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Community Structure of Fish and Macrobenthos at Selected Shallow-water Sites in Relation to the Barber's Point Outfall, Oahu, Hawaii, 1991 - 1999 (NCEI Accession 0000174)


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            title:  Community Structure of Fish and Macrobenthos at Selected Shallow-water Sites in Relation to the Barber's Point Outfall, Oahu, Hawaii, 1991 - 1999 (NCEI Accession 0000174)
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                date:  2001-04-16
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                  Anchor:  https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/archive-management-system/OAS/bin/prd/jquery/person/details/1001 Richard E. Brock
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                  Anchor:  https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/archive-management-system/OAS/bin/prd/jquery/institution/details/231 University of Hawai'i at Mānoa (UHM)
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                  Anchor:  https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/archive-management-system/OAS/bin/prd/jquery/institution/details/231 University of Hawai'i at Mānoa (UHM)
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                  Anchor:  https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/archive-management-system/OAS/bin/prd/jquery/person/details/1001 Brock, Richard E.
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                  Anchor:  https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/archive-management-system/OAS/bin/prd/jquery/institution/details/231 Sea Grant, University Of Hawaii at Manoa
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        abstract:  This report provides the results of the eight years of an annual quantitative monitoring of shallow marine communities inshore of the Barbers Point Ocean Outfall located in 61 m of water offshore of Ewa Beach, Oahu, Hawaii. The monitoring effort focuses on benthic and fish community structure and is designed to detect changes in these communities. Field sampling was first carried out in August 1991 when three study stations were established: Station BP-1, a control station 2.2 km inshore and east of the outfall terminus; Station BP-2, an experimental station about 1.6 km inshore of the terminus; and Station BP-3, an experimental station about 2.9 km west and inshore of the terminus. The second field effort, completed in May and September 1993, resurveyed the above stations as well as established a fourth station (BP-4) on and adjacent to the basalt armor caprock protecting the discharge pipe in 13 m of water and directly inshore of the outfall terminus. Subsequent field surveys were completed in March and April 1994, in June 1995, in May 1996, in February and April 1997, in January and March 1998, and the most recent in January 1999. These permanently marked stations are sited to capitalize on presumed gradients of impact that may be created by the discharge and movement of treated sewage effluent toward the shore and the coral reef communities. Data from the first survey suggested that marine communities offshore of Ewa Beach receive disturbance from a number of possible sources, with the largest perturbation probably coming from natural disturbance caused by occasional wave impact. This was most evident at the station directly inshore of the outfall. Data from Station BP-4 showed that benthic communities situated on armor rock which rises above the flat limestone substratum are not subjected to the same sand scour as those situated on the limestone; thus the coral communities on the elevated caprock are better developed on this substrate. A comparison of the data from the eight annual surveys indicated that no statistically significant change has occurred in the measured biological parameters at these permanent stations, despite the imposition of a major hurricane on these marine communities in September 1992. Thus the data to date support the contention that the operation of the Barbers Point deep-ocean outfall is not having a quantifiable impact on the coral reef resources situated inshore of the outfall terminus.
        purpose:  Determine the status of the marine resources in the vicinity of the discharge in an effort to quantitatively ascertain if any impacts are occurring to the coral reef biota.
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            keyword:  Coastal studies
            keyword:  Coral reef monitoring and assessment
            keyword:  algal species
            keyword:  coral species
            keyword:  fish biomass
            keyword:  fish census
            keyword:  fish species
            keyword:  invertebrate species
            keyword:  macroinvertebrate census
            keyword:  percent oxygen concentration
            keyword:  salinity
            keyword:  substratum percent cover (coral, algal, rock, sand)
            keyword:  temperature
            keyword:  water clarity (turbidity), extinction
            type:  (MD_KeywordTypeCode) theme
            thesaurusName:  (CI_Citation)
                title:  Originator Keywords
                date: (inapplicable)
        descriptiveKeywords:  (MD_Keywords)
            keyword:
              Anchor:  https://gcmd.earthdata.nasa.gov/kms/concept/fdcfecd6-9731-450e-94e8-5bc4c04e22a2 OXYGEN METERS > OXYGEN METERS
            keyword:
              Anchor:  https://gcmd.earthdata.nasa.gov/kms/concept/c5824666-8c74-404a-9303-c67fc0c4bd8f SECCHI DISKS > SECCHI DISKS
            keyword:
              Anchor:  https://gcmd.earthdata.nasa.gov/kms/concept/0982484f-4bb9-41dd-8841-931435cc138d VISUAL OBSERVATIONS > VISUAL OBSERVATIONS
            type:  (MD_KeywordTypeCode) instrument
            thesaurusName:  (CI_Citation)
                title:  Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Instrument Keywords
                date:  (CI_Date)
                    date:  2023
                    dateType:  (CI_DateTypeCode) revision
                edition:  17
                citedResponsibleParty:  (CI_ResponsibleParty)
                    organisationName:  Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)
                    contactInfo:  (CI_Contact)
                        address:  (CI_Address)
                            city:  Greenbelt
                            administrativeArea:  MD
                        onlineResource:  (CI_OnlineResource)
                            linkage: https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords
                            protocol:  HTTPS
                            name:  GCMD Keyword Forum Page
                            description:  Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2023. GCMD Keywords, Version 17. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords
                            function:  (CI_OnLineFunctionCode) information
                    role:  (CI_RoleCode) custodian
        descriptiveKeywords:  (MD_Keywords)
            keyword:  YSI Model 57 Oxygen meter
            keyword:  hand-held refractometer
            keyword:  visual census
            type:  (MD_KeywordTypeCode) instrument
            thesaurusName:  (CI_Citation)
                title:  Originator Instruments
                date: (inapplicable)
        descriptiveKeywords:  (MD_Keywords)
            keyword:
              Anchor:  https://vocab.ices.dk/services/pox/GetCodeDetail/SHIPC/33DV SWIMMER/DIVER (ICES code: 33DV)
            type:  (MD_KeywordTypeCode) platform
            thesaurusName:  (CI_Citation)
                title:  ICES/SeaDataNet Ship Codes
                date: (inapplicable)
        descriptiveKeywords:  (MD_Keywords)
            keyword:
              Anchor:  https://gcmd.earthdata.nasa.gov/kms/concept/2006ec69-34f2-4ece-8823-6dc49f892b02 OCEAN > PACIFIC OCEAN > CENTRAL PACIFIC OCEAN > HAWAIIAN ISLANDS
            keyword:
              Anchor:  https://gcmd.earthdata.nasa.gov/kms/concept/5488b1cc-08b2-41cf-9bd2-4a2cdd0990de OCEAN > PACIFIC OCEAN > NORTH PACIFIC OCEAN
            type:  (MD_KeywordTypeCode) place
            thesaurusName:  (CI_Citation)
                title:  Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Location Keywords
                date:  (CI_Date)
                    date:  2023
                    dateType:  (CI_DateTypeCode) revision
                edition:  17
                citedResponsibleParty:  (CI_ResponsibleParty)
                    organisationName:  Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)
                    contactInfo:  (CI_Contact)
                        address:  (CI_Address)
                            city:  Greenbelt
                            administrativeArea:  MD
                        onlineResource:  (CI_OnlineResource)
                            linkage: https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords
                            protocol:  HTTPS
                            name:  GCMD Keyword Forum Page
                            description:  Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2023. GCMD Keywords, Version 17. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords
                            function:  (CI_OnLineFunctionCode) information
                    role:  (CI_RoleCode) custodian
        descriptiveKeywords:  (MD_Keywords)
            keyword:  Barbers Point (Kalaeloa)
            keyword:  Ewa Beach
            keyword:  Hawaii
            keyword:  Oahu
            keyword:  Pacific Ocean
            type:  (MD_KeywordTypeCode) place
            thesaurusName:  (CI_Citation)
                title:  Originator Place Names
                date: (inapplicable)
        descriptiveKeywords:  (MD_Keywords)
            keyword:  benthic
            type:  (MD_KeywordTypeCode) place
            thesaurusName:  (CI_Citation)
                title:  Originator Stratum Keywords
                date: (inapplicable)
        descriptiveKeywords:  (MD_Keywords)
            keyword:
              Anchor:  https://gcmd.earthdata.nasa.gov/kms/concept/096fd984-efe4-45db-9827-5ef972fedd5d VERTICAL LOCATION > SEA FLOOR
            type:  (MD_KeywordTypeCode) stratum
            thesaurusName:  (CI_Citation)
                title:  Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Stratum Keywords
                date:  (CI_Date)
                    date:  2023
                    dateType:  (CI_DateTypeCode) revision
                edition:  17
                citedResponsibleParty:  (CI_ResponsibleParty)
                    organisationName:  Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)
                    contactInfo:  (CI_Contact)
                        address:  (CI_Address)
                            city:  Greenbelt
                            administrativeArea:  MD
                        onlineResource:  (CI_OnlineResource)
                            linkage: https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords
                            protocol:  HTTPS
                            name:  GCMD Keyword Forum Page
                            description:  Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2023. GCMD Keywords, Version 17. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords
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        resourceConstraints:  (MD_Constraints)
            useLimitation:  accessLevel: Public
        resourceConstraints:  (MD_LegalConstraints)
            useConstraints:  (MD_RestrictionCode) otherRestrictions
            otherConstraints:  Cite as: Brock, Richard E.; Fujioka, Roger S.; Moncur, James E.T.; Water Resources Research Center, University Of Hawaii at Manoa (2001). Community Structure of Fish and Macrobenthos at Selected Shallow-water Sites in Relation to the Barber's Point Outfall, Oahu, Hawaii, 1991 - 1999 (NCEI Accession 0000174). [indicate subset used]. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information. Dataset. https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/accession/0000174. Accessed [date].
        resourceConstraints:  (MD_LegalConstraints)
            useLimitation:  Distribution liability: NOAA and NCEI make no warranty, expressed or implied, regarding these data, nor does the fact of distribution constitute such a warranty. NOAA and NCEI cannot assume liability for any damages caused by any errors or omissions in these data. If appropriate, NCEI can only certify that the data it distributes are an authentic copy of the records that were accepted for inclusion in the NCEI archives.
        resourceConstraints:  (MD_LegalConstraints)
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            otherConstraints:  Use liability: NOAA and NCEI cannot provide any warranty as to the accuracy, reliability, or completeness of furnished data. Users assume responsibility to determine the usability of these data. The user is responsible for the results of any application of this data for other than its intended purpose.
        aggregationInfo:  (MD_AggregateInformation)
            aggregateDataSetName:  (CI_Citation)
                title:  UH WRRC Ocean Outfall Biomonitoring: surveys and sampling data at selected sites near ocean sewage outfalls around Oahu, Hawaii, from 1990 to 2010
                date:  (CI_Date)
                    date:  2001-04-16
                    dateType:  (CI_DateTypeCode) publication
                identifier:  (MD_Identifier)
                    authority:  (CI_Citation)
                        title:  NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information
                        date: (inapplicable)
                    code:  gov.noaa.nodc:UH-WRRC-Ocean-Outfall-Biomonitoring
                citedResponsibleParty:  (CI_ResponsibleParty)
                    positionName: (unknown)
                    contactInfo:  (CI_Contact)
                        onlineResource:  (CI_OnlineResource)
                            linkage: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/accession/UH-WRRC-Ocean-Outfall-Biomonitoring
                            protocol:  HTTPS
                            name:  NCEI Collection
                            description:  Navigate directly to the URL for data access and direct download.
                            function:  (CI_OnLineFunctionCode) information
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                citedResponsibleParty:  (CI_ResponsibleParty)
                    organisationName:  NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information
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        language:
          LanguageCode:  eng; USA
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        topicCategory:  (MD_TopicCategoryCode) oceans
        topicCategory:  (MD_TopicCategoryCode) biota
        extent:  (EX_Extent)
            geographicElement:  (EX_GeographicBoundingBox)
                westBoundLongitude:  -158.07
                eastBoundLongitude:  -158.03
                southBoundLatitude:  21.3
                northBoundLatitude:  21.32
            temporalElement:  (EX_TemporalExtent)
                extent:
                  TimePeriod:
                    beginPosition:  1991-08-19
                    endPosition:  1999-01-27
        supplementalInformation: (missing)
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    distributionInfo:  (MD_Distribution)
        distributor:  (MD_Distributor)
            distributorContact:  (CI_ResponsibleParty)
                organisationName:
                  Anchor:  https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/archive-management-system/OAS/bin/prd/jquery/institution/details/1730 NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information
                contactInfo:  (CI_Contact)
                    phone:  (CI_Telephone)
                        voice:  +1-301-713-3277
                    address:  (CI_Address)
                        electronicMailAddress:  NCEI.Info@noaa.gov
                role:  (CI_RoleCode) pointOfContact
            distributionOrderProcess:  (MD_StandardOrderProcess)
                fees:  In most cases, electronic downloads of the data are free. However, fees may apply for custom orders, data certifications, copies of analog materials, and data distribution on physical media.
                orderingInstructions:  Contact NCEI for other distribution options and instructions.
            distributorFormat:  (MD_Format)
                name:  Word
                version: (unknown)
            distributorTransferOptions:  (MD_DigitalTransferOptions)
                transferSize:
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                    linkage: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/accession/0000174
                    protocol:  HTTPS
                    applicationProfile:  Web browser
                    name:  NCEI Dataset Landing Page
                    description:  Navigate directly to the URL for a descriptive web page with download links.
                    function:  (CI_OnLineFunctionCode) information
                onLine:  (CI_OnlineResource)
                    linkage: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/accession/oas/174
                    protocol:  HTTPS
                    applicationProfile:  Web browser
                    name:  Descriptive Information
                    description:  Navigate directly to the URL for a descriptive web page with download links.
                    function:  (CI_OnLineFunctionCode) information
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                    linkage: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/accession/download/174
                    protocol:  HTTPS
                    applicationProfile:  Web browser
                    name:  HTTPS
                    description:  Navigate directly to the URL for data access and direct download.
                    function:  (CI_OnLineFunctionCode) download
                onLine:  (CI_OnlineResource)
                    linkage: ftp://ftp-oceans.ncei.noaa.gov/nodc/archive/arc0001/0000174/
                    protocol:  FTP
                    applicationProfile:  Any FTP client
                    name:  FTP
                    description:  These data are available through the File Transfer Protocol (FTP). FTP is no longer supported by most internet browsers. You may copy and paste the FTP link to the data into an FTP client (e.g., FileZilla or WinSCP).
                    function:  (CI_OnLineFunctionCode) download
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    dataQualityInfo:  (DQ_DataQuality)
        scope:  (DQ_Scope)
            level:  (MD_ScopeCode) dataset
        lineage:  (LI_Lineage)
            processStep:  (LE_ProcessStep)
                description:  NCEI Accession 0000174 v1.1 was published.
                dateTime:
                  DateTime:  2001-04-16T04:00:00Z
                output:  (LE_Source)
                    sourceCitation:  (CI_Citation)
                        title:  NCEI Accession 0000174 v1.1
                        date:  (CI_Date)
                            date: (inapplicable)
                            dateType:  (CI_DateTypeCode) publication
                        citedResponsibleParty:  (CI_ResponsibleParty)
                            individualName: (inapplicable)
                            contactInfo:  (CI_Contact)
                                onlineResource:  (CI_OnlineResource)
                                    linkage: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/accession/0000174/1.1
                                    protocol:  HTTPS
                                    name:  NCEI Accession 0000174 v1.1
                                    description:  published 2001-04-16T04:00:00Z
                                    function:  (CI_OnLineFunctionCode) download
                            role: (inapplicable)
            processStep:  (LE_ProcessStep)
                description:  NCEI Accession 0000174 was revised and v2.2 was published.
                rationale:  Updates were received for this dataset. These updates were copied into the data/0-data/ directory of this accession. These updates may provide additional files or replace obsolete files. This version contains the most complete and up-to-date representation of this archival information package. All of the files received prior to this update are available in the preceding version of this accession.
                dateTime:
                  DateTime:  2001-04-16T04:00:00Z
                output:  (LE_Source)
                    sourceCitation:  (CI_Citation)
                        title:  NCEI Accession 0000174 v2.2
                        date:  (CI_Date)
                            date: (inapplicable)
                            dateType:  (CI_DateTypeCode) publication
                        citedResponsibleParty:  (CI_ResponsibleParty)
                            individualName: (inapplicable)
                            contactInfo:  (CI_Contact)
                                onlineResource:  (CI_OnlineResource)
                                    linkage: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/accession/0000174/2.2
                                    protocol:  HTTPS
                                    name:  NCEI Accession 0000174 v2.2
                                    description:  published 2001-04-16T04:00:00Z
                                    function:  (CI_OnLineFunctionCode) download
                            role: (inapplicable)
            processStep:  (LE_ProcessStep)
                description:  NCEI Accession 0000174 was revised and v2.3 was published.
                rationale:  Additional metadata files were received or created for this dataset. These updates were copied into the about/ directory of this accession. These updates may provide additional files or replace obsolete files. This version contains the most complete and up-to-date representation of this archival information package. All of the files received prior to this update are available in the preceding version of this accession.
                dateTime:
                  DateTime:  2022-01-02T20:30:20Z
                output:  (LE_Source)
                    sourceCitation:  (CI_Citation)
                        title:  NCEI Accession 0000174 v2.3
                        date:  (CI_Date)
                            date: (inapplicable)
                            dateType:  (CI_DateTypeCode) publication
                        citedResponsibleParty:  (CI_ResponsibleParty)
                            individualName: (inapplicable)
                            contactInfo:  (CI_Contact)
                                onlineResource:  (CI_OnlineResource)
                                    linkage: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/accession/0000174/2.3
                                    protocol:  HTTPS
                                    name:  NCEI Accession 0000174 v2.3
                                    description:  published 2022-01-02T20:30:20Z
                                    function:  (CI_OnLineFunctionCode) download
                            role: (inapplicable)
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    dataQualityInfo:  (DQ_DataQuality)
        scope:  (DQ_Scope)
            level:  (MD_ScopeCode) repository
            levelDescription:  (MD_ScopeDescription)
                other:  NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information
        lineage:  (LI_Lineage)
            processStep:  (LE_ProcessStep)
                description:  NOAA created the National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) by merging NOAA's National Climatic Data Center (NCDC), National Geophysical Data Center (NGDC), and National Oceanographic Data Center (NODC), including the National Coastal Data Development Center (NCDDC), per the Consolidated and Further Continuing Appropriations Act, 2015, Public Law 113-235. NCEI launched publicly on April 22, 2015.
                dateTime:
                  DateTime:  2015-04-22T00:00:00
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    metadataMaintenance:  (MD_MaintenanceInformation)
        maintenanceAndUpdateFrequency:  (MD_MaintenanceFrequencyCode) asNeeded
        maintenanceNote:  Metadata are developed, maintained and distributed by NCEI. Updates are performed as needed to maintain currentness.
        maintenanceNote:  NCEI Accession 0000174 was revised and a new version of the archival package was published. Updates to existing archival packages may provide additional files or replace obsolete files. The latest version contains the most complete and up-to-date representation of this archival information package. All of the files received prior to this update are available in the preceding version of this accession. Please see journal.txt in the /about directory for additional details on changes made.
        contact:  (CI_ResponsibleParty)
            organisationName:  NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information
            role:  (CI_RoleCode) custodian
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    acquisitionInformation:  (MI_AcquisitionInformation)
        instrument:  (MI_Instrument)
            identifier:  (MD_Identifier)
                code:  oxygen sensor
            type:  oxygen sensor
            description:  Any instrument that measures oxygen content in a compound.
        instrument:  (MI_Instrument)
            identifier:  (MD_Identifier)
                code:  photograph
            type:  photograph
            description:  still images used as the basis for making parameter determinations
        instrument:  (MI_Instrument)
            identifier:  (MD_Identifier)
                code:  refractometer
            type:  refractometer
            description:  refractometer
        instrument:  (MI_Instrument)
            identifier:  (MD_Identifier)
                code:  Secchi disk
            type:  Secchi disk
            description:  The Secchi disk (or Secchi disc), as created in 1865 by Angelo Secchi, is a plain white, circular disk 30 cm (12 in) in diameter used to measure water transparency or turbidity in bodies of water. The disc is mounted on a pole or line, and lowered slowly down in the water. The depth at which the disk is no longer visible is taken as a measure of the transparency of the water. This measure is known as the Secchi depth and is related to water turbidity. [Wikipedia, 2021-09-02]
        instrument:  (MI_Instrument)
            identifier:  (MD_Identifier)
                code:  swimmer/diver
            type:  swimmer/diver
            description:  not an instrument - use as observation type
        instrument:  (MI_Instrument)
            identifier:  (MD_Identifier)
                code:  visual observation
            type:  visual observation
            description:  not an instrument - maybe an observation type
        platform:  (MI_Platform)
            identifier:  (MD_Identifier)
                code:  SWIMMER/DIVER
            description:  SWIMMER/DIVER
            instrument: (missing)