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Current calcite (CaCO3) dissolution at the seafloor caused by anthropogenic CO2 (NCEI Accession 0176672)


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            title:  Current calcite (CaCO3) dissolution at the seafloor caused by anthropogenic CO2 (NCEI Accession 0176672)
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                date:  2018-10-11
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                  Anchor:  DOI 10.25921/kbqy-4v05
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                  Anchor:  NCEI Accession ID 0176672
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                  Anchor:  https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/archive-management-system/OAS/bin/prd/jquery/person/details/5207 Olivier Sulpis
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                  Anchor:  https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/archive-management-system/OAS/bin/prd/jquery/institution/details/956 McGill University
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                  Anchor:  https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/archive-management-system/OAS/bin/prd/jquery/institution/details/956 McGill University
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                  Anchor:  https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/archive-management-system/OAS/bin/prd/jquery/person/details/5207 Olivier Sulpis
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                individualName:  Bernard P. Boudreau
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                  Anchor:  https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/archive-management-system/OAS/bin/prd/jquery/institution/details/951 Dalhousie University; Institute of Oceanography
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                individualName:  Alfonso Mucci
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                  Anchor:  https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/archive-management-system/OAS/bin/prd/jquery/institution/details/956 McGill University
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                individualName:  Chris Jenkins
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                  Anchor:  https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/archive-management-system/OAS/bin/prd/jquery/institution/details/1458 University of Colorado - Boulder
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                individualName:  David S. Trossman
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                  Anchor:  https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/archive-management-system/OAS/bin/prd/jquery/institution/details/229 University of Texas at Austin (UT Austin)
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                individualName:  Brian K. Arbic
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                  Anchor:  https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/archive-management-system/OAS/bin/prd/jquery/institution/details/184 University of Michigan
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                  Anchor:  https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/archive-management-system/OAS/bin/prd/jquery/person/details/2214 Robert M. Key
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                  Anchor:  https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/archive-management-system/OAS/bin/prd/jquery/institution/details/1637 Princeton University; Department of Geosciences; Program in Atmospheric and Ocean Sciences (AOS)
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                  Anchor:  https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/archive-management-system/OAS/bin/prd/jquery/person/details/5207 Sulpis, Olivier
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                  Anchor:  https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/archive-management-system/OAS/bin/prd/jquery/institution/details/956 McGill University
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                  Anchor:  https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/archive-management-system/OAS/bin/prd/jquery/institution/details/951 Dalhousie University; Institute of Oceanography
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                individualName:  Mucci, Alfonso
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                  Anchor:  https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/archive-management-system/OAS/bin/prd/jquery/institution/details/956 McGill University
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                  Anchor:  https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/archive-management-system/OAS/bin/prd/jquery/institution/details/1458 University of Colorado - Boulder
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                  Anchor:  https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/archive-management-system/OAS/bin/prd/jquery/institution/details/229 University of Texas at Austin (UT Austin)
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                  Anchor:  https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/archive-management-system/OAS/bin/prd/jquery/institution/details/184 University of Michigan
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                  Anchor:  https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/archive-management-system/OAS/bin/prd/jquery/institution/details/229 University of Texas at Austin (UT Austin)
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                  Anchor:  https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/archive-management-system/OAS/bin/prd/jquery/institution/details/951 Dalhousie University; Institute of Oceanography
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                  Anchor:  https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/archive-management-system/OAS/bin/prd/jquery/institution/details/956 McGill University
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        abstract:  This dataset consists of current CaCO3 dissolution at the seafloor caused by anthropogenic CO2 in the World Oceans. This dataset contains the main results from Sulpis et al. (PNAS, 2018). All the variables have a 1x1 degree resolution. It can be used to compute calcite dissolution at the seafloor for changing bottom-water chemistry, calcite rain rates or current speeds, for instance. Oceanic uptake of anthropogenic CO2 leads to decreased pH, carbonate ion concentration, and saturation state with respect to CaCO3 minerals, causing increased dissolution of these minerals at the deep seafloor. This additional dissolution will figure prominently in the neutralization of man-made CO2. Yet, there has been no concerted assessment of the current extent of anthropogenic CaCO3 dissolution at the deep seafloor. Here, recent databases of bottom-water chemistry, benthic currents, and CaCO3 content of deep-sea sediments are combined with a new rate model to derive the global distribution of benthic calcite dissolution rates and obtain primary confirmation of an anthropogenic component. By comparing pre-industrial with present-day rates, we determine that significant anthropogenic dissolution now occurs in the western North Atlantic, amounting to 40-100% of the total seafloor dissolution at its most intense locations. At these locations, the calcite compensation depth has risen ~300 m. Increased benthic dissolution was also revealed at various hot spots in the southern extent of the Atlantic, Indian and Pacific Oceans. Our findings place constraints on future predictions of ocean acidification, are consequential to the fate of benthic calcifiers, and indicate that a by-product of human activities is currently altering the geological record of the deep sea.
        purpose:  This dataset is available to the public for a wide variety of uses including scientific research and analysis.
        credit:  Funding Information: US National Science Foundation, NSERC Discovery Grants (Current calcite (CaCO3) dissolution, OCE-0960820 and PLR-1425989)
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              Anchor:  https://gcmd.earthdata.nasa.gov/kms/concept/6eb3919b-85ce-4988-8b78-9d0018fd8089 EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > OCEAN CHEMISTRY
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                            description:  Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2023. GCMD Keywords, Version 17. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords
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            keyword:  Botton current speed (u)
            keyword:  Calcite dissolution rate
            keyword:  Calcium carbonate solid fraction in surface sediments (Xc)
            keyword:  Carbonate ion overall mass transfer coefficient (kstar)
            keyword:  Carbonate ion sediment-side mass transfer coefficient (ks)
            keyword:  Carbonate ion water-side mass transfer coefficient (beta)
            keyword:  Depth
            keyword:  Diffusive boundary layer thickness (zDBL)
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                            description:  Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2023. GCMD Keywords, Version 17. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords
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              Anchor:  https://gcmd.earthdata.nasa.gov/kms/concept/1ed45273-3e2b-4586-b852-05578c04041b OCEAN > ARCTIC OCEAN
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              Anchor:  https://gcmd.earthdata.nasa.gov/kms/concept/a4202721-0cba-4fa1-853f-890f146b04f9 OCEAN > ATLANTIC OCEAN > NORTH ATLANTIC OCEAN
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              Anchor:  https://gcmd.earthdata.nasa.gov/kms/concept/9ce6b6ba-8f9f-4585-9438-05619d768578 OCEAN > ATLANTIC OCEAN > SOUTH ATLANTIC OCEAN
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              Anchor:  https://gcmd.earthdata.nasa.gov/kms/concept/4b75a3a2-9811-43b9-8f8c-64d0ae4d9ca8 OCEAN > INDIAN OCEAN
            keyword:
              Anchor:  https://gcmd.earthdata.nasa.gov/kms/concept/5488b1cc-08b2-41cf-9bd2-4a2cdd0990de OCEAN > PACIFIC OCEAN > NORTH PACIFIC OCEAN
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              Anchor:  https://gcmd.earthdata.nasa.gov/kms/concept/fa0ec8a7-ebed-4f2d-834b-1fa6a1c2e0ed OCEAN > PACIFIC OCEAN > SOUTH PACIFIC OCEAN
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              Anchor:  https://gcmd.earthdata.nasa.gov/kms/concept/b791f381-1c1c-4958-bc7d-b72a15da1174 OCEAN > SOUTHERN OCEAN
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                            description:  Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2023. GCMD Keywords, Version 17. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords
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            keyword:  Arctic Ocean
            keyword:  Atlantic Ocean
            keyword:  Indian Ocean
            keyword:  Pacific Ocean
            keyword:  Southern Ocean
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            otherConstraints:  Cite as: Sulpis, Olivier; Boudreau, Bernard P.; Mucci, Alfonso; Jenkins, Chris; Trossman, David S.; Arbic, Brian K.; Key, Robert M. (2018). Current calcite (CaCO3) dissolution at the seafloor caused by anthropogenic CO2 (NCEI Accession 0176672). [indicate subset used]. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information. Dataset. https://doi.org/10.25921/kbqy-4v05. Accessed [date].
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            useLimitation:  Distribution liability: NOAA and NCEI make no warranty, expressed or implied, regarding these data, nor does the fact of distribution constitute such a warranty. NOAA and NCEI cannot assume liability for any damages caused by any errors or omissions in these data. If appropriate, NCEI can only certify that the data it distributes are an authentic copy of the records that were accepted for inclusion in the NCEI archives.
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                title:  Current calcite (CaCO3) dissolution at the seafloor caused by anthropogenic CO2
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                    date:  2022
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                      Anchor:  https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/archive-management-system/OAS/bin/prd/jquery/institution/details/1730 US DOC; NOAA; NESDIS; National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI)
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                title:  NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information (2022). Ocean Carbon and Acidification Data System (OCADS). NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information. https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/products/ocean-carbon-acidification-data-system
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                    date:  2022-04
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                otherCitationDetails:  [accessed 2024-02-08]
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                    linkage: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/accession/oas/176672
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                description:  NCEI Accession 0176672 v1.1 was published.
                dateTime:
                  DateTime:  2018-10-11T00:48:08Z
                output:  (LE_Source)
                    sourceCitation:  (CI_Citation)
                        title:  NCEI Accession 0176672 v1.1
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                                    linkage: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/accession/0176672/1.1
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                                    name:  NCEI Accession 0176672 v1.1
                                    description:  published 2018-10-11T00:48:08Z
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    dataQualityInfo:  (DQ_DataQuality)
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                description:  Parameter or Variable: Calcite Compensation Depth (CCD); Abbreviation: Depth; Unit: KM; Observation type: depth at which the calcite rain rate equals its dissolution rate, see Sulpis et al. (PNAS, 2018).
            processStep:  (LE_ProcessStep)
                description:  Parameter or Variable: Preindustrial Calcite Compensation Depth (PI_CCD); Abbreviation: Depth.
            processStep:  (LE_ProcessStep)
                description:  Parameter or Variable: Preindustrial calcite dissolution rate at the sediment-water interface (PI_r); Abbreviation: Calcite dissolution rate; Unit: mol/m2/a.
            processStep:  (LE_ProcessStep)
                description:  Parameter or Variable: Calcite dissolution rate at the sediment-water interface (r); Abbreviation: Calcite dissolution rate; Unit: mol/m2/a; Observation type: Current (2002).
            processStep:  (LE_ProcessStep)
                description:  Parameter or Variable: Botton current speed (u):; Abbreviation: Botton current speed (u); Unit: m/s; Observation type: inferred from an inline computation of the annually averaged kinetic energy field of a nominally 1/25th degree global configuration of the HYbrid Coordinate Ocean Model (HYCOM), see Trossman et al. (Ocean Modelling, 2016).
            processStep:  (LE_ProcessStep)
                description:  Parameter or Variable: Carbonate ion water-side mass transfer coefficient (beta); Abbreviation: Carbonate ion water-side mass transfer coefficient (beta); Unit: m/a; Observation type: it is simply the free solution diffusion coefficient for carbonate ion divided by the thickness of the DBL, and is computed here as a function of seawater viscosity and bottom-current speed, as explained in Sulpis et al. (PNAS, 2018).
            processStep:  (LE_ProcessStep)
                description:  Parameter or Variable: Carbonate ion sediment-side mass transfer coefficient (ks); Abbreviation: Carbonate ion sediment-side mass transfer coefficient (ks); Unit: m/a; Observation type: it depends on the CaCO3 content of the sediment and is temperature-corrected.
            processStep:  (LE_ProcessStep)
                description:  Parameter or Variable: Carbonate ion overall mass transfer coefficient (kstar); Abbreviation: Carbonate ion overall mass transfer coefficient (kstar); Unit: m/a; Observation type: non-linear combination of the water-side and sediment-side mass transfer coefficients.
            processStep:  (LE_ProcessStep)
                description:  Parameter or Variable: Calcium carbonate solid fraction in surface sediments (Xc); Abbreviation: Calcium carbonate solid fraction in surface sediments (Xc); Unit: [no unit]; Observation type: from the dbSEABED database compiled by Chris Jenkins at INSTAAR, see Jenkins (Sea Technol., 1997), Goff and Jenkins (Cont. Shelf. Reas., 2008).
            processStep:  (LE_ProcessStep)
                description:  Parameter or Variable: Diffusive boundary layer thickness (zDBL); Abbreviation: Diffusive boundary layer thickness (zDBL); Unit: micrometers; Observation type: computed as explained in Sulpis et al. (PNAS, 2018).
            processStep:  (LE_ProcessStep)
                description:  Parameter or Variable: Longitude (lon); Abbreviation: Longitude (lon); Unit: in degrees N.
            processStep:  (LE_ProcessStep)
                description:  Parameter or Variable: Latitude (lat); Abbreviation: Latitude (lat); Unit: in degrees E .
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        maintenanceNote:  Metadata are developed, maintained and distributed by NCEI. Updates are performed as needed to maintain currentness.
        contact:  (CI_ResponsibleParty)
            organisationName:  NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information
            role:  (CI_RoleCode) custodian
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