The impact of ocean acidification on the early life stages of surf clams and the interactive effects of feeding and temperature from laboratory experiment studies from 2011-07-12 to 2012-06-17 (NCEI Accession 0123314)
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title: The impact of ocean acidification on the early life stages of surf clams and the interactive effects of feeding and temperature from laboratory experiment studies from 2011-07-12 to 2012-06-17 (NCEI Accession 0123314)
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abstract: This dataset contains laboratory experiment data that were collected to examine the effects of ocean acidification on the Atlantic surfclam, Spisula solidissima, a species worth $31 million in 2009. Ocean acidification has negatively impacted growth and survival of multiple bivalve species, but because each species and developmental stage can show different responses, these studies were designed to determine potential impacts of increased CO2 on the larvae of the commercially important surfclam. Additionally, the role of nutrition (i.e., phytoplankton concentration) was included in a portion of these experiments because food availability may be able to mitigate the stress of ocean acidification and because ocean acidification has the potential to impact marine phytoplankton communities. During the summer of 2011, three different experiments were conducted at Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution examining the effects of three different pCO2 concentrations on larval surf clams. Two short term experiments (~70h) examined the effect of food availability on early shell development (fed vs unfed). One long term experiment (~21d) was conducted to examine the effects of pCO2 on shell development and metamorphic success (all animals well fed). Carbonate data is reported from these preliminary short-term experiments, and survival and shell length data is reported, in addition to carbonate data, from the long-term experiment. During 2012, one 6 day experiment was conducted examining the role and potential interactive effects of high and low food availability (400 and 40,000 cells ml-1 Tiso) and differential CO2 concentrations (ambient, ~1200 ppm and ~2200ppm). From these experiments, carbonate data, shell length, mass and biochemical compositions are reported. In 2013, two additional experiments were conducted to confirm results obtained in 2012. Unfortunately we observed stunted larval growth, no feeding effect on growth, high mortalities and a general failure to thrive. Given this, we infer poor gamete quality may have been the cause, and have chosen not to interpret these data as results are suspect. Therefore, 2013 data are therefore not included in this data submission.
purpose: To determine whether varying levels of PCO2 have any effect on length, weight and survival of larval surfclams.
credit: Funding Information: NOAA Ocean Acidification Program (Physiological Effects of Ocean Acidification on Atlantic Surf Clams, OAPFY13.03.NEFSC.002)
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description: Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2023. GCMD Keywords, Version 17. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords
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Anchor: https://gcmd.earthdata.nasa.gov/kms/concept/a4202721-0cba-4fa1-853f-890f146b04f9 OCEAN > ATLANTIC OCEAN > NORTH ATLANTIC OCEAN
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description: Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2023. GCMD Keywords, Version 17. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords
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keyword: North Atlantic Ocean off the coast of Woods Hole, MA
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otherConstraints: Cite as: Milke, Lisa M.; McCorkle, Daniel; Cohen, Anne; Widman, James C., Jr. (2014). The impact of ocean acidification on the early life stages of surf clams and the interactive effects of feeding and temperature from laboratory experiment studies from 2011-07-12 to 2012-06-17 (NCEI Accession 0123314). [indicate subset used]. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information. Dataset. https://doi.org/10.7289/v56h4fcz. Accessed [date].
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useLimitation: Distribution liability: NOAA and NCEI make no warranty, expressed or implied, regarding these data, nor does the fact of distribution constitute such a warranty. NOAA and NCEI cannot assume liability for any damages caused by any errors or omissions in these data. If appropriate, NCEI can only certify that the data it distributes are an authentic copy of the records that were accepted for inclusion in the NCEI archives.
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otherConstraints: Use liability: NOAA and NCEI cannot provide any warranty as to the accuracy, reliability, or completeness of furnished data. Users assume responsibility to determine the usability of these data. The user is responsible for the results of any application of this data for other than its intended purpose.
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title: NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information (2022). Ocean Carbon and Acidification Data System (OCADS). NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information. https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/products/ocean-carbon-acidification-data-system
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LanguageCode: eng; USA
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topicCategory: (MD_TopicCategoryCode) oceans
topicCategory: (MD_TopicCategoryCode) biota
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beginPosition: 2011-07-12
endPosition: 2012-06-17
supplementalInformation: PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATORS: Milke, Lisa; McCorkle, Daniel; Cohen, Anne; Widman, James. FUNDING AGENCY: NOAA's Ocean Acidification Program (OAP). PROJECT TITLE: An experimental investigation of the impact of ocean acidification on the early life stages of surf clams and sea scallops, and the interactive effects of feeding and temperature. PROJECT ID: OAPFY13.03.NEFSC.002.
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electronicMailAddress: NCEI.Info@noaa.gov
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fees: In most cases, electronic downloads of the data are free. However, fees may apply for custom orders, data certifications, copies of analog materials, and data distribution on physical media.
orderingInstructions: Contact NCEI for other distribution options and instructions.
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linkage: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/accession/oas/123314
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description: NCEI Accession 0123314 v1.1 was published.
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DateTime: 2014-12-03T21:22:11Z
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description: Parameter or Variable: Dissolved Inorganic Carbon; Abbreviation: DIC; Unit: micromol/kg; Observation type: Laboratory experiment; In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: manipulation condition; Measured or calculated: measured in 2011, calculated from pH and alk in 2012; Sampling instrument: syringe, 0.45 um filter; Analyzing instrument: vacuum extraction line with manometer; Detailed sampling and analyzing information: water sample sealed in pre-poisoned glass ampuole with N2 in headspace; sample ampoule cracked, acidified, and stripped on vacuum line; CO2 purifiec cryogenically and measured manometrically.; Replicate information: replicate buckets, no replicate samples from a single bucket; Standardization description: water samples sealed and extracted as samples to provide precision estimate; Standardization frequency: 1 per set of 10 extractions; CRM manufacturer: CRMs not used in 2011 and 2012; Preservation method: mercuric chloride; Preservative volume: 10 microliters sat'd solution per 5 mL sample; Preservative correction: ampoules were pre-weighed with dried poison in them, then full ampoules weighed to get sample mass; Uncertainty: 'average reproducibility 9.1 umol/kg DIC, or 0.45 percent (between replicate buckets); Researcher name: D McCorkle; Researcher institution: Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution.
processStep: (LE_ProcessStep)
description: Parameter or Variable: Total alkalinity; Abbreviation: TA; Unit: micromol/kg; Observation type: Laboratory experiment; In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: Manipulation condition; Measured or calculated: measured both years; Sampling instrument: syringe, 0.45 um filter; Analyzing instrument: Brinkmann automated small-volume alkalinity titrator; Type of titration: Gran ("two-sided" Gran in Tiamo; not standard Gran); Cell type (open or closed): open; Curve fitting method: Brinkmann Tiamo software; Detailed sampling and analyzing information: 20 mL sample collected and poisoned; 1 mL aliqots weighed (microbalance) and titrated in duplicate; Replicate information: replicate buckets, no replicate samples from a single bucket; Standardization description: secondary seawater standards calibrated with SIO CRMs; Standardization frequency: every 5 samples; CRM manufacturer: Dickson lab, SIO; CRM batch number: several used; Preservation method: mercuric chloride; Preservative volume: 10 microliters sat'd solution per 20 mL sample; Preservative correction: none; TA blank correction: no separate blank correction; all corrections based on analyses of secondary standards; Uncertainty: average reproducibility 6.4 umol/kg alkalinity, or 0.30 percent (between replicate buckets); Researcher name: D McCorkle; Researcher institution: Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution.
processStep: (LE_ProcessStep)
description: Parameter or Variable: pH; Abbreviation: pH; pH scale: total; Observation type: Laboratory experiment; In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: manipulation condition; Measured or calculated: measured both years; Sampling instrument: syringe, 0.45 um filter; Analyzing instrument: Ocean Optics spectrophotometer with Z cell; Temperature of pH measurement: measured for each sample; Z cell immersed in experimental water bath; Replicate information: replicate buckets, no replicate samples from a single bucket; Standardization description: no independent pH standardization; At what temperature was pH reported: reported at measurement temperature; Uncertainty: average analytical reproducibility 0.00195 pH units (vs. between-bucket reproducibility of 0.022 units); Researcher name: D McCorkle; Researcher institution: Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution.
processStep: (LE_ProcessStep)
description: Parameter or Variable: pCO2 (fCO2) autonomous; Abbreviation: pCO2; Unit: ppmv; Observation type: Laboratory experiment; In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: manipulation condition; Measured or calculated: calculated (from dic and alk in 2011, from pH and alk in 2012); At what temperature was pCO2 reported: 19.51 C; Researcher name: D McCorkle; Researcher institution: Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution.
processStep: (LE_ProcessStep)
description: Parameter or Variable: Number of animals alive per container taken at each water change; Abbreviation: Live; Observation type: Laboratory experiment; In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: Response variable; Measured or calculated: Measured; Sampling instrument: Graduated cylinder and eppendorf pipette; Analyzing instrument: Olympus inverted microscope.; Duration: Experiment studied; Detailed sampling and analyzing information: During each water change, animals were concentrated to a known volume (usually 500 ml) a subset of this was removed and preserved with buffered formalin. After the experiment samples were analyzed for live and dead. Number of live animals per sample was then multiplied out to calculate the number of live aniamals per bucket.; Biological subject: Surfclam; Species ID: Spisula solidissima; Researcher name: James Widman; Researcher institution: National Marine Fisheries Service.
processStep: (LE_ProcessStep)
description: Parameter or Variable: Number of dead animals per container observed at each water change; Abbreviation: Dead; Observation type: Laboratory experiment; In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: Response variable; Measured or calculated: Measured; Sampling instrument: Graduated cylinder and eppendorf pipette; Analyzing instrument: Olympus inverted microscope.; Duration: Experiment studied; Detailed sampling and analyzing information: During each water change, animals were concentrated to a known volume (usually 500 ml) a subset of this was removed and preserved with buffered formalin. After the experiment samples were analyzed for live and dead. The number of dead animals in the sample was then multiplied out to calculate the number of dead aniamals per bucket.; Biological subject: Surfclam; Species ID: Spisula solidissima; Researcher name: James Widman; Researcher institution: National Marine Fisheries Service.
processStep: (LE_ProcessStep)
description: Parameter or Variable: Mean Shell length; Abbreviation: Mean Shell length; Unit: um; Observation type: Laboratory experiment; In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: Response variable; Measured or calculated: measured; Sampling instrument: Graduated cylinder and eppendorf pipette; Analyzing instrument: Olympus Inverted Microscope and Image J software; Duration: Experiment studied; Detailed sampling and analyzing information: During each water change, animals were concentrated to a known volume (usually 500 ml) a subset of this was removed and preserved with buffered formalin. After the experiment samples were analyzed for shell length (longest portion parallell to the hinge). Images were taken via an Olympus inverted microscope and analyzed via ImageJ.; Biological subject: Surfclam; Species ID: Spisula solidissima; Researcher name: James Widman; Researcher institution: National Marine Fisheries Service.
processStep: (LE_ProcessStep)
description: Parameter or Variable: Mean weight of 50 animals; Abbreviation: Mean weight of 50 animals; Unit: ug; Observation type: Laboratory experiment; In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: Response variable; Measured or calculated: measured; Sampling instrument: Graduated cylinder and eppendorf pipette; Analyzing instrument: Mettler MX5 microbalance; Duration: Experiment studied; Detailed sampling and analyzing information: Shell weights were analyzed by rinsing an aliquot of larvae (removed from a known volume of larvae distributed in sea water) in ethanol, then dried at 60C for a minimum of 12 hours. Groups of 50 individuals were picked using a fine paintbrush and weighted on a Mettler MX5 microbalance.; Biological subject: Surfclam; Species ID: Spisula solidissima; Researcher name: Kathryn Rose Pietro; Researcher institution: Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution.
processStep: (LE_ProcessStep)
description: Parameter or Variable: Temperature; Abbreviation: Temperature; Unit: degrees C; Observation type: Laboratory experiment; In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: Manipulation condition; Measured or calculated: measured; Sampling instrument: Onset temperature loggers; Duration: Experiment studied; Detailed sampling and analyzing information: mean temperature in water bath over the experimental duration; Biological subject: Surfclam; Species ID: Spisula solidissima; Researcher name: Daniel McCorkle; Researcher institution: Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution.
processStep: (LE_ProcessStep)
description: Parameter or Variable: Salinity; Abbreviation: Salinity; Unit: psu; Observation type: Laboratory experiment; In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: Manipulation condition; Measured or calculated: measured; Sampling instrument: syringe, not filtered; Analyzing instrument: Autosal salinometer; Duration: Experiment studied; Detailed sampling and analyzing information: samples analyzed in the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution hydrographic lab; Uncertainty: better than 0.01 psu; Biological subject: Surfclam; Species ID: Spisula solidissima; Researcher name: D McCorkle; Researcher institution: Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution.
processStep: (LE_ProcessStep)
description: Parameter or Variable: Aragonite Saturation State; Abbreviation: Aragonite Saturation State; Unit: omega (aragonite); Observation type: Laboratory experiment; In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: manipulation condition; Measured or calculated: calculated; Duration: Experiment studied; Detailed sampling and analyzing information: calculated using CO2sys program; Biological subject: Surfclam; Species ID: Spisula solidissima; Researcher name: Daniel McCorkle; Researcher institution: Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution.
processStep: (LE_ProcessStep)
description: Parameter or Variable: Dissolved Phosphate; Abbreviation: PO4; Unit: micro mol/Kg; Observation type: Laboratory experiment; In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: Manipulation condition; Measured or calculated: Measured; Analyzing instrument: Quattro, Test range 0-4 umol/L, 10 mm flowcell with LED photometer at 880 nm, 60 samples/hr, standard deviation is 0.01 umol/L, detetion limit is 0.004umol/L; Duration: Experiment studied; Detailed sampling and analyzing information: Samples were placed in acid washed 15 or 50 ml plastic centrifuge tubes and frozen at -20. Samples were thawed prior to analysis.; Method reference: Method NO Q-066-05 Rev. 3 for QuAAtro Applications developed by the Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research; Biological subject: Surfclam; Species ID: Spisula solidissima; Researcher name: Shannon Meseck; Researcher institution: National Marine Fisheries Service.
processStep: (LE_ProcessStep)
description: Parameter or Variable: Dissolved nitrate+nitrite; Abbreviation: NO3+NO2; Unit: micro mol/Kg; Observation type: Laboratory experiment; In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: Manipulation condition; Measured or calculated: Response variable; Analyzing instrument: Quattro, Test range 0-250 umol/L, 10 mm flowcell with LED photometer at 520nm, 90 samples/hr, standard deviation is 0.03 umol/L, detetion limit is 0.02 umol/L; Duration: Experiment studied; Detailed sampling and analyzing information: Samples were placed in acid washed 15 or 50 ml plastic centrifuge tubes and frozen at -20. Samples were thawed prior to analysis.; Method reference: Method NO Q-068-05 Rev. 4 for QuAAtro Applications developed by the Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research; Biological subject: Surfclam; Species ID: Spisula solidissima; Researcher name: Shannon Meseck; Researcher institution: National Marine Fisheries Service.
processStep: (LE_ProcessStep)
description: Parameter or Variable: Dissolved nitrite; Abbreviation: NO2; Observation type: Laboratory experiment; In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: Manipulation condition; Analyzing instrument: Quattro, Test range 0-250 umol/L, 10 mm flowcell with LED photometer at 520nm, 90 samples/hr, standard deviation is 0.03 umol/L, detetion limit is 0.02 umol/L; Duration: Experiment studied; Detailed sampling and analyzing information: Samples were placed in acid washed 15 or 50 ml plastic centrifuge tubes and frozen at -20. Samples were thawed prior to analysis.; Method reference: Method NO Q-068-05 Rev. 4 for QuAAtro Applications developed by the Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research; Biological subject: Surfclam; Species ID: Spisula solidissima; Researcher name: Shannon Meseck; Researcher institution: National Marine Fisheries Service.
processStep: (LE_ProcessStep)
description: Parameter or Variable: dissolved silicate; Abbreviation: Si; Unit: micro mol/Kg; Observation type: Laboratory experiment; In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: Manipulation condition; Measured or calculated: measured; Analyzing instrument: Quattro, Test range0-20umol/L, 10 mm flowcell with LED photometer at 820 nm, 60 samples/hr, standard deviation is 0.05 umol/L, detetion limit is 0.01 umol/L; Duration: Experiment studied; Detailed sampling and analyzing information: Samples were placed in acid washed 15 or 50 ml plastic centrifuge tubes and frozen at -20. Samples were thawed prior to analysis.; Method reference: Method NO Q-066-05 Rev. 3 for QuAAtro Applications developed by the Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research; Biological subject: Surfclam; Species ID: Spisula solidissima; Researcher name: Shannon Meseck; Researcher institution: National Marine Fisheries Service.
processStep: (LE_ProcessStep)
description: Parameter or Variable: Ammonia; Abbreviation: NH4; Unit: micro mol/Kg; Observation type: Laboratory experiment; In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: Manipulation condition; Measured or calculated: measured; Analyzing instrument: Quattro, Test range0-20umol/L, 10 mm flowcell with LED photometer at 820 nm, 60 samples/hr, standard deviation is 0.05 umol/L, detetion limit is 0.01 umol/L; Duration: Experiment studied; Detailed sampling and analyzing information: Samples were placed in acid washed 15 or 50 ml plastic centrifuge tubes and frozen at -20. Samples were thawed prior to analysis.; Method reference: Method NO Q-068-05 Rev. 4 for QuAAtro Applications developed by the Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research; Biological subject: Surfclam; Species ID: Spisula solidissima; Researcher name: Shannon Meseck; Researcher institution: National Marine Fisheries Service.
processStep: (LE_ProcessStep)
description: Parameter or Variable: Dissolved nitrate; Abbreviation: NO3; Unit: micro mol/Kg; Observation type: Laboratory experiment; In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: Manipulation condition; Measured or calculated: measured; Analyzing instrument: Quattro, Test range 0-250 umol/L, 10 mm flowcell with LED photometer at 520nm, 90 samples/hr, standard deviation is 0.03 umol/L, detetion limit is 0.02 umol/L; Duration: Experiment studied; Detailed sampling and analyzing information: Samples were placed in acid washed 15 or 50 ml plastic centrifuge tubes and frozen at -20. Samples were thawed prior to analysis.; Method reference: Method NO Q-068-05 Rev. 4 for QuAAtro Applications developed by the Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research; Biological subject: Surfclam; Species ID: Spisula solidissima; Researcher name: Shannon Meseck; Researcher institution: National Marine Fisheries Service.
processStep: (LE_ProcessStep)
description: Parameter or Variable: hydrocarbons; Abbreviation: HC; Unit: % of total lipids; Observation type: Laboratory experiment; In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: Response variable; Measured or calculated: Measured; Analyzing instrument: Iatroscan Model number MK-6s; Duration: Experiment studied; Detailed sampling and analyzing information: All samples were collected on combusted (500 C) GF/C filters (1 l minimum filtered) and stored in glass test tubes that were lipid cleaned.; Method reference: Parrish, CC (1999. Determination of total lipid, lipid classes and fatty acids in equatic samples. Lipids in freshwater ecosytems. MA arts, BC wainman New York, Springer Verlag:4-12; Biological subject: Surfclam; Species ID: Spisula solidissima; Researcher name: Jeanette Wells; Researcher institution: Memorial University of Newfoundland.
processStep: (LE_ProcessStep)
description: Parameter or Variable: steryl esters/wax esters; Abbreviation: SE/WE; Unit: % of total lipids; Observation type: Laboratory experiment; In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: Response variable; Measured or calculated: Measured; Analyzing instrument: Iatroscan Model number MK-6s; Duration: Experiment studied; Detailed sampling and analyzing information: All samples were collected on combusted (500 C) GF/C filters (1 l minimum filtered) and stored in glass test tubes that were lipid cleaned.; Method reference: Parrish, CC (1999. Determination of total lipid, lipid classes and fatty acids in equatic samples. Lipids in freshwater ecosytems. MA arts, BC wainman New York, Springer Verlag:4-12; Biological subject: Surfclam; Species ID: Spisula solidissima; Researcher name: Jeanette Wells; Researcher institution: Memorial University of Newfoundland.
processStep: (LE_ProcessStep)
description: Parameter or Variable: ethyl esters; Abbreviation: EE; Unit: % of total lipids; Observation type: Laboratory experiment; In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: Response variable; Measured or calculated: Measured; Sampling instrument: 0.25 in Inner Diamter X 0.375 in Outer Diamter Silicone Tubing into 1 L amber bottles.; Analyzing instrument: Iatroscan Model number MK-6s; Duration: Experiment studied; Detailed sampling and analyzing information: All samples were collected on combusted (500 C) GF/C filters (1 l minimum filtered) and stored in glass test tubes that were lipid cleaned.; Method reference: Parrish, CC (1999. Determination of total lipid, lipid classes and fatty acids in equatic samples. Lipids in freshwater ecosytems. MA arts, BC wainman New York, Springer Verlag:4-12; Biological subject: Surfclam; Species ID: Spisula solidissima; Researcher name: Jeanette Wells; Researcher institution: Memorial University of Newfoundland.
processStep: (LE_ProcessStep)
description: Parameter or Variable: methyl esters; Abbreviation: ME; Unit: % of total lipids; Observation type: Laboratory experiment; In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: Response variable; Measured or calculated: Measured; Sampling instrument: 0.25 in Inner Diamter X 0.375 in Outer Diamter Silicone Tubing into 1 L amber bottles.; Analyzing instrument: Iatroscan Model number MK-6s; Duration: Experiment studied; Detailed sampling and analyzing information: All samples were collected on combusted (500 C) GF/C filters (1 l minimum filtered) and stored in glass test tubes that were lipid cleaned.; Method reference: Parrish, CC (1999. Determination of total lipid, lipid classes and fatty acids in equatic samples. Lipids in freshwater ecosytems. MA arts, BC wainman New York, Springer Verlag:4-12; Biological subject: Surfclam; Species ID: Spisula solidissima; Researcher name: Jeanette Wells; Researcher institution: Memorial University of Newfoundland.
processStep: (LE_ProcessStep)
description: Parameter or Variable: ethyl ketones; Abbreviation: EK; Unit: % of total lipids; Observation type: Laboratory experiment; In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: Response variable; Measured or calculated: Measured; Sampling instrument: 0.25 in Inner Diamter X 0.375 in Outer Diamter Silicone Tubing into 1 L amber bottles.; Analyzing instrument: Iatroscan Model number MK-6s; Duration: Experiment studied; Detailed sampling and analyzing information: All samples were collected on combusted (500 C) GF/C filters (1 l minimum filtered) and stored in glass test tubes that were lipid cleaned.; Method reference: Parrish, CC (1999. Determination of total lipid, lipid classes and fatty acids in equatic samples. Lipids in freshwater ecosytems. MA arts, BC wainman New York, Springer Verlag:4-12; Biological subject: Surfclam; Species ID: Spisula solidissima; Researcher name: Jeanette Wells; Researcher institution: Memorial University of Newfoundland.
processStep: (LE_ProcessStep)
description: Parameter or Variable: methyl ketones; Abbreviation: MK; Unit: % of total lipids; Observation type: Laboratory experiment; In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: Response variable; Measured or calculated: Measured; Sampling instrument: 0.25 in Inner Diamter X 0.375 in Outer Diamter Silicone Tubing into 1 L amber bottles.; Analyzing instrument: Iatroscan Model number MK-6s; Duration: Experiment studied; Detailed sampling and analyzing information: All samples were collected on combusted (500 C) GF/C filters (1 l minimum filtered) and stored in glass test tubes that were lipid cleaned.; Method reference: Parrish, CC (1999. Determination of total lipid, lipid classes and fatty acids in equatic samples. Lipids in freshwater ecosytems. MA arts, BC wainman New York, Springer Verlag:4-12; Biological subject: Surfclam; Species ID: Spisula solidissima; Researcher name: Jeanette Wells; Researcher institution: Memorial University of Newfoundland.
processStep: (LE_ProcessStep)
description: Parameter or Variable: gylcerol ethers; Abbreviation: GE; Unit: % of total lipids; Observation type: Laboratory experiment; In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: Response variable; Measured or calculated: Measured; Sampling instrument: 0.25 in Inner Diamter X 0.375 in Outer Diamter Silicone Tubing into 1 L amber bottles.; Analyzing instrument: Iatroscan Model number MK-6s; Duration: Experiment studied; Detailed sampling and analyzing information: All samples were collected on combusted (500 C) GF/C filters (1 l minimum filtered) and stored in glass test tubes that were lipid cleaned.; Method reference: Parrish, CC (1999. Determination of total lipid, lipid classes and fatty acids in equatic samples. Lipids in freshwater ecosytems. MA arts, BC wainman New York, Springer Verlag:4-12; Biological subject: Surfclam; Species ID: Spisula solidissima; Researcher name: Jeanette Wells; Researcher institution: Memorial University of Newfoundland.
processStep: (LE_ProcessStep)
description: Parameter or Variable: Triacylglycerols; Abbreviation: TAG; Unit: % of total lipids; Observation type: Laboratory experiment; In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: Response variable; Measured or calculated: Measured; Sampling instrument: 0.25 in Inner Diamter X 0.375 in Outer Diamter Silicone Tubing into 1 L amber bottles.; Analyzing instrument: Iatroscan Model number MK-6s; Duration: Experiment studied; Detailed sampling and analyzing information: All samples were collected on combusted (500 C) GF/C filters (1 l minimum filtered) and stored in glass test tubes that were lipid cleaned.; Method reference: Parrish, CC (1999. Determination of total lipid, lipid classes and fatty acids in equatic samples. Lipids in freshwater ecosytems. MA arts, BC wainman New York, Springer Verlag:4-12; Biological subject: Surfclam; Species ID: Spisula solidissima; Researcher name: Jeanette Wells; Researcher institution: Memorial University of Newfoundland.
processStep: (LE_ProcessStep)
description: Parameter or Variable: free fatty acids; Abbreviation: FFA; Unit: % of total lipids; Observation type: Laboratory experiment; In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: Response variable; Measured or calculated: Measured; Sampling instrument: 0.25 in Inner Diamter X 0.375 in Outer Diamter Silicone Tubing into 1 L amber bottles.; Analyzing instrument: Iatroscan Model number MK-6s; Duration: Experiment studied; Detailed sampling and analyzing information: All samples were collected on combusted (500 C) GF/C filters (1 l minimum filtered) and stored in glass test tubes that were lipid cleaned.; Method reference: Parrish, CC (1999. Determination of total lipid, lipid classes and fatty acids in equatic samples. Lipids in freshwater ecosytems. MA arts, BC wainman New York, Springer Verlag:4-12; Biological subject: Surfclam; Species ID: Spisula solidissima; Researcher name: Jeanette Wells; Researcher institution: Memorial University of Newfoundland.
processStep: (LE_ProcessStep)
description: Parameter or Variable: Alcohols; Abbreviation: AL; Unit: % of total lipids; Observation type: Laboratory experiment; In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: Response variable; Measured or calculated: Measured; Sampling instrument: 0.25 in Inner Diamter X 0.375 in Outer Diamter Silicone Tubing into 1 L amber bottles.; Analyzing instrument: Iatroscan Model number MK-6s; Duration: Experiment studied; Detailed sampling and analyzing information: All samples were collected on combusted (500 C) GF/C filters (1 l minimum filtered) and stored in glass test tubes that were lipid cleaned.; Method reference: Parrish, CC (1999. Determination of total lipid, lipid classes and fatty acids in equatic samples. Lipids in freshwater ecosytems. MA arts, BC wainman New York, Springer Verlag:4-12; Biological subject: Surfclam; Species ID: Spisula solidissima; Researcher name: Jeanette Wells; Researcher institution: Memorial University of Newfoundland.
processStep: (LE_ProcessStep)
description: Parameter or Variable: Sterols; Abbreviation: ST; Unit: % of total lipids; Observation type: Laboratory experiment; In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: Response variable; Measured or calculated: Measured; Sampling instrument: 0.25 in Inner Diamter X 0.375 in Outer Diamter Silicone Tubing into 1 L amber bottles.; Analyzing instrument: Iatroscan Model number MK-6s; Duration: Experiment studied; Detailed sampling and analyzing information: All samples were collected on combusted (500 C) GF/C filters (1 l minimum filtered) and stored in glass test tubes that were lipid cleaned.; Method reference: Parrish, CC (1999. Determination of total lipid, lipid classes and fatty acids in equatic samples. Lipids in freshwater ecosytems. MA arts, BC wainman New York, Springer Verlag:4-12; Biological subject: Surfclam; Species ID: Spisula solidissima; Researcher name: Jeanette Wells; Researcher institution: Memorial University of Newfoundland.
processStep: (LE_ProcessStep)
description: Parameter or Variable: diacylglycerols; Abbreviation: DAG; Unit: % of total lipids; Observation type: Laboratory experiment; In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: Response variable; Measured or calculated: Measured; Sampling instrument: 0.25 in Inner Diamter X 0.375 in Outer Diamter Silicone Tubing into 1 L amber bottles.; Analyzing instrument: Iatroscan Model number MK-6s; Duration: experiment studied; Detailed sampling and analyzing information: All samples were collected on combusted (500 C) GF/C filters (1 l minimum filtered) and stored in glass test tubes that were lipid cleaned.; Method reference: Parrish, CC (1999. Determination of total lipid, lipid classes and fatty acids in equatic samples. Lipids in freshwater ecosytems. MA arts, BC wainman New York, Springer Verlag:4-12; Biological subject: Surfclam; Species ID: Spisula solidissima; Researcher name: Jeanette Wells; Researcher institution: Memorial University of Newfoundland.
processStep: (LE_ProcessStep)
description: Parameter or Variable: acetone mobile polar lipids; Abbreviation: AMPL; Unit: % of total lipids; Observation type: Laboratory experiment; In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: Response variable; Measured or calculated: Measured; Sampling instrument: 0.25 in Inner Diamter X 0.375 in Outer Diamter Silicone Tubing into 1 L amber bottles.; Analyzing instrument: Iatroscan Model number MK-6s; Duration: experiment studied; Detailed sampling and analyzing information: All samples were collected on combusted (500 C) GF/C filters (1 l minimum filtered) and stored in glass test tubes that were lipid cleaned.; Method reference: Parrish, CC (1999. Determination of total lipid, lipid classes and fatty acids in equatic samples. Lipids in freshwater ecosytems. MA arts, BC wainman New York, Springer Verlag:4-12; Biological subject: Surfclam; Species ID: Spisula solidissima; Researcher name: Jeanette Wells; Researcher institution: Memorial University of Newfoundland.
processStep: (LE_ProcessStep)
description: Parameter or Variable: Phospholipids; Abbreviation: PL; Unit: % of total lipids; Observation type: Laboratory experiment; In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: Response variable; Measured or calculated: Measured; Sampling instrument: 0.25 in Inner Diamter X 0.375 in Outer Diamter Silicone Tubing into 1 L amber bottles.; Analyzing instrument: Iatroscan Model number MK-6s; Duration: experiment studied; Detailed sampling and analyzing information: All samples were collected on combusted (500 C) GF/C filters (1 l minimum filtered) and stored in glass test tubes that were lipid cleaned.; Method reference: Parrish, CC (1999. Determination of total lipid, lipid classes and fatty acids in equatic samples. Lipids in freshwater ecosytems. MA arts, BC wainman New York, Springer Verlag:4-12; Biological subject: Surfclam; Species ID: Spisula solidissima; Researcher name: Jeanette Wells; Researcher institution: Memorial University of Newfoundland .
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dataQualityInfo: (DQ_DataQuality)
scope: (DQ_Scope)
level: (MD_ScopeCode) repository
levelDescription: (MD_ScopeDescription)
other: NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information
lineage: (LI_Lineage)
processStep: (LE_ProcessStep)
description: NOAA created the National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) by merging NOAA's National Climatic Data Center (NCDC), National Geophysical Data Center (NGDC), and National Oceanographic Data Center (NODC), including the National Coastal Data Development Center (NCDDC), per the Consolidated and Further Continuing Appropriations Act, 2015, Public Law 113-235. NCEI launched publicly on April 22, 2015.
dateTime:
DateTime: 2015-04-22T00:00:00
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metadataMaintenance: (MD_MaintenanceInformation)
maintenanceAndUpdateFrequency: (MD_MaintenanceFrequencyCode) asNeeded
maintenanceNote: Metadata are developed, maintained and distributed by NCEI. Updates are performed as needed to maintain currentness.
contact: (CI_ResponsibleParty)
organisationName: NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information
role: (CI_RoleCode) custodian
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acquisitionInformation: (MI_AcquisitionInformation)
instrument: (MI_Instrument)
identifier: (MD_Identifier)
code: spectrophotometer
type: spectrophotometer
description: spectrophotometer, optical spectrometer, spectrograph or spectroscope An optical spectrometer (spectrophotometer, spectrograph or spectroscope) is an instrument used to measure properties of light over a specific portion of the electromagnetic spectrum, typically used in spectroscopic analysis to identify materials. Butler, L. R. P.; Laqua, K. (1995). "Nomenclature, symbols, units and their usage in spectrochemical analysis-IX. Instrumentation for the spectral dispersion and isolation of optical radiation (IUPAC Recommendations 1995)". Pure Appl. Chem. IUPAC. 67 (10): 1725–1744. doi:10.1351/pac199567101725. A spectrometer is the general term for describing a combination of spectral apparatus with one or more detectors to measure the intensity of one or more spectral bands."
