Beluga whale (Delphinapterus leucas) aerial survey in Cook Inlet, Alaska, conducted by Alaska Fisheries Scientific Center, Marine Mammal Laboratory from 1993-06-02 to 2022-06-18 (NCEI Accession 0133936)
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title: Beluga whale (Delphinapterus leucas) aerial survey in Cook Inlet, Alaska, conducted by Alaska Fisheries Scientific Center, Marine Mammal Laboratory from 1993-06-02 to 2022-06-18 (NCEI Accession 0133936)
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abstract: The National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) has conducted aerial counts of Cook Inlet beluga whales (Delphinapterus leucas) from 1993 to 2022 (excluding 2013). Nearly all counts were conducted during the month of June. The routine nature of these counts and the consistency in research protocol lend themselves to inter-annual trend analyses. Beginning in 2005, an aerial survey was added during the month of August to document calving groups within the upper Inlet (north of East and West Foreland). Research protocol has been based on paired observers on the shoreward side of the aircraft and a single observer and computer operator on the offshore side independently searching for marine mammals. Data on environmental conditions, time, location, species, and inclinometer angle were collected for each sighting. The counting protocol included multiple passes near each beluga group while simultaneously collecting video footage. The counting system and observer performance has been tested through paired, independent observational effort. Aerial observer counts are used to calculate median counts for each beluga group to provide a daily index for the population prior to calculating the abundance estimate. Video has been used to count the number of animals in the group to correct for missed animals in the observer counts (perception bias). One video camera had a lens set at a wide angle to view the entire beluga group while the second video camera was zoomed to approximately 10x to magnify a subsample of individual whales in the group. The zoomed video has been used to examine color ratios of white adults relative to smaller and darker juveniles and calves and correct for those individuals missed due to their size or coloration. Aerial counts and video footage of beluga whales provide the fundamental data used to calculate the abundance of and a calving index for the Cook Inlet population. The abundance estimates are applied to trends analyses to determine the status of the stock. Three datasets are included here that contain basic survey data such as latitude, longitude and sightings, as well as the counts of beluga whale groups made by the aerial observers and the results from video analysis from data collected on surveys.
purpose: Aerial counts and video footage of beluga whales provide the fundamental data used to calculate the abundance of and a calving index for the Cook Inlet population. The abundance estimates are applied to trends analyses to determine the status of the stock. Results from this study were the basis for adding this distinct population of whales to the list of Endangered and Threatened Wildlife.
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linkage: https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords
protocol: HTTPS
name: GCMD Keyword Forum Page
description: Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2023. GCMD Keywords, Version 17. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords
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resourceConstraints: (MD_LegalConstraints)
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otherConstraints: Cite as: Shelden, Kim E. W.; Sims, Christy; Goetz, Kimberly T.; Rugh, David J.; Waite, Janice; Hobbs, Roderick C. (2015). Beluga whale (Delphinapterus leucas) aerial survey in Cook Inlet, Alaska, conducted by Alaska Fisheries Scientific Center, Marine Mammal Laboratory from 1993-06-02 to 2022-06-18 (NCEI Accession 0133936). [indicate subset used]. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information. Dataset. https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/accession/0133936. Accessed [date].
resourceConstraints: (MD_LegalConstraints)
useLimitation: Distribution liability: NOAA and NCEI make no warranty, expressed or implied, regarding these data, nor does the fact of distribution constitute such a warranty. NOAA and NCEI cannot assume liability for any damages caused by any errors or omissions in these data. If appropriate, NCEI can only certify that the data it distributes are an authentic copy of the records that were accepted for inclusion in the NCEI archives.
resourceConstraints: (MD_LegalConstraints)
accessConstraints: (MD_RestrictionCode) otherRestrictions
otherConstraints: Use liability: NOAA and NCEI cannot provide any warranty as to the accuracy, reliability, or completeness of furnished data. Users assume responsibility to determine the usability of these data. The user is responsible for the results of any application of this data for other than its intended purpose.
language:
LanguageCode: eng; USA
characterSet: (MD_CharacterSetCode) utf8
topicCategory: (MD_TopicCategoryCode) environment
topicCategory: (MD_TopicCategoryCode) oceans
topicCategory: (MD_TopicCategoryCode) climatologyMeteorologyAtmosphere
topicCategory: (MD_TopicCategoryCode) biota
extent: (EX_Extent)
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westBoundLongitude: -154.28997
eastBoundLongitude: -148.29917
southBoundLatitude: 58.82072
northBoundLatitude: 62.21883
temporalElement: (EX_TemporalExtent)
extent:
TimePeriod:
beginPosition: 1993-06-02
endPosition: 2022-06-18
supplementalInformation: Submission Package ID: 2RDY0Y Citation: Kim E. W. Shelden, Christy L. Sims, Kimberly T. Goetz, David J. Rugh, Janice M. Waite, Roderick C. Hobbs In this accession, NCEI has archived multiple versions of these data. The latest (and best) version of these data has the largest version number.
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distributionInfo: (MD_Distribution)
distributor: (MD_Distributor)
distributorContact: (CI_ResponsibleParty)
organisationName:
Anchor: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/archive-management-system/OAS/bin/prd/jquery/institution/details/1730 NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information
contactInfo: (CI_Contact)
phone: (CI_Telephone)
voice: +1-301-713-3277
address: (CI_Address)
electronicMailAddress: NCEI.Info@noaa.gov
role: (CI_RoleCode) pointOfContact
distributionOrderProcess: (MD_StandardOrderProcess)
fees: In most cases, electronic downloads of the data are free. However, fees may apply for custom orders, data certifications, copies of analog materials, and data distribution on physical media.
orderingInstructions: Contact NCEI for other distribution options and instructions.
distributorFormat: (MD_Format)
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linkage: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/accession/0133936
protocol: HTTPS
applicationProfile: Web browser
name: NCEI Dataset Landing Page
description: Navigate directly to the URL for a descriptive web page with download links.
function: (CI_OnLineFunctionCode) information
onLine: (CI_OnlineResource)
linkage: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/accession/oas/133936
protocol: HTTPS
applicationProfile: Web browser
name: Descriptive Information
description: Navigate directly to the URL for a descriptive web page with download links.
function: (CI_OnLineFunctionCode) information
onLine: (CI_OnlineResource)
linkage: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/accession/download/133936
protocol: HTTPS
applicationProfile: Web browser
name: HTTPS
description: Navigate directly to the URL for data access and direct download.
function: (CI_OnLineFunctionCode) download
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linkage: ftp://ftp-oceans.ncei.noaa.gov/nodc/archive/arc0079/0133936/
protocol: FTP
applicationProfile: Any FTP client
name: FTP
description: These data are available through the File Transfer Protocol (FTP). FTP is no longer supported by most internet browsers. You may copy and paste the FTP link to the data into an FTP client (e.g., FileZilla or WinSCP).
function: (CI_OnLineFunctionCode) download
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dataQualityInfo: (DQ_DataQuality)
scope: (DQ_Scope)
level: (MD_ScopeCode) dataset
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processStep: (LE_ProcessStep)
description: NCEI Accession 0133936 v1.1 was published.
dateTime:
DateTime: 2015-10-14T13:19:22Z
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title: NCEI Accession 0133936 v1.1
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linkage: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/accession/0133936/1.1
protocol: HTTPS
name: NCEI Accession 0133936 v1.1
description: published 2015-10-14T13:19:22Z
function: (CI_OnLineFunctionCode) download
role: (inapplicable)
processStep: (LE_ProcessStep)
description: NCEI Accession 0133936 was revised and v2.2 was published.
rationale: Updates were received for this dataset. These updates were copied into the data/0-data/ directory of this accession. These updates may provide additional files or replace obsolete files. This version contains the most complete and up-to-date representation of this archival information package. All of the files received prior to this update are available in the preceding version of this accession.
dateTime:
DateTime: 2015-10-30T12:25:29Z
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title: NCEI Accession 0133936 v2.2
date: (CI_Date)
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contactInfo: (CI_Contact)
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linkage: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/accession/0133936/2.2
protocol: HTTPS
name: NCEI Accession 0133936 v2.2
description: published 2015-10-30T12:25:29Z
function: (CI_OnLineFunctionCode) download
role: (inapplicable)
processStep: (LE_ProcessStep)
description: NCEI Accession 0133936 was revised and v3.3 was published.
rationale: Updates were received for this dataset. These updates were copied into the data/0-data/ directory of this accession. These updates may provide additional files or replace obsolete files. This version contains the most complete and up-to-date representation of this archival information package. All of the files received prior to this update are available in the preceding version of this accession.
dateTime:
DateTime: 2015-11-09T15:28:26Z
output: (LE_Source)
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title: NCEI Accession 0133936 v3.3
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individualName: (inapplicable)
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onlineResource: (CI_OnlineResource)
linkage: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/accession/0133936/3.3
protocol: HTTPS
name: NCEI Accession 0133936 v3.3
description: published 2015-11-09T15:28:26Z
function: (CI_OnLineFunctionCode) download
role: (inapplicable)
processStep: (LE_ProcessStep)
description: NCEI Accession 0133936 was revised and v4.4 was published.
rationale: Updates were received for this dataset. These updates were copied into the data/0-data/ directory of this accession. These updates may provide additional files or replace obsolete files. This version contains the most complete and up-to-date representation of this archival information package. All of the files received prior to this update are available in the preceding version of this accession.
dateTime:
DateTime: 2023-08-04T15:29:34Z
output: (LE_Source)
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title: NCEI Accession 0133936 v4.4
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individualName: (inapplicable)
contactInfo: (CI_Contact)
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linkage: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/accession/0133936/4.4
protocol: HTTPS
name: NCEI Accession 0133936 v4.4
description: published 2023-08-04T15:29:34Z
function: (CI_OnLineFunctionCode) download
role: (inapplicable)
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dataQualityInfo: (DQ_DataQuality)
scope: (DQ_Scope)
level: (MD_ScopeCode) dataset
lineage: (LI_Lineage)
processStep: (LE_ProcessStep)
description: Data Type: LATITUDE (measured); Units: decimal degrees; Observation Type: other; Sampling Instrument: GPS.
processStep: (LE_ProcessStep)
description: Data Type: LONGITUDE (measured); Units: decimal degrees; Observation Type: other; Sampling Instrument: GPS.
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metadataMaintenance: (MD_MaintenanceInformation)
maintenanceAndUpdateFrequency: (MD_MaintenanceFrequencyCode) asNeeded
maintenanceNote: Metadata are developed, maintained and distributed by NCEI. Updates are performed as needed to maintain currentness.
maintenanceNote: NCEI Accession 0133936 was revised and a new version of the archival package was published. Updates to existing archival packages may provide additional files or replace obsolete files. The latest version contains the most complete and up-to-date representation of this archival information package. All of the files received prior to this update are available in the preceding version of this accession. Please see journal.txt in the /about directory for additional details on changes made.
contact: (CI_ResponsibleParty)
organisationName: NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information
role: (CI_RoleCode) custodian
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acquisitionInformation: (MI_AcquisitionInformation)
instrument: (MI_Instrument)
identifier: (MD_Identifier)
code: Distance Sampling
type: Distance Sampling
description: A set of randomly placed lines or points is established and distances are measured to those objects detected by traveling the line or surveying the points. https://gcmd.earthdata.nasa.gov/KeywordViewer/scheme/instruments/092cad6c-758d-4d0b-b615-615fc42e08b5?gtm_keyword=Distance%20Sampling>m_scheme=instruments Reference https://distancesampling.org/downloads/distancebook1993/index.html; Buckland, S.T., Anderson, D.R., Burnham, K.P. and Laake, J.L. 1993. Distance Sampling: Estimating Abundance of Biological Populations. Chapman and Hall, London. 446pp.
instrument: (MI_Instrument)
identifier: (MD_Identifier)
code: GPS
type: GPS
description: Global Positioning System receiver satellite-based instrument used for geo-location, positioning and navigation
instrument: (MI_Instrument)
identifier: (MD_Identifier)
code: inclinometer
type: inclinometer
description: used on moored buoys to derive wave steepness or height instrument used on moored buoys to measure 'vertical displacement of the buoy hull' to determine wave height, period, etc. May be used in conjunction with the use of a Datawell Hippy sensor to measure vertical heave acceleration along with pitch and roll. Also may be used with a second sensor, a triaxial magnetometer, is used to measure hull azimuth.
instrument: (MI_Instrument)
identifier: (MD_Identifier)
code: line transect sampling
type: line transect sampling
description: perpendicular distances from a line A line is traversed by an observer and perpendicular distances are measured from the line to each detected object. Reference https://distancesampling.org/downloads/distancebook1993/index.html; Buckland, S.T., Anderson, D.R., Burnham, K.P. and Laake, J.L. 1993. Distance Sampling: Estimating Abundance of Biological Populations. Chapman and Hall, London. 446pp.
instrument: (MI_Instrument)
identifier: (MD_Identifier)
code: video camera
type: video camera
description: a camera which makes moving or still images used as the basis for making parameter determinations
instrument: (MI_Instrument)
identifier: (MD_Identifier)
code: visual analysis
type: visual analysis
description: visual analysis and measurement of sample materials use visual analysis with observation types of visual estimate and/or visual observation
instrument: (MI_Instrument)
identifier: (MD_Identifier)
code: visual estimate
type: visual estimate
description: not an instrument - maybe an observation type
instrument: (MI_Instrument)
identifier: (MD_Identifier)
code: visual observation
type: visual observation
description: not an instrument - maybe an observation type
platform: (MI_Platform)
identifier: (MD_Identifier)
code: AIRCRAFT
description: AIRCRAFT
instrument: (missing)
