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Dataset Overview | National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI)

NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Northern Spain 4000 Year Stalagmite d13C and Temperature Reconstruction

browse graphicPaleoclimatology - Speleothem
This archived Paleoclimatology Study is available from the NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI), under the World Data Service (WDS) for Paleoclimatology. The associated NCEI study type is Cave. The data include parameters of speleothems with a geographic location of Spain, Southern Europe. The time period coverage is from 3899 to -50 in calendar years before present (BP). See metadata information for parameter and study location details. Please cite this study when using the data.
  • Cite as: Martín-Chivelet, J.; Muñoz-García, M.B.; Edwards, R.L.; Turrero, M.J.; Ortega, A.I. (2011-09-26): NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Northern Spain 4000 Year Stalagmite d13C and Temperature Reconstruction. [indicate subset used]. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information. https://doi.org/10.25921/1ay7-ts70. Accessed [date].
  • Please refer to Credit tab for full citation information.
noaa-cave-12194
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Distributor NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information
ncei.info@noaa.gov
Dataset Point of Contact NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information
ncei.info@noaa.gov
Dataset Point of Contact Data Center Contact
NOAA World Data Service for Paleoclimatology
828-271-4800
paleo@noaa.gov
Coverage Description Date Range: -1949 CE to 2000 CE; Date Range: 3899 cal yr BP to -50 cal yr BP;
Time Period -1949 to 2000
Spatial Bounding Box Coordinates
West: -4.3728
East: -3.5164
South: 42.3481
North: 43.04
Spatial Coverage Map
General Documentation
Associated Resources
  • Land surface temperature changes in Northern Iberia since 4000 yr BP, based on d13C of speleothems
    • Associated Reference published 2011
      Martín-Chivelet, J., M.B. Muñoz-García, R.L. Edwards, M.J. Turrero, and A.I. Ortega, 2011: Land surface temperature changes in Northern Iberia since 4000 yr BP, based on d13C of speleothems. Global and Planetary Change, 77, 1-12, 10.1016/j.gloplacha.2011.02.002
Publication Dates
  • publication: 2011-09-26
Data Presentation Form Digital table - digital representation of facts or figures systematically displayed, especially in columns
Dataset Progress Status Complete - production of the data has been completed
Data Update Frequency Data update frequency not available
Supplemental Information
STUDY NOTES: Carbon stable isotope stacked series for the last 4000 years derived from three stalagmites of three caves of N Spain (Kaite, Cobre, and Cueva Mayor). Age model is based in 43 230Th absolute ages. Analyses for age-dating were conducted at the University of Minnesota by means of ICP-MS. Carbon isotope data are expressed as absolute deviation values i.e., the absolute difference between that each d13C(V-PDB) value and a reference value for each stalagmite. This reference value is the average d13C of each stalagmite for the time interval between 1570 and 670 yr BP - the longest interval of continuous and simultaneous growing of the three stalagmites. For each measurement, approximately 100ug of powder sample were drilled from petrographical thin sections of the axial part of the stalagmites, and analyzed with an on-line, automated, carbonate preparation system (Kiel III), linked to a Finnigan MAT-252 ratio mass spectrometer at the University of Minnesota Isotope Lab. The 13C data is translated into relative temperature estimates by means of a transfer function based in cross correlation between instrumental series of temperatures and d13C values in stalagmite SLX1 (estimated error ±0.26 °C).
ABSTRACT SUPPLIED BY ORIGINATOR: The surface temperature changes for the last 4000 years in northern inland Iberia (an area particularly sensitive to climate change) are determined by a high resolution study of carbon stable isotope records of stalagmites from three caves (Kaite, Cueva del Cobre, and Cueva Mayor) separated several tens of kilometers away in N Spain. Despite the local conditions of each cave, the isotopic series show a good overall coherence, and resulted to be strongly sensitive to surface temperature changes. The record reflects alternating warmer and colder intervals, always within a temperature range of 1.6 °C. The timing and duration of the intervals were provided by 43 230Th-234U (ICP-MS) ages. Main climatic recognized periods are: (1) 3950-3000 yr BP: warm period punctuated by cool events around ~3950, 3550 and 3250 yr BP; (2) 2850-2500 yr BP cold interval (Iron Age Cold Period); (3) 2500-1650 yr BP moderate warm period (Roman Warm Period), with maximum temperatures between 2150 and 1750 yr BP; (4) 1650-1350 yr BP cold interval (Dark Ages Cold Period), with a thermal minimum at ~1500 yr BP; (5) 1350-750 yr BP warm period (Medieval Warm Period) punctuated by two cooler events at ~1250 and ~850 yr BP; (6) 750-100 yr BP cold period (Little Ice Age) with extremes occurring at 600-500 yr BP, 350-300 yr BP, and 150100 yr BP; and (7) the last 150 years, characterized by rapid but no linear warming (Modern Warming). Remarkably, the presented records allow direct comparison of recent warming with former warm intervals such as the Roman or the Medieval periods. That comparison reveals the 20th century as the time with highest surface temperatures of the last 4000 years for the studied area. Spectral analysis of the time series shows consistent climatic cycles of ~400, ~900 and ~1300 yr, comparable with those recognized in the North Atlantic marine record, the Greenland ice cores, and other terrestrial records for the middle-late Holocene, suggesting common climate forcing mechanisms related to changes in solar irradiance and North Atlantic circulation patterns.
Purpose Records of past temperature, precipitation, and other aspects of climate derived from mineral deposits found in caves. Parameter keywords describe what was measured in this dataset. Additional summary information can be found in the abstracts of papers listed in the dataset citations.
Dataset Citation
  • Cite as: Martín-Chivelet, J.; Muñoz-García, M.B.; Edwards, R.L.; Turrero, M.J.; Ortega, A.I. (2011-09-26): NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Northern Spain 4000 Year Stalagmite d13C and Temperature Reconstruction. [indicate subset used]. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information. https://doi.org/10.25921/1ay7-ts70. Accessed [date].
  • Please cite original publication, online resource, dataset and publication DOIs (where available), and date accessed when using downloaded data. If there is no publication information, please cite investigator, title, online resource, and date accessed. The appearance of external links associated with a dataset does not constitute endorsement by the Department of Commerce/National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration of external Web sites or the information, products or services contained therein. For other than authorized activities, the Department of Commerce/NOAA does not exercise any editorial control over the information you may find at these locations. These links are provided consistent with the stated purpose of this Department of Commerce/NOAA Web site.
Cited Authors
  • Martín-Chivelet, J.
  • Muñoz-García, M.B.
  • Edwards, R.L.
  • Turrero, M.J.
  • Ortega, A.I.
Originators
  • Martín-Chivelet, J.
  • Muñoz-García, M.B.
  • Edwards, R.L.
  • Turrero, M.J.
  • Ortega, A.I.
Publishers
  • NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information
Theme keywords Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Science Keywords
  • Earth Science > Climate Indicators > Paleoclimate Indicators > Land Records > Cave Deposits
  • Earth Science > Climate Indicators > Paleoclimate Indicators > Speleothems
  • Earth Science > Paleoclimate > Land Records > Cave Deposits
Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Science Keywords
  • earth science > paleoclimate > speleothems
  • earth science > paleoclimate > climate reconstructions|speleothems
  • earth science > paleoclimate > climate reconstructions|speleothems
  • earth science > paleoclimate > speleothems
  • earth science > paleoclimate > climate reconstructions|speleothems
  • earth science > paleoclimate > climate reconstructions|speleothems
  • earth science > paleoclimate > speleothems > carbon isotopes
  • Air Temperature Reconstruction
Paleoenvironmental Standard Terms (PaST) Thesaurus
  • What: sample identification; Material: null
  • What: surface air temperature; Material: delta 13C
  • What: age; Material: null
  • What: delta 13C; Material: calcium carbonate
  • What: surface air temperature; Material: delta 13C
  • What: age; Material: null
Data Center keywords Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Data Center Keywords
  • DOC/NOAA/NESDIS/NCEI > National Centers for Environmental Information, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce
Place keywords
  • Continent > Europe > Southern Europe > Spain > Kaite Cave > LATITUDE 43.04 > LONGITUDE -3.6597
  • Continent > Europe > Southern Europe > Spain > Cueva del Cobre > LATITUDE 42.9872 > LONGITUDE -4.3728
  • Continent > Europe > Southern Europe > Spain > Cueva Mayor > LATITUDE 42.3481 > LONGITUDE -3.5164
Use Constraints
  • Cite as: Martín-Chivelet, J.; Muñoz-García, M.B.; Edwards, R.L.; Turrero, M.J.; Ortega, A.I. (2011-09-26): NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Northern Spain 4000 Year Stalagmite d13C and Temperature Reconstruction. [indicate subset used]. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information. https://doi.org/10.25921/1ay7-ts70. Accessed [date].
  • Use liability: NOAA and NCEI cannot provide any warranty as to the accuracy, reliability, or completeness of furnished data. Users assume responsibility to determine the usability of these data. The user is responsible for the results of any application of this data for other than its intended purpose.
  • Please cite original publication, online resource, dataset and publication DOIs (where available), and date accessed when using downloaded data. If there is no publication information, please cite investigator, title, online resource, and date accessed. The appearance of external links associated with a dataset does not constitute endorsement by the Department of Commerce/National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration of external Web sites or the information, products or services contained therein. For other than authorized activities, the Department of Commerce/NOAA does not exercise any editorial control over the information you may find at these locations. These links are provided consistent with the stated purpose of this Department of Commerce/NOAA Web site.
Access Constraints
  • Distribution liability: NOAA and NCEI make no warranty, expressed or implied, regarding these data, nor does the fact of distribution constitute such a warranty. NOAA and NCEI cannot assume liability for any damages caused by any errors or omissions in these data. If appropriate, NCEI can only certify that the data it distributes are an authentic copy of the records that were accepted for inclusion in the NCEI archives.
  • None
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Last Modified: 2024-02-11
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