NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Support for Global Climate Reorganization During the MCA
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title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Support for Global Climate Reorganization During the MCA
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date: 2010-11-15
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Anchor: DOI doi:10.25921/p6pa-t589
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abstract: This archived Paleoclimatology Study is available from the NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI), under the World Data Service (WDS) for Paleoclimatology. The associated NCEI study type is Paleoclimatology Modeling. The data include parameters of paleoclimatic modeling with a geographic location of Global. The time period coverage is from Unavailable begin date to Unavailable end date in calendar years before present (BP). See metadata information for parameter and study location details. Please cite this study when using the data.
purpose: Computer simulations of past climate. Variables provided as model output are described by parameter keyword. In some cases the parameter keywords are a subset of all archived model output, and additional output is available upon request. Additional summary information can be found in the abstracts of papers listed in the dataset citations.
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keyword: Earth Science > Climate Indicators > Paleoclimate Indicators > Paleoclimate Reconstructions
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date: 2020-01-09
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keyword: earth science > paleoclimate > paleoclimatic modeling
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keyword: Medieval Warm Period
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keyword: What: sea level pressure; Material: null
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keyword: What: precipitation; Material: null
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otherConstraints: Cite as: Graham, N.E.; Ammann, C.M.; Fleitmann, D.; Cobb, K.M.; Luterbacher, J. (2010-11-15): NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Support for Global Climate Reorganization During the MCA. [indicate subset used]. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information. https://doi.org/10.25921/p6pa-t589. Accessed [date].
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otherConstraints: Distribution liability: NOAA and NCEI make no warranty, expressed or implied, regarding these data, nor does the fact of distribution constitute such a warranty. NOAA and NCEI cannot assume liability for any damages caused by any errors or omissions in these data. If appropriate, NCEI can only certify that the data it distributes are an authentic copy of the records that were accepted for inclusion in the NCEI archives.
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otherConstraints: Please cite original publication, online resource, dataset and publication DOIs (where available), and date accessed when using downloaded data. If there is no publication information, please cite investigator, title, online resource, and date accessed. The appearance of external links associated with a dataset does not constitute endorsement by the Department of Commerce/National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration of external Web sites or the information, products or services contained therein. For other than authorized activities, the Department of Commerce/NOAA does not exercise any editorial control over the information you may find at these locations. These links are provided consistent with the stated purpose of this Department of Commerce/NOAA Web site.
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title: Support for global climate reorganization during the "Medieval Climate Anomaly"
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date: 2011
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individualName: Graham, N.E., C.M. Ammann, D. Fleitmann, K.M. Cobb and J. Luterbacher
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description: Graham, N.E., C.M. Ammann, D. Fleitmann, K.M. Cobb and J. Luterbacher, 2011: Support for global climate reorganization during the "Medieval Climate Anomaly". Climate Dynamics, 37, 1217–1245, 10.1007/s00382-010-0914-z
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supplementalInformation: STUDY NOTES: Model output for the IOWP25 Medieval Climate Anomaly simulation from Graham et al. 2010, in netCDF format. Files and contents are as follows: pcp_ratio_djfm.nc: Ratio of December–March precipitation, IOWP25/CNTL (expressed as fraction of CNTL), as plotted in Fig. 6. slp_diff_djfm.nc: Differences in December–March Sea Level Pressure (hPa) IOWP25 - CNTL, as plotted in Fig. 6. tdiff_djfm.nc: Differences in December–March temperature between the IOWP25 and CNTL simulations (C), as plotted in Fig. 7. pcp_ratio_jjas.nc: IOWP25-CNTL ratio of summer (June-September) precipitation (expressed as fraction of CNTL), as plotted in Fig. 8 slp_diff_jjas.nc: IOWP25-CNTL differences in summer (June-September) Sea Level Pressure, as plotted in Fig. 8. tdiff_jjas.nc: Differences in June–September temperature (IOWP25-CNTL) as plotted in Fig. 9 graham-2010-fig5-corrected.gif: corrected version of figure 5, updated 28 October 2010 (An incorrect version of Figure 5 was published in Graham et al. 2010). ABSTRACT SUPPLIED BY ORIGINATOR: Widely distributed proxy records indicate that the Medieval Climate Anomaly (MCA; ~900-1350 AD) was characterized by coherent shifts in large-scale Northern Hemisphere atmospheric circulation patterns. Although cooler sea surface temperatures in the central and eastern equatorial Pacific can explain some aspects of medieval circulation changes, they are not sufficient to account for other notable features, including widespread aridity through the Eurasian sub-tropics, stronger winter westerlies across the North Atlantic and Western Europe, and shifts in monsoon rainfall patterns across Africa and South Asia. We present results from a full-physics coupled climate model showing that a slight warming of the tropical Indian and western Pacific Oceans relative to the other tropical ocean basins can induce a broad range of the medieval circulation and climate changes indicated by proxy data, including many of those not explained by a cooler tropical Pacific alone. Important aspects of the results resemble those from previous simulations examining the climatic response to the rapid Indian Ocean warming during the late twentieth century, and to results from climate warming simulations - especially in indicating an expansion of the Northern Hemisphere Hadley circulation. Notably, the pattern of tropical Indo-Pacific sea surface temperature (SST) change responsible for producing the proxy-model similarity in our results agrees well with MCA-LIA SST differences obtained in a recent proxy-based climate field reconstruction. Though much remains unclear, our results indicate that the MCA was characterized by an enhanced zonal Indo-Pacific SST gradient with resulting changes in Northern Hemisphere tropical and extra-tropical circulation patterns and hydroclimate regimes, linkages that may explain the coherent regional climate shifts indicated by proxy records from across the planet. The findings provide new perspectives on the nature and possible causes of the MCA - a remarkable, yet incompletely understood episode of Late Holocene climatic change.
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