NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Southern Hemisphere 1000 Year Temperature Reconstructions
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title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Southern Hemisphere 1000 Year Temperature Reconstructions
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Anchor: DOI doi:10.25921/c12j-xt11
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abstract: This archived Paleoclimatology Study is available from the NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI), under the World Data Service (WDS) for Paleoclimatology. The associated NCEI study type is Climate Reconstruction. The data include parameters of climate reconstructions with a geographic location of Southern Hemisphere. The time period coverage is from 950 to -50 in calendar years before present (BP). See metadata information for parameter and study location details. Please cite this study when using the data.
purpose: Records of past temperature, precipitation, and other climate variables derived from paleoclimate proxies. Parameter keywords describe what was measured in this data set. Additional summary information can be found in the abstracts of papers listed in the data set citations.
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keyword: Earth Science > Climate Indicators > Paleoclimate Indicators > Paleoclimate Reconstructions
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keyword: Geographic Region > Southern Hemisphere > Southern Hemisphere > LATITUDE > LONGITUDE
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otherConstraints: Cite as: Neukom, R.; Gergis, J.; Karoly, D.J.; Wanner, H.; Curran, M.A.J.; Elbert, J.; González-Rouco, J.F.; Linsley, B.K.; Moy, A.D.; Mundo, I.A.; Raible, C.C.; Steig, E.J.; van Ommen, T.D.; Vance, T.; Villalba, R.; Zinke, J.; Frank, D.C. (2014-03-30): NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Southern Hemisphere 1000 Year Temperature Reconstructions. [indicate subset used]. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information. https://doi.org/10.25921/c12j-xt11. Accessed [date].
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otherConstraints: Please cite original publication, online resource, dataset and publication DOIs (where available), and date accessed when using downloaded data. If there is no publication information, please cite investigator, title, online resource, and date accessed. The appearance of external links associated with a dataset does not constitute endorsement by the Department of Commerce/National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration of external Web sites or the information, products or services contained therein. For other than authorized activities, the Department of Commerce/NOAA does not exercise any editorial control over the information you may find at these locations. These links are provided consistent with the stated purpose of this Department of Commerce/NOAA Web site.
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title: Inter-hemispheric temperature variability over the past millennium
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individualName: Raphael Neukom, Joëlle Gergis, David J. Karoly, Heinz Wanner, Mark Curran, Julie Elbert, Fidel González-Rouco, Braddock K. Linsley, Andrew D. Moy, Ignacio Mundo, Christoph C. Raible, Eric J. Steig, Tas van Ommen, Tessa Vance, Ricardo Villalba, Jens Zinke, and David Frank
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description: Raphael Neukom, Joëlle Gergis, David J. Karoly, Heinz Wanner, Mark Curran, Julie Elbert, Fidel González-Rouco, Braddock K. Linsley, Andrew D. Moy, Ignacio Mundo, Christoph C. Raible, Eric J. Steig, Tas van Ommen, Tessa Vance, Ricardo Villalba, Jens Zinke, and David Frank, 2014: Inter-hemispheric temperature variability over the past millennium. Nature Climate Change, , , 10.1038/nclimate2174
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supplementalInformation: STUDY NOTES: Time series of instrumental and reconstructed Southern Hemisphere spatial mean temperatures including 2SE uncertainties and 30-year filtered data. Also included are the 3000 individual ensemble members of the reconstruction: SH_TT_Recon_ensemble.csv (years in rows, ensemble members in columns). Also included are time series of proxy data: Proxies_SH_recon_screened.csv: lag adjusted and infilled proxy data as used for the reconstructions, scaled to mean 0 and std.dev. 1 over 1911-1990 Proxies_SH_recon_unscreened.csv: Annual proxy data before screening. ABSTRACT SUPPLIED BY ORIGINATOR: The Earth's climate system is driven by a complex interplay of internal chaotic dynamics and natural and anthropogenic external forcing. Recent instrumental data have shown a remarkable degree of asynchronicity between Northern Hemisphere and Southern Hemisphere temperature fluctuations, thereby questioning the relative importance of internal versus external drivers of past as well as future climate variability. However, large-scale temperature reconstructions for the past millennium have focused on the Northern Hemisphere, limiting empirical assessments of inter-hemispheric variability on multi-decadal to centennial timescales. Here, we introduce a new millennial ensemble reconstruction of annually resolved temperature variations for the Southern Hemisphere based on an unprecedented network of terrestrial and oceanic palaeoclimate proxy records. In conjunction with an independent Northern Hemisphere temperature reconstruction ensemble, this record reveals an extended cold period (1594-1677) in both hemispheres but no globally coherent warm phase during the pre-industrial (1000-1850) era. The current (post-1974) warm phase is the only period of the past millennium where both hemispheres are likely to have experienced contemporaneous warm extremes. Our analysis of inter-hemispheric temperature variability in an ensemble of climate model simulations for the past millennium suggests that models tend to overemphasize Northern Hemisphere-Southern Hemisphere synchronicity by underestimating the role of internal ocean-atmosphere dynamics, particularly in the ocean-dominated Southern Hemisphere. Our results imply that climate system predictability on decadal to century timescales may be lower than expected based on assessments of external climate forcing and Northern Hemisphere temperature variations alone.
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