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Ocean currents from lowered acoustic Doppler current profilers (LADCP) from the Climate Variability (CLIVAR) project from 2003 to 2014 assembled at the University of Hawaii and Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory, Columbia University


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            title:  Ocean currents from lowered acoustic Doppler current profilers (LADCP) from the Climate Variability (CLIVAR) project from 2003 to 2014 assembled at the University of Hawaii and Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory, Columbia University
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                date:  2019-10-02
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                date:  2019-10-27
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                  Anchor:  NCEI Dataset ID gov.noaa.nodc:CLIVAR-LADCP
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                  Anchor:  https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/archive-management-system/OAS/bin/prd/jquery/institution/details/985 Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory
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                  Anchor:  https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/archive-management-system/OAS/bin/prd/jquery/institution/details/231 University of Hawai'i at Mānoa (UHM)
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                  Anchor:  https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/archive-management-system/OAS/bin/prd/jquery/institution/details/983 University of California - San Diego; Scripps Institution of Oceanography (SIO)
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        abstract:  This collection holds the Lowered Acoustic Doppler Current Profile (LADCP) estimates of ocean currents collected for the Climate Variability (CLIVAR) project. LADCPs estimate deep ocean absolute currents and shear. The project has been completed (CLIVAR ended in 2014). ADCPs use the Doppler shift of an outgoing frequency along a beam to return measured velocity along that beam. ADCPs typically have 4 beams, allowing measurement of velocity in 3 dimensions, in bins of varying distance from the transducer head. In this application, the ADCP is mounted on a CTD rosette frame and lowered along with the rest of the package, hence called Lowered ADCP ("LADCP"). LADCP requires less ship time in estimating deep currents as compared to historic measuring systems such as Pegasus systems. The goal is to determine water velocities to the full depth of the ocean for each LADCP deployment. Ocean velocities are very small (few cm/s), especially in the deep water. The package is typically lowered or raised at 1m/s for much of the water column, creating a challenging data processing situation. To reduce the LADCP measurements, one must utilize other data streams such as CTD at both standard levels and at the highest frequency of recording, GPS positions, ship navigation, ocean depth, and shipboard ADCP. Lowered ADCP data requires ancillary information to improve the processed data product. Over generations, the processing has improved and these ancillary components are systematically collected along with the LADCP data. In older datasets, they may be missing entirely. The directory structure and naming convention for the submitted LADCP datasets attempt to rationalize 20 years of data acquisition and processing by a collection of scientists who were inventing the field of LADCP acquisition and processing, so there is some variety in the organization and naming of the original datasets. Evolution of the instrumentation and processing techniques have continued. For the NCEI archive, three levels are defined: 1) Level-0, raw LADCP and ancillary data streams of the down- and up-cast, 2) Level-1, processed LADCP and ancillary data streams for the down-, up-, and averaged cast, and 3) Level-2 science-ready subset of select parameters. Presently only Levels 0 and 1 will be archived since work continues for defining error associated with Level 3. Note, Level 1 data are "as processed" based on the processing code pertinent at that time. There is one processed file per station cast. The ancillary streams of Level-1 are the basic oceanographic variables of interest, and may also include a variety of additional fields associated with the processing.
        purpose:  Physical oceanographers with need of understanding ocean currents. LADCP provides estimates of deep currents for large scale circulation studies and smaller scale mixing and internal wave investigations.
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              Anchor:  https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/archive-management-system/OAS/bin/prd/jquery/platform/details/8884 NOAA Ship Ronald H. Brown
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              Anchor:  https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/archive-management-system/OAS/bin/prd/jquery/institution/details/742 Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
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              Anchor:  https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/archive-management-system/OAS/bin/prd/jquery/project/details/469 U.S. Climate Variability and Predictability Research Program (U.S. CLIVAR)
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              Anchor:  https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/archive-management-system/OAS/bin/prd/jquery/seaname/details/44 Bay of Bengal
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                title:  Thurnherr, A. M. 2010. A Practical Assessment of the Errors Associated with Full-Depth LADCP Profiles Obtained Using Teledyne RDI Workhorse Acoustic Doppler Current Profilers. J. Atmos. Oceanic Technol. 27:7. p. 1215-1227
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                title:  Visbeck, M. 2002. Deep velocity profiling using Lowered Acoustic Doppler Current Profilers: Bottom track and inverse solutions. J. Atm. Oc. Tech.19, 794-807
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                    individualName:  Visbeck, Martin
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                title:  Caldwell, Patrick C.; Firing, Eric; Hummon, Julia M. (2001). Ocean currents measured by Shipboard Acoustic Doppler Current Profilers (SADCP) from global oceans as part of the Joint Archive (JASADCP) since 1985. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information. Dataset. https://doi.org/10.25921/g961-ya97.
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                      Anchor:  https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/archive-management-system/OAS/bin/prd/jquery/person/details/87 Caldwell, Patrick C.
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                      Anchor:  https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/archive-management-system/OAS/bin/prd/jquery/institution/details/1730 US DOC/NOAA/NESDIS > National Centers for Environmental Information
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                      Anchor:  https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/archive-management-system/OAS/bin/prd/jquery/person/details/762 Firing, Eric
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                      Anchor:  https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/archive-management-system/OAS/bin/prd/jquery/institution/details/231 University of Hawai'i
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                  Anchor:  https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/archive-management-system/OAS/bin/prd/jquery/institution/details/1730 NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information
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                description:  NCEI Accession 0204131 v1.1 was published.
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                description:  NCEI Accession 0205948 v1.1 was published.
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                  DateTime:  2019-10-27T10:14:48Z
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        maintenanceNote:  Metadata are developed, maintained and distributed by NCEI. Updates are performed as needed to maintain currentness.
        contact:  (CI_ResponsibleParty)
            organisationName:  NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information
            role:  (CI_RoleCode) custodian
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    acquisitionInformation:  (MI_AcquisitionInformation)
        instrument:  (MI_Instrument)
            identifier:  (MD_Identifier)
                code:  ADCP
            type:  ADCP
            description:  Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler The Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler (ADCP) measures currents beneath a ship while underway. Sound signals sent from the moving ship bounce back to receivers aboard the ship. This provides a profile of water movement relative to the ship-precise modern navigation, allowing the ship's motion to be subtracted from the data. These devices are also used on moorings and profilers and, along with acoustic backscattering, measure animal biomass. Particles in the path of the sound waves, mostly plankton, reflect a small part of the sound energy back toward receivers, allowing researchers to make remote estimates of the sizes and numbers of animals present in the water column. Before the 1970's, the most technologically advanced instrument used to measure water velocity was known as a Doppler speed log. This evolved into the first commercial ADCP, produced in the mid-1970's, which used averaging. Later in the 1970's, the first vessel-mounted ADCP was developed to measure water velocity more accurately and to allow measurement in range cells over a depth profile. As instruments evolved, so did new techniques in Doppler signal processing. Initially, Doppler speed logs used simple analog signal processing methods, which are still used in some commercial speed logs today. However, the first ADCPs incorporated analog-to-digital signal conversion over a narrow communication bandwidth. Around 1990, this technique was developed into broadband signal processing. Since then, broadband ADCPs have been able to generate very accurate, real-time velocity measurements.
        instrument:  (MI_Instrument)
            identifier:  (MD_Identifier)
                code:  CTD
            type:  CTD
            description:  Conductivity-Temperature-Depth probe
        platform:  (MI_Platform)
            identifier:  (MD_Identifier)
                code:  NOAA Ship Ronald H. Brown
            description:  Updated information from ICES for UNITED STATES platform Ronald H. Brown Flag : UNITED STATES - US (ISO Country Code) Call Sign : WTEC Title : NOAA Ship Platform Class : Research vessel IMO : 9105786 Pennant : R 104 Commissioned Date : 1997-07-19 Current Length : 83.5 Built : 1997 Information Source : http://www.moc.noaa.gov/rb/index.html (URL) Lloyds URL : http://www.seasearcher.com/lmiu/vessels/overview.htm?vesselID=277516 *General Comments:* Name RESEARCHER II planned during build was never used.
            instrument: (missing)
        platform:  (MI_Platform)
            identifier:  (MD_Identifier)
                code:  R/V Atlantis
            description:  Flag: United States of America Vessel Type: Research Vessel (Oceanographic) DOB: Mar 1997 IMO: 9105798 AS OF 3/3/1997 - WHOI https://www.whoi.edu/what-we-do/explore/ships/ships-atlantis/
            instrument: (missing)
        platform:  (MI_Platform)
            identifier:  (MD_Identifier)
                code:  R/V Knorr
            description:  Title: R/V Flag: United States of America Vessel Type: Research Vessel (Oceanographic) DOB: 1970 IMO: 7738618 MMSI: 367246000
            instrument: (missing)
        platform:  (MI_Platform)
            identifier:  (MD_Identifier)
                code:  R/V Melville
            description:  Hull Classification: AGOR-14. It is a research vessel operated by Scripps Institution of Oceanography. Commissioned on 10 July 1968 and the current status is active. https://scripps.ucsd.edu/ships/melville
            instrument: (missing)
        platform:  (MI_Platform)
            identifier:  (MD_Identifier)
                code:  R/V Roger Revelle
            description:  Flag: United States Type: Research Vessel IMO: 9075228 Company: Scripps Institution of Oceanography DOB: 1996-06 https://scripps.ucsd.edu/ships/revelle
            instrument: (missing)
        platform:  (MI_Platform)
            identifier:  (MD_Identifier)
                code:  R/V THOMAS G. THOMPSON
            description:  Use this platform for data attributed to R/V Thomas G. Thompson that were collected between July 1991 and present. R/V Thomas G. Thompson (AGOR-23) Owned by US Navy, leased to University of Washington. Active dates: July 1991 (Source: http://www.navsource.org/archives/09/57/5723.htm, last accessed on 20 Dec 2011)
            instrument: (missing)
        platform:  (MI_Platform)
            identifier:  (MD_Identifier)
                code:  RV Nathaniel B. Palmer
            description:  Updated information from ICES for the vessel NATHANIEL B. PALMER from UNITED STATES. Use 3206 for all data attributed to the vessel NATHANIEL B. PALMER from UNITED STATES. This platform has a current Call Sign = WPB3210 and two previous call signs, related to owner/company name changes since 1992. Previous call signs for NATHANIEL B. PALMER are: KUS1475 (1992 - ca. 1996) WCE9345 (ca. 1996 - mid-2006) WBP3210 (mid-2006 to present) Name : NATHANIEL B. PALMER Flag : UNITED STATES - US (ISO Country Code) Call Sign : WBP3210 Title : RV Platform Class : 31 Research vessel IMO : 9007257 Commissioned Date : 1992 Current Length : 86 Built : 1992-03 Notes : Data also found under previous call sign KUS1475 Lloyds URL : http://www.seasearcher.com/lmiu/vessels/overview.htm?vesselID=241527 Confirmed by NOAA on 2013-11-19.
            instrument: (missing)