherency tests have been labelled as QC = 3..
  • Parameter or Variable: CLOUD AMOUNT/FREQUENCY (measured); Units: tenths; Observation Category: in situ; Sampling Instrument: visual estimate; Sampling and Analyzing Method: Three daily observations of cloud cover. 0=clear sky, 10=overcast; Data Quality Method: The quality level of the data has been assessed through a first visual inspection and three consecutive objective statistical methods: A-Gross error test: verifies if the data are within acceptable range limits. Data passing this test have been labelled as QC = 1, otherwise they have been labelled as QC = 8 (bad data) or QC = 9 (suspicious data).
  • Parameter or Variable: NO CLOUD (measured); Units: integer; Observation Category: in situ; Sampling Instrument: visual observation; Sampling and Analyzing Method: Three daily observations of clear sky conditions. 1= presence; 0=absence; Data Quality Method: NA.
  • Parameter or Variable: CLOUD TYPE CUMULI (measured); Units: integer; Observation Category: in situ; Sampling Instrument: visual observation; Sampling and Analyzing Method: Three daily observations of cumuli cloud presence. 1= presence; 0=absence; Data Quality Method: NA.
  • Parameter or Variable: CLOUD TYPE STRATI (measured); Units: integer; Observation Category: in situ; Sampling Instrument: visual observation; Sampling and Analyzing Method: Three daily observations of strati cloud presence. 1= presence; 0=absence; Data Quality Method: NA.
  • Parameter or Variable: CLOUD TYPE CIRRI (measured); Units: integer; Observation Category: in situ; Sampling Instrument: visual observation; Sampling and Analyzing Method: Three daily observations of cirri cloud presence. 1= presence; 0=absence; Data Quality Method: NA.
  • Parameter or Variable: INVISIBLE SKY (measured); Units: integer; Observation Category: in situ; Sampling Instrument: visual observation; Sampling and Analyzing Method: Three daily observations of invisible sky conditions. 1= presence; 0=absence; Data Quality Method: NA.
  • Parameter or Variable: PRECIPITATION AMOUNT (measured); Units: mm; Observation Category: in situ; Sampling Instrument: rain gauge; Sampling and Analyzing Method: Three daily measurements; Data Quality Method: The quality level of the data has been assessed through a first visual inspection and two consecutive objective statistical methods: A-Gross error test: verifies if the data are within acceptable range limits. Data passing this test have been labelled as QC = 1, otherwise they have been labelled as QC = 8 (bad data) or QC = 9 (suspicious data); B-Tolerance test: flags the values that are above or below monthly climatological limits, defined according to probability distribution model. Data that have passed gross and tolerance test have been labelled as QC = 2;.
  • Parameter or Variable: SNOW AMOUNT (measured); Units: cm; Observation Category: in situ; Sampling Instrument: snowboard - WMO; Sampling and Analyzing Method: Three daily measurements; Data Quality Method: The quality level of the data has been assessed through a first visual inspection and two consecutive objective statistical methods: A-Gross error test: verifies if the data are within acceptable range limits. Data passing this test have been labelled as QC = 1, otherwise they have been labelled as QC = 8 (bad data) or QC = 9 (suspicious data); B-Tolerance test: flags the values that are above or below monthly climatological limits, defined according to probability distribution model. Data that have passed gross and tolerance test have been labelled as QC = 2;.
  • Parameter or Variable: EQUIVALENT LIQUID PRECIPITATION AMOUNT (measured); Units: mm; Observation Category: in situ; Sampling Instrument: rain gauge; Sampling and Analyzing Method: Three daily measurements. This value is retieved from the liquid equivalent of the melted snow collected in the rain gauge or from the direct measurement of the water contained in it. In the case of unmelted snow presence, the equivalence 1 snow cm = 1 rain mm has been adopted. The different measurement type is indicated in a dedicated file column.; Data Quality Method: The quality level of the data has been assessed through a first visual inspection and two consecutive objective statistical methods: A-Gross error test: verifies if the data are within acceptable range limits. Data passing this test have been labelled as QC = 1, otherwise they have been labelled as QC = 8 (bad data) or QC = 9 (suspicious data); B-Tolerance test: flags the values that are above or below monthly climatological limits, defined according to probability distribution model. Data that have passed gross and tolerance test have been labelled as QC = 2;.
  • Parameter or Variable: PRECIPITATION TYPE RAIN (measured); Units: integer; Observation Category: in situ; Sampling Instrument: visual observation; Sampling and Analyzing Method: Three daily observations of rain presence. 1= presence; 0=absence; Data Quality Method: NA.
  • Parameter or Variable: PRECIPITATION TYPE SNOW (measured); Units: integer; Observation Category: in situ; Sampling Instrument: visual observation; Sampling and Analyzing Method: Three daily observations of snow presence. 1= presence; 0=absence; Data Quality Method: NA.
  • Parameter or Variable: PRECIPITATION TYPE HAIL (measured); Units: integer; Observation Category: in situ; Sampling Instrument: visual observation; Sampling and Analyzing Method: Three daily observations of hail presence. 1= presence; 0=absence; Data Quality Method: NA.
  • Parameter or Variable: PRECIPITATION TYPE SNOWGRAINS (measured); Units: integer; Observation Category: in situ; Sampling Instrument: visual observation; Sampling and Analyzing Method: Three daily observations of snowgrains presence. 1= presence; 0=absence; Data Quality Method: NA.
  • Parameter or Variable: WIND DIRECTION (measured); Units: cardinal direction; Observation Category: in situ; Sampling Instrument: anemoscope; Sampling and Analyzing Method: Three daily observations; Data Quality Method: NA.
  • Parameter or Variable: WIND FORCE (measured); Units: classes; Observation Category: in situ; Sampling Instrument: visual estimate; Sampling and Analyzing Method: Three daily retrievals. This parameter is mainly retrieved from visual estimations, except for some sporadic direct measurement performed using an anemometer. The different measurement type is indicated in a dedicated file column.; Data Quality Method: NA.
  • Parameter or Variable: CLOUD DIRECTION (measured); Units: cardinal direction; Observation Category: in situ; Sampling Instrument: nephoscope; Sampling and Analyzing Method: Three daily measurements; Data Quality Method: NA.
  • Parameter or Variable: SNOW THICKNESS (measured); Units: cm; Observation Category: in situ; Sampling Instrument: snowboard; Sampling and Analyzing Method: Three daily measurements; Data Quality Method: NA.
  • Parameter or Variable: VISIBILITY (measured); Units: km; Observation Category: in situ; Sampling Instrument: visual estimate; Sampling and Analyzing Method: Three daily estimates; Data Quality Method: NA.
  • Parameter or Variable: LOW LEVEL CLOUD COVER (measured); Units: tenths; Observation Category: in situ; Sampling Instrument: visual estimate; Sampling and Analyzing Method: Three daily observations of low level cloud cover. This parameter is referred to the presence of clouds exclusively in the lower layer of the atmosphere. 0=no low clouds, 10=full cover by low clouds; Data Quality Method: NA.
  • Parameter or Variable: LOW LEVEL CLOUD BASE HEIGHT (measured); Units: m; Observation Category: in situ; Sampling Instrument: nephoscope; Sampling and Analyzing Method: Three daily measurements; Data Quality Method: NA.
Acquisition Information (collection)
Instrument
  • barometer
  • rain gauge
  • visual estimate
  • visual observation
Last Modified: 2023-11-27T16:29:55Z
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