Marine Biogeographic Assessment of the Main Hawaiian Islands: Synthesized physical and biological data offshore of the Main Hawaiian Islands from 1891-01-01 to 2015-03-01 (NCEI Accession 0155189)
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title: Marine Biogeographic Assessment of the Main Hawaiian Islands: Synthesized physical and biological data offshore of the Main Hawaiian Islands from 1891-01-01 to 2015-03-01 (NCEI Accession 0155189)
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abstract: This dataset contains analyses and data products used in a marine biogeographic assessment of the main Hawaiian Islands. The Bureau of Ocean Energy Management (BOEM) regulates the leasing, construction and operation of renewable energy projects in federal waters, and is required to evaluate potential human, coastal and marine impacts from these projects. In 2013, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science (NCCOS) partnered with BOEM to support their review of renewable energy lease requests offshore of the Main Hawaiian Islands (MHI). Collaborations with a variety of local federal, state, academic and non-governmental organizations were crucial for this work. NCCOS compiled existing, readily-available spatial data and synthesized new products around the MHI, describing the physical and biological marine environment, benthic habitats, fishes, sea turtles, marine mammals, and seabirds. Analyses and data products were specifically tailored to meet BOEM’s needs, and to fit within BOEM’s framework of offshore lease blocks. Data products range from simple animal distribution maps to mathematical models depicting the predicted distributions of animals. For some animals, this assessment marks the first time that their space-use patterns were mapped or modeled in the MHI, and made available online. These datasets are one component of the larger BOEM and State of Hawai‘i processes to evaluate offshore renewable energy proposals around the MHI.
purpose: The Bureau of Ocean Energy Management (BOEM) partnered with NOAA's National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science (NCCOS) to develop a comprehensive marine biogeographic assessment of the Main Hawaiian Islands (MHI). NCCOS compiled and synthesized readily-available spatial information describing the environment, benthic communities, fishes, sea turtles, marine mammals, and seabirds around the MHI. This assessment was conducted to inform BOEM’s renewable energy policy decisions in the MHI. The products developed during this assessment are intended to provide environmental context for proposed offshore renewable energy infrastructure, including anchors, cables and floating wind turbines. Having the most up-to-date and comprehensive biogeographic information is an important part of BOEM’s process to identify and fill critical data gaps, and to assess the potential direct and indirect impacts of renewable energy development on the surrounding marine ecosystems. Products from this assessment may also support coastal and ocean management efforts by other local, state and federal agencies working in the MHI.
credit: Funding Agency: US DOI; Bureau of Ocean Energy Management (BOEM)
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keyword: Mesophotic
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keyword: Raster Navigational Charts 10320
keyword: Raster Navigational Charts 19004
keyword: Raster Navigational Charts 19010
keyword: Raster Navigational Charts 19013
keyword: Raster Navigational Charts 19340
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keyword: Balaenoptera edeni
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keyword: Black winged Petrel
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keyword: Brown Booby
keyword: Brown Noddy
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keyword: Bubblegum coral
keyword: Bulweria bulwerii
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keyword: Calcaxonia
keyword: Calibelemnon
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keyword: Chelonia mydas
keyword: Christmas Shearwater
keyword: Chrysopathes
keyword: Cirrhipathes
keyword: Common bottlenose dolphin
keyword: Cook’s Petrel
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keyword: Dendropathes
keyword: Dermochelys coriacea
keyword: Dwarf sperm whale
keyword: Enallopsammia rostrata
keyword: Eretmochelys imbricata
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keyword: Feresa attenuata
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keyword: Framework forming Scleractinia
keyword: Fraser’s dolphin
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keyword: Gold corals
keyword: Gorgonian Alcyonacea
keyword: Grampus griseus
keyword: Great Frigatebird
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keyword: Gygis alba
keyword: Hawaiian Petrel
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keyword: Hawksbill
keyword: Holaxonia
keyword: Humpback whale
keyword: Indopacetus pacificus
keyword: Isididae
keyword: Juan Fernandez Petrel
keyword: Killer whale
keyword: Kogia breviceps
keyword: Kogia sima
keyword: Kulamanamana haumeaae
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keyword: Laysan Albatross
keyword: Leatherback
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title: Delevaux, Jade M. S.; Whittier, Robert; Stamoulis, Kostantinos A.; Bremer, Leah L.; Jupiter, Stacy; Friedlander, Alan M.; Poti, Matthew; Guannel, Greg; Kurashima, Natalie; Winter, Kawika B.; Toonen, Robert; Conklin, Eric; Wiggins, Chad; Knudby, Anders; Goodell, Whitney; Burnett, Kimberly; Yee, Susan; Htun, Hla; Oleson, Kirsten L. L.; Wiegner, Tracy; Ticktin, Tamara. A linked land-sea modeling framework to inform ridge-to-reef management in high oceanic islands; A linked land-sea modeling framework to inform ridge-to-reef management in high oceanic islands; PLOS ONE. 2018. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0193230
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supplementalInformation: The state of Hawai‘i is working to develop local renewable energy sources to reduce its dependence on fossil fuels. Most of the State’s potential renewable energy resources (notably, wind) are located in federal waters from 3 to 200 nm offshore. The Bureau of Ocean Energy Management (BOEM) regulates the leasing, construction and operation of renewable energy projects in federal waters, and is required to evaluate potential human, coastal and marine impacts from these projects. BOEM partnered with the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science (NCCOS) to gather biogeographic information in support of this evaluation around the Main Hawaiian Islands (MHI). The complexity of products from this assessment range from simple animal distribution maps to mathematical models depicting the predicted distributions of animals. Biogeographic analyses and data products were specifically tailored to meet BOEM’s needs, and designed to fit within BOEM’s framework of offshore lease blocks. This biogeographic assessment addresses three main questions: (1) how are select species or taxonomic groups distributed spatially and temporally around the MHI?; (2) what environmental conditions influence these distributions?; and (3) what significant gaps exist in our knowledge about the biogeography of the area? To answer these questions, readily-available spatial information was compiled and synthesized, including information on the physical and biological environment, benthic habitats, fishes, sea turtles, marine mammals, and seabirds. The assessment focused on federal waters and taxa that were: (1) more likely to interact with renewable energy infrastructure, (2) culturally significant, (3) legally protected, and/or (4) economically valuable. Collaborations with local managers, scientists, and experts from a variety of federal, state, academic and non-governmental organizations were crucial. These partners contributed their data, time and expertise, and many were contributing coauthors on the final report. The biogeography of the MHI is shaped by atmospheric and oceanographic conditions that operate at different temporal and spatial scales around the islands. Marine animals respond to these changing conditions in different ways. Some taxonomic groups and species use the same locations year round (e.g., on Penguin Bank or offshore of the Kona Coast, Hawaiʻi), while most taxa utilize different geographic areas at different times of the year. Understanding these spatial and temporal patterns is critical for marine spatial planning efforts. For some taxa, this marine biogeographic assessment marks the first time that their space-use patterns were mapped or modeled in the MHI, and the associated data compilation made available online. It establishes a baseline for assessing potential impacts, a guide for monitoring change, a roadmap for prioritizing how to fill data gaps, and a framework for integrating ocean research and management efforts moving forward. Submission Package ID: HJ6HF2
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Anchor: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/archive-management-system/OAS/bin/prd/jquery/institution/details/1730 NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information
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fees: In most cases, electronic downloads of the data are free. However, fees may apply for custom orders, data certifications, copies of analog materials, and data distribution on physical media.
orderingInstructions: Contact NCEI for other distribution options and instructions.
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description: These data are available through the File Transfer Protocol (FTP). FTP is no longer supported by most internet browsers. You may copy and paste the FTP link to the data into an FTP client (e.g., FileZilla or WinSCP).
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description: NCEI Accession 0155189 v1.1 was published.
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DateTime: 2016-08-29T17:40:57Z
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description: Data Type: Chapter 1: Introduction (calculated); Units: Varied; Observation Type: other; Sampling Instrument: Documentation only – no instrument type; Sampling and Analyzing Method: Property Type: Calculated; Units: Meters; Observation Category: Other; Sampling Instrument: Documentation only – no instrument type; Parameters: 1.Boundaries – Marine Managed Areas, De Facto Marine Managed Areas, Marine Managed Areas and Regulations, Project Area, Shoreline, Federal Waters, State Waters; 2.Elevation – Elevation, Elevation (Standard Deviation) 3.Raster Navigational Charts – 00540, 19004, 19010, 19013, 19320, 19340, 19380; Methods: See Costa, B.M., M.S. Kendall and G. Sanders. 2016. Chapter 1: Introduction. pp. 1-12. In: B.M. Costa and M.S. Kendall (eds.). Marine Biogeographic Assessment of the Main Hawaiian Islands. Bureau of Ocean Energy Management and National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. OCS Study BOEM 2016-035 and NOAA Technical Memorandum NOS NCCOS 214. 359 pp.; Data Quality Information: See Costa, B.M., M.S. Kendall and G. Sanders. 2016. Chapter 1: Introduction. pp. 1-12. In: B.M. Costa and M.S. Kendall (eds.). Marine Biogeographic Assessment of the Main Hawaiian Islands. Bureau of Ocean Energy Management and National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. OCS Study BOEM 2016-035 and NOAA Technical Memorandum NOS NCCOS 214. 359 pp.
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description: Data Type: Chapter 2: Environmental Setting (calculated); Units: varied; Observation Type: satellite, model output, other; Sampling Instrument: varied; Sampling and Analyzing Method: Property Type: Measured and Calculated; Units: Meters, meters/second, seconds, number of occurrences, degrees, percent, °Celsius, °Celsius per pixel, radians/meter2, radians/meter, steridians-1, miligrams/meter³, miligrams/meter³ per pixel, miligrams of Carbon/meter2/day; Observation Category: Satellite, Model output, Other. Sampling Instrument: QuikSCAT, MODIS Aqua, HYCOM + NCODA Global 1/12 Reanalysis, Aviso, GHRSST, MUR, AVHRR CORTAD v3, WW3, GEBCO, Coastal Relief Model, documentation only – no instrument type; Parameters: 1.Atmosphere – Wind Direction (Summer/Winter Circular Mean); Wind Divergence (Summer/Winter Mean); Wind Speed (Summer/Winter Mean & Standard Deviation); Wind Speed in the East-West Direction(Summer/Winter Mean & Standard Deviation); Wind Speed in the North-South Direction (Summer/Winter Mean & Standard Deviation); 2.Biological Oceanography - Chlorophyll-a Concentrations (Summer/Winter Mean & Standard Deviation); Chlorophyll-a Front Frequency (Summer/Winter Mean); Chlorophyll-a Front Persistence (Summer/Winter Mean); Chlorophyll-a Front Strength (Summer/Winter Mean), NPP-Net Primary Productivity (Summer/Winter Mean); 3.Distance – Seamounts (100 to 2,750 m deep); Seamounts (100 to 4,500 m deep); Shelf Edge; Shoreline; Distance to Seamounts (100 to 2,750 m deep); Distance to Seamounts (100 to 4,500 m deep); Distance to Shelf Edge; Distance to Shoreline; 4.Physical Oceanography - a.Water Clarity: Euphotic Depth (Summer/Winter Mean); Turbidity at 547 nm (Summer/Winter Mean & Standard Deviation); b.Water Height: Sea Surface Height Maps of Absolute Dynamic Topography (Summer/Winter Mean & Standard Deviation); c.Water Movement: Bottom Current Direction (Annual Circular Mean); Bottom Current Speed (Annual Mean & Standard Deviation); Bottom Current Speed in the East-West Direction (Annual Mean); Bottom Current Speed in the North-South Direction (Annual Mean); Mixed Layer Depth (Summer/Winter Mean); Probability of Anti-cyclonic Eddy Rings (Summer/Winter Mean); Probability of Cyclonic Eddy Rings (Summer/Winter Mean); Probability of Eddy Rings (Summer/Winter Mean); Surface Current Direction (Summer/Winter Circular Mean); Surface Current Divergence (Summer/Winter Mean); Surface Current Speed (Summer/Winter Mean & Standard Deviation); Surface Current Speed in the East-West Direction (Summer/Winter Mean); Surface Current Speed in the North-South Direction (Summer/Winter Mean); Surface Current Vorticity (Summer/Winter Mean); Upwelling (Summer/Winter Mean); d.Water Temperature: Bottom Temperature (Annual Mean); Sea Surface Temperature (Summer/Winter Mean & Standard Deviation); SST Anomaly Frequency (Summer/Winter Mean); SST Front Frequency (Summer/Winter Mean); SST Front Persistence (Summer/Winter Mean); SST Front Strength (Summer/Winter Mean); Thermal Stress Anomaly Frequency (Summer/Winter Mean); e.Waves: Peak Period (Summer/Winter Mean & Standard Deviation); Significant Height (Summer/Winter Mean & Standard Deviation); 5.Seafloor Depth – Depth; Depth Model; Depth Model Uncertainty (Difference); Depth Model Uncertainty (Standard Error); Depth Source (0 to 100 m); Depth Source (100 to 7,000 m); 6.Seafloor Surveys – Digital Depth Data (1900 to 2009); Ship Tracklines Multibeam SoNARs (1984 to 2014); Ship Tracklines Singlebeam SoNARs (1956 to 2009); 7.Seafloor Topography – Curvature Total (Mean); Curvature Planform (Mean); Curvature Profile (Mean); Depth (Mean & Standard Deviation); Rugosity (Mean); Slope (Mean); Slope Rate of Change (Mean); Methods: See Costa, B.M., M. Poti, A.J. Winship, P.I. Miller and J. Gove. 2016. Chapter 2: Environmental Setting. Pp. 13-56. In Costa, B.M. and M.S. Kendall. (eds.). 2016. Marine Biogeographic Assessment of the Main Hawaiian Islands. OCS Study BOEM 2016-035 and NOAA Technical Memorandum NOS NCCOS 214. Silver Spring, MD. 359 pp.; Data Quality Information: See Costa, B.M., M. Poti, A.J. Winship, P.I. Miller and J. Gove. 2016. Chapter 2: Environmental Setting. Pp. 13-56. In Costa, B.M. and M.S. Kendall. (eds.). 2016. Marine Biogeographic Assessment of the Main Hawaiian Islands. OCS Study BOEM 2016-035 and NOAA Technical Memorandum NOS NCCOS 214. Silver Spring, MD. 359 pp.
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description: Data Type: Chapter 3: Benthic Habitats (calculated); Units: varied; Observation Type: Satellite, model output, in situ, other; Sampling Instrument: varied; Sampling and Analyzing Method: Property Type: Measured and Calculated; Units: Benthic habitat type, percent biological cover, number of species, presence/absence, probability of occurrence, habitat suitability class, percent, degrees, meters, radians/meter2, radians/meter, °Celsius, centimeter/second, meter/second, miligrams/meter3, steridians-1, practical salinity unit (PSU); Observation Category: Satellite, model output, in situ, other; Sampling Instrument: SCUBA diver-based surveys; Remotely operated and towed cameras and vehicles; Aqua MODIS; HYCOM + NCODA Global 1/12 Reanalysis, documentation only – no instrument type; Parameters: 1.Shallow – a.Compiled habitat records: coral richness (mean and by year), biological cover (mean and by year); b.Benthic habitat map, benthic habitat video and photo locations (and key); 2.Mesophotic – a.Compiled survey records: presences and absences of Leptoseris spp., Porites spp., Montipora spp.; b.Environmental predictors: seafloor topography, geography, physical oceanography; c.Model predictions: probability of occurrence and standard error for Leptoseris spp., Porites spp., Montipora spp.; 3.Deep – a.Compiled survey records (and key): presences of Gold corals (Kulamanamana haumeaae); Framework-forming Scleractinia (includes Enallopsammia rostrata, Madracis kauaiensis, Madrepora oculata, Scleractinia “bramble”); Non-framework-forming Scleractinia (includes all Scleractinia identified at the family level that are not in Framework-forming Scleractinia); Antipatharia, shallow depth genera (30-100 m; includes Antipathes, Cirrhipathes); Antipatharia, mid-depth genera (100-300 m; includes Acanthopathes, Antipathella, Myriopathes, Stichopathes); Antipatharia, deep genera (>300 m; includes Aphanipathes, Bathypathes, Chrysopathes, Dendropathes, Leiopathes, Parantipathes, Stauropathes, Trissopathes, Umbellapathes); Pennatulacea, hard substrate (includes Anthoptilum and Calibelemnon); Pennatulacea, soft substrate (includes all Pennatulacea genera not in Pennatulacea, hard substrate); Non-gorgonian Alcyonacea (includes Suborders Alcyoniina, Stolonifera); Gorgonian Alcyonacea (includes Suborders Calcaxonia, Holaxonia, Scleraxonia); Calcaxonia; Bamboo coral (Isididae); Holaxonia; Scleraxonia; Red and Pink Coral (Corallium spp.); Bubblegum coral (Paragorgiidae); b.Environmental predictors: seafloor topography, geography, oceanography; c.Model predictions: classified habitat suitability likelihood and habitat suitability likelihood class variability for Gold corals (Kulamanamana haumeaae); Framework-forming Scleractinia (includes Enallopsammia rostrata, Madracis kauaiensis, Madrepora oculata, Scleractinia “bramble”); Non-framework-forming Scleractinia (includes all Scleractinia identified at the family level that are not in Framework-forming Scleractinia); Antipatharia, shallow depth genera (30-100 m; includes Antipathes, Cirrhipathes); Antipatharia, mid-depth genera (100-300 m; includes Acanthopathes, Antipathella, Myriopathes, Stichopathes); Antipatharia, deep genera (>300 m; includes Aphanipathes, Bathypathes, Chrysopathes, Dendropathes, Leiopathes, Parantipathes, Stauropathes, Trissopathes, Umbellapathes); Pennatulacea, hard substrate (includes Anthoptilum and Calibelemnon); Pennatulacea, soft substrate (includes all Pennatulacea genera not in Pennatulacea, hard substrate); Non-gorgonian Alcyonacea (includes Suborders Alcyoniina, Stolonifera); Gorgonian Alcyonacea (includes Suborders Calcaxonia, Holaxonia, Scleraxonia); Calcaxonia; Bamboo coral (Isididae); Holaxonia; Scleraxonia; Red and Pink Coral (Corallium spp.); Bubblegum coral (Paragorgiidae); 4 or more genera; 7 or more genera; Data Quality Information: Methods: See Bauer, L., M. Poti, B.M. Costa, D. Wagner, F. Parrish, M. Donovan, and B. Kinlan. 2016. Chapter 3: Benthic Habitats and Corals. pp. 57-136. In: B.M. Costa and M.S. Kendall (eds.). Marine Biogeographic Assessment of the Main Hawaiian Islands. Bureau of Ocean Energy Management and National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. OCS Study BOEM 2016-035 and NOAA Technical Memorandum NOS NCCOS 214. 359 pp.
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description: Data Type: Chapter 4: Fishes (calculated); Units: varied; Observation Type: Model output, in situ, other; Sampling Instrument: varied; Sampling and Analyzing Method: Property Type: Measured and Calculated; Units: Pounds caught, number of trips per month, catch per unit effort (total pounds caught per trip), number of fish, number of people, relative abundance, number of species, grams/meter2, meters, degrees, radians per meter2, radians per meter, kilowatts per meter, percent, meters per hectare, coefficient of variation; Observation Category: Model output, in situ, other; Sampling Instrument: SCUBA diver-based surveys, Remotely operated camera (BOTCAM), Survey by State of Hawaiʻi, documentation only – no instrument type; Parameters: 1.Bottom fish – a.Compiled BotCam observations (within the BOEM lease block/aliquot system): BotCam sites, Species richness of Deep7, and Relative abundance of Deep7 on hard and soft substrate types; b.Compiled DAR fishery records (for bottom fish within DAR’s reporting framework): Reporting areas, deep-sea hand line (DSHL) fishing effort for bottom fish, total catch of Deep7, and catch-per-unit-effort (CPUE) of Deep 7; 2.Reef fish communities – a.Compiled survey records: total species richness, total biomass, species richness of endemics, biomass of endemics, biomass of resource fish; b.Environmental predictors: Seafloor topography, geography, physical oceanography, benthic habitat composition; c.Reef fish predictions, maps & coefficient of variation: Total species richness, total biomass, species richness of endemics, biomass of endemics, biomass of resource fish divided into 4 island groups (Hawaiʻi, Kauaʻi, Maui Nui, and Oʻahu); 3.Ancillary datasets – Coral Reef Ecosystem Essential Fish Habitat (EFH), Bottom fish Essential Fish Habitat (EFH), Bottom fish Restricted Fishing Areas, Marine Life Conservation Districts and Fishery Management Areas, Fish Aggregating Devices (FADs); Methods: For bottom fish, see Siceloff, L., M.S. Kendall, R. Kokubun, J. Drazen, and V. Moriwake. 2016. Chapter 4: Fishes - Bottom Fish. pp. 137-155. In: B.M. Costa and M.S. Kendall (eds.). Marine Biogeographic Assessment of the Main Hawaiian Islands. Bureau of Ocean Energy Management and National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. OCS Study BOEM 2016-035 and NOAA Technical Memorandum NOS NCCOS 214. 359 pp. For reef fish, see Stamoulis, K.A., M. Poti, J.M.S. Delevaux, M.K. Donovan, A. Friedlander, and M.S. Kendall. 2016. Chapter 4: Fishes - Reef Fish. pp. 156-196. In: B.M. Costa and M.S. Kendall (eds.). Marine Biogeographic Assessment of the Main Hawaiian Islands. Bureau of Ocean Energy Management and National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. OCS Study BOEM 2016-035 and NOAA Technical Memorandum NOS NCCOS 214. 359 pp.; Data Quality Information: See Siceloff, L., M.S. Kendall, R. Kokubun, J. Drazen, and V. Moriwake. 2016. Chapter 4: Fishes - Bottom Fish. pp. 137-155. In: B.M. Costa and M.S. Kendall (eds.). Marine Biogeographic Assessment of the Main Hawaiian Islands. Bureau of Ocean Energy Management and National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. OCS Study BOEM 2016-035 and NOAA Technical Memorandum NOS NCCOS 214. 359 pp; Stamoulis, K.A., M. Poti, J.M.S. Delevaux, M.K. Donovan, A. Friedlander, and M.S. Kendall. 2016. Chapter 4: Fishes - Reef Fish. pp. 156-196. In: B.M. Costa and M.S. Kendall (eds.). Marine Biogeographic Assessment of the Main Hawaiian Islands. Bureau of Ocean Energy Management and National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. OCS Study BOEM 2016-035 and NOAA Technical Memorandum NOS NCCOS 214. 359 pp.
processStep: (LE_ProcessStep)
description: Data Type: Chapter 5: Sea Turtles (calculated); Units: varied; Observation Type: in situ, other; Sampling Instrument: opportunistic surveys by public; Sampling and Analyzing Method: Property Type: Measured and Calculated; Units: turtle species, frequency, number of turtles, cause of stranding, number of people per kilometer squared per census tract, type of shoreline; Observation Category: In situ, other; Sampling Instrument: Visual land-based surveys, documentation only – no instrument type; Parameters: 1.Basking locations – Green turtles (Chelonia mydas); 2.Nesting locations - Green (Chelonia mydas), Hawksbill (Eretmochelys imbricata), Leatherback (Dermochelys coriacea)and Olive Ridley (Lepidochelys olivacea)turtles; 3.Stranding locations - Green (Chelonia mydas), Hawksbill (Eretmochelys imbricata), Loggerhead (Caretta caretta)and Olive Ridley (Lepidochelys olivacea)turtles; 4.Ancillary datasets – U.S. Census Tracts & Human Population Density, Environmental Sensitivity Index (ESI) Shoreline, Cliffs and Beaches; Methods: Roberson, K., M.S. Kendall, D. Parker, and S. Murakawa. pp. 197-224. In: B.M. Costa and M.S. Kendall (eds.). Marine Biogeographic Assessment of the Main Hawaiian Islands. Bureau of Ocean Energy Management and National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. OCS Study BOEM 2016-035 and NOAA Technical Memorandum NOS NCCOS 214. 359 pp.; Data Quality Information: See Roberson, K., M.S. Kendall, D. Parker, and S. Murakawa. pp. 197-224. In: B.M. Costa and M.S. Kendall (eds.). Marine Biogeographic Assessment of the Main Hawaiian Islands. Bureau of Ocean Energy Management and National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. OCS Study BOEM 2016-035 and NOAA Technical Memorandum NOS NCCOS 214. 359 pp.
processStep: (LE_ProcessStep)
description: Data Type: Chapter 6: Marine Mammals (calculated); Units: varied; Observation Type: Modeled output, in situ, other; Sampling Instrument: varied; Sampling and Analyzing Method: Property Type: Measured and Calculated; Units: Presence/absence, relative abundance within 1.2x1.2 km spatial bin, coefficient of variation, detections per 1.2x1.2 km; Observation Category: Modeled output, in situ, other; Sampling Instrument: Visual ship-based and aerial surveys, telemetry tracking, documentation only – no instrument type; Parameters: 1.Cetacean sighting locations (Summer and/or Winter) – Blainville’s beaked whale (Mesoplodon densirostris), Bryde’s whale (Balaenoptera edeni), Common bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus), Cuvier’s beaked whale (Ziphius cavirostris), Dwarf sperm whale (Kogia sima), False killer whale (Pseudorca crassidens), Fin whale (Balaenoptera physalus), Fraser’s dolphin (Lagenodelphis hosei), Humpback whale (Megaptera novaeangliae), Killer whale (Orcinus orca), Longman’s beaked whale (Indopacetus pacificus), Melon-headed whale (Peponocephala electra), Pantropical spotted dolphin (Stenella attenuata), Pygmy killer whale (Feresa attenuata), Pygmy sperm whale (Kogia breviceps), Risso’s dolphin (Grampus griseus), Rough-toothed dolphin (Steno bredanensis), Sei whale (Balaenoptera borealis), Short-finned pilot whale (Globicephala macrorhynchus), Sperm whale (Physeter macrocephalus), Spinner dolphin (Stenella longirostris), Striped dolphin (Stenella coeruleoalba); 2.Cetacean model predictions (Relative Abundance) (Summer and/or Winter) - Common bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus), Humpback whale (Megaptera novaeangliae), Pantropical spotted dolphin (Stenella attenuata), Rough-toothed dolphin (Steno bredanensis), Short-finned pilot whale (Globicephala macrorhynchus), Sperm whale (Physeter macrocephalus), Spinner dolphin (Stenella longirostris); 3.Cetacean model predictions (CV, Coefficient of Variation) (Summer and/or Winter) – Common bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus), Humpback whale (Megaptera novaeangliae), Pantropical spotted dolphin (Stenella attenuata), Rough-toothed dolphin (Steno bredanensis), Short-finned pilot whale (Globicephala macrorhynchus), Sperm whale (Physeter macrocephalus), Spinner dolphin (Stenella longirostris); 4.Hawaiian monk seal (Neomonachus schauinslandi) telemetry detection densities mapped within 1.2x1.2 km grid derived from 19 individual seals tracked between 2007 to 2014; 5.Hawaiian monk seal (Neomonachus schauinslandi) presences mapped within 5x5 km grid derived from sightings data recorded between 2007 to 2011; 6.Hawaiian monk seal (Neomonachus schauinslandi) critical terrestrial and marine habitats protected under the Endangered Species Act (1972); Methods: For cetaceans, see Pittman, S.J., A.J. Winship, M. Poti, B.P. Kinlan, J.B. Leirness, R.W. Baird, J. Barlow, E.A. Becker, K.A. Forney, M.C. Hill, P.I. Miller, J. Mobley and E.M. Oleson. 2016. Chapter 6: Marine Mammals - Cetaceans. pp. 227-265. In: B.M. Costa and M.S. Kendall (eds.). Marine Biogeographic Assessment of the Main Hawaiian Islands. Bureau of Ocean Energy Management and National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. OCS Study BOEM 2016-035 and NOAA Technical Memorandum NOS NCCOS 214. 359 pp. For Hawaiian Monk Seals, see Pittman, S.J., A.J. Winship, K. Wilson and C.L. Littnan. 2016. Chapter 6: Marine Mammals - Hawaiian Monk Seal. pp. 266-282. In: B.M. Costa and M.S. Kendall (eds.). Marine Biogeographic Assessment of the Main Hawaiian Islands. Bureau of Ocean Energy Management and National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. OCS Study BOEM 2016-035 and NOAA Technical Memorandum NOS NCCOS 214. 359pp.; Data Quality Information: See Pittman, S.J., A.J. Winship, M. Poti, B.P. Kinlan, J.B. Leirness, R.W. Baird, J. Barlow, E.A. Becker, K.A. Forney, M.C. Hill, P.I. Miller, J. Mobley and E.M. Oleson. 2016. Chapter 6: Marine Mammals - Cetaceans. pp. 227-265. In: B.M. Costa and M.S. Kendall (eds.). Marine Biogeographic Assessment of the Main Hawaiian Islands. Bureau of Ocean Energy Management and National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. OCS Study BOEM 2016-035 and NOAA Technical Memorandum NOS NCCOS 214. 359 pp; Pittman, S.J., A.J. Winship, K. Wilson and C.L. Littnan. 2016. Chapter 6: Marine Mammals - Hawaiian Monk Seal. pp. 266-282. In: B.M. Costa and M.S. Kendall (eds.). Marine Biogeographic Assessment of the Main Hawaiian Islands. Bureau of Ocean Energy Management and National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. OCS Study BOEM 2016-035 and NOAA Technical Memorandum NOS NCCOS 214. 359pp.
processStep: (LE_ProcessStep)
description: Data Type: Chapter 7: Seabirds (calculated); Units: varied; Observation Type: Model output, in situ, other; Sampling Instrument: varied; Sampling and Analyzing Method: Property Type: Measured and Calculated; Units: Presence/absence, relative abundance within 1.2x1.2 km spatial bin, coefficient of variation; Observation Category: Model output, in situ, other; Sampling Instrument: Visual ship-based surveys, documentation only – no instrument type; Parameters: 1.Sighting locations (Summer and/or Winter) – Band-rumped Storm-Petrel (Oceanodroma castro), Black-footed Albatross (Phoebastria nigripes), Black Noddy (Anous minutus), Black-winged Petrel (Pterodroma nigripennis), Blue-gray Noddy (Procelsterna cerulea), Brown Booby (Sula leucogaster), Brown Noddy (Anous stolidus), Bulwer’s Petrel (Bulweria bulwerii), Christmas Shearwater (Puffinus nativitatis), Cook’s Petrel (Pterodroma cookii), Great Frigatebird (Fregata minor), Hawaiian Petrel (Pterodroma sandwichensis), Juan Fernandez Petrel (Pterodroma externa), Laysan Albatross (Phoebastria immutabilis), Masked Booby (Sula dactylatra), Mottled Petrel (Pterodroma inexpectata), Newell’s Shearwater (Puffinus newelli), Red-footed Booby (Sula sula), Red-tailed Tropicbird (Phaethon rubricauda), Sooty Shearwater (Puffinus griseus), Sooty Tern (Onychoprion fuscatus), Wedge-tailed Shearwater (Puffinus pacificus), White-tailed Tropicbird (Phaethon lepturus), White Tern (Gygis alba); 2.Foraging range - Black-footed Albatross (Phoebastria nigripes), Black Noddy (Anous minutus), Blue-gray Noddy (Procelsterna cerulea), Brown Noddy (Anous stolidus), Great Frigatebird (Fregata minor), Laysan Albatross (Phoebastria immutabilis), Masked Booby (Sula dactylatra), Red-tailed Tropicbird (Phaethon rubricauda); 3.Model predictions (Relative Density) - Black-winged Petrel (Pterodroma nigripennis), Brown Booby (Sula leucogaster), Bulwer’s Petrel (Bulweria bulwerii), Cook’s Petrel (Pterodroma cookii), Hawaiian Petrel (Pterodroma sandwichensis), Juan Fernandez Petrel (Pterodroma externa), Mottled Petrel (Pterodroma inexpectata), Newell’s Shearwater (Puffinus newelli), Red-footed Booby (Sula sula), Sooty Shearwater (Puffinus griseus), Sooty Tern (Onychoprion fuscatus), Wedge-tailed Shearwater (Puffinus pacificus), White-tailed Tropicbird (Phaethon lepturus), White Tern (Gygis alba); 4.Model predictions (CV, Coefficient of Variation) – Black-winged Petrel (Pterodroma nigripennis), Brown Booby (Sula leucogaster), Bulwer’s Petrel (Bulweria bulwerii), Cook’s Petrel (Pterodroma cookii), Hawaiian Petrel (Pterodroma sandwichensis), Juan Fernandez Petrel (Pterodroma externa), Mottled Petrel (Pterodroma inexpectata), Newell’s Shearwater (Puffinus newelli), Red-footed Booby (Sula sula), Sooty Shearwater (Puffinus griseus), Sooty Tern (Onychoprion fuscatus), Wedge-tailed Shearwater (Puffinus pacificus), White-tailed Tropicbird (Phaethon lepturus), White Tern (Gygis alba); Methods: See Winship, A.J., B.P. Kinlan, L.T. Ballance, T. Joyce, J.B. Leirness, B.M. Costa, M. Poti and P.I. Miller. 2016. Chapter 7: Seabirds. pp. 283-319. In: B.M. Costa and M.S. Kendall (eds.). Marine Biogeographic Assessment of the Main Hawaiian Islands. Bureau of Ocean Energy Management and National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. OCS Study BOEM 2016-035 and NOAA Technical Memorandum NOS NCCOS 214. 359 pp.; Data Quality Information: See Winship, A.J., B.P. Kinlan, L.T. Ballance, T. Joyce, J.B. Leirness, B.M. Costa, M. Poti and P.I. Miller. 2016. Chapter 7: Seabirds. pp. 283-319. In: B.M. Costa and M.S. Kendall (eds.). Marine Biogeographic Assessment of the Main Hawaiian Islands. Bureau of Ocean Energy Management and National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. OCS Study BOEM 2016-035 and NOAA Technical Memorandum NOS NCCOS 214. 359 pp.
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metadataMaintenance: (MD_MaintenanceInformation)
maintenanceAndUpdateFrequency: (MD_MaintenanceFrequencyCode) asNeeded
maintenanceNote: Metadata are developed, maintained and distributed by NCEI. Updates are performed as needed to maintain currentness.
contact: (CI_ResponsibleParty)
organisationName: NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information
role: (CI_RoleCode) custodian
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acquisitionInformation: (MI_AcquisitionInformation)
instrument: (MI_Instrument)
identifier: (MD_Identifier)
code: AVHRR
type: AVHRR
description: Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer A meteorological satellite [instrument] with two bands that is used for large area Earth observation at 1 km spatial resolution. Source: Glossary of GIS and Remote Sensing Terms, University of Vermont. (http://fwie.fw.vt.edu/tws-gis/glossary.htm; last accessed on 09/22/2004). Specifically, this instrument type is to be used to represent AVHRR/1: "There are two series of AVHRR instruments. Built by ITT Aerospace/Optical Division in the mid 1970s, the AVHRR/1 is a four-channel, filter-wheel spectrometer/radiometer (Appendix) while the AVHRR/2, built in the early 1980s, is identical except for the addition of Channel 5." See https://www.ngdc.noaa.gov/ecosys/cdroms/AVHRR97_d1/avhrr3.htm
instrument: (MI_Instrument)
identifier: (MD_Identifier)
code: camera
type: camera
description: An instrument for recording images.
instrument: (MI_Instrument)
identifier: (MD_Identifier)
code: MODIS
type: MODIS
description: Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer MODIS (or Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer) is a key instrument aboard the Terra (EOS AM) and Aqua (EOS PM) satellites. Terra's orbit around the Earth is timed so that it passes from north to south across the equator in the morning, while Aqua passes south to north over the equator in the afternoon. Terra MODIS and Aqua MODIS are viewing the entire Earth's surface every 1 to 2 days, acquiring data in 36 spectral bands, or groups of wavelengths (see MODIS Technical Specifications). MODIS Technical Specifications Orbit: 705 km, 10:30 a.m. descending node (Terra) or 1:30 p.m. ascending node (Aqua), sun-synchronous, near-polar, circular Scan Rate: 20.3 rpm, cross track Swath Dimensions: 2330 km (cross track) by 10 km (along track at nadir) Telescope: 17.78 cm diam. off-axis, afocal (collimated), with intermediate field stop Size: 1.0 x 1.6 x 1.0 m Weight: 228.7 kg Power: 162.5 W (single orbit average) Data Rate: 10.6 Mbps (peak daytime); 6.1 Mbps (orbital average) Quantization: 12 bits Spatial Resolution: 250 m (bands 1-2); 500 m (bands 3-7); 1000 m (bands 8-36) Design Life: 6 years (From: http://modis.gsfc.nasa.gov/about/index.html)
instrument: (MI_Instrument)
identifier: (MD_Identifier)
code: swimmer/diver
type: swimmer/diver
description: not an instrument - use as observation type
instrument: (MI_Instrument)
identifier: (MD_Identifier)
code: visual observation
type: visual observation
description: not an instrument - maybe an observation type